Zvipembenene zvekurima zvinozivikanwa seimwe yemapoka ezvisikwa akaoma kudzora pasi rose. Pakati pazvo, zvipembenene zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvipembenene zvipembenene nezvipembenene zvenduru, izvo zvine simba guru rekuparadza zvirimwa zvakaita semiti yemichero, miriwo, nemaruva. Huwandu nekutengesa kwemishonga yekurima inoshandiswa kudzora zvipembenene zvinodya miriwo zvinotevera Lepidoptera neHomoptera pakati pemishonga yekurima yezvipembenene neacaricides. Zvisinei, mumakore achangopfuura, nekuda kwekushandiswa kakawanda kwemishonga yeacaricides uye kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwemishonga yekugadzira Chikonzero ndechekuti mwero wakasiyana wekudzivirira wakaratidzwa, uye zviri pedyo nekugadzira mishonga mitsva yeacaricides inoshanda zvakanyanya ine maumbirwo matsva uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekuita.
Chinyorwa chino chichakuzivisai nezvemhando itsva yebenzoylacetonitrile acaricide - fenflunomide. Mushonga uyu wakagadzirwa neOtsuka Chemical Co., Ltd. yekuJapan uye wakatangwa kekutanga muna 2017. Unonyanya kushandiswa kudzora zvipembenene pazvirimwa zvakaita semiti yemichero, miriwo nemiti yetii, kunyanya kune zvipembenene zvisina simba rekudzivirira zvipembenene.
Hunhu hwepakutanga
Zita rinowanzo shandiswa muchiRungu: Cyflumetofen; Nhamba yeCAS: 400882-07-7; Fomura yeMolecular: C24H24F3NO4; Huremu hweMolecular: 447.4; Zita remakemikari: 2-methoxyethyl-(R,S)-2-(4-tert. Butylphenyl)-2-cyano-3-oxo-3-(α,α,α-trifluoro-o-tolyl); fomura yechimiro chayo yakafanana neiri kuratidzwa pazasi.
Butflufenafen imushonga unouraya dumbu usina hunhu hwemuviri, uye mashandiro awo makuru ndeekudzivirira kufema kwemitochondrial kwezvipenyu. Kuburikidza nekubvisa esterification mumuviri, chimiro chehydroxyl chinoumbwa, icho chinokanganisa uye chinodzivisa mitochondrial protein complex II, chinotadzisa kufambisa kwema electron (hydrogen), chinoparadza phosphorylation reaction, uye chinokonzera kuoma mitezo nekufa kwezvipenyu.
Zviratidzo zvekushanda kwe cyflumetofen
(1) Kushandiswa zvakanyanya uye mwero mudiki. Magiramu gumi nemaviri chete pa mu imwe yevhu anoshandiswa, haashandise kabhoni yakawanda, akachengeteka uye haana njodzi kunharaunda;
(2) Broad spectrum. Inoshanda pakurwisa marudzi ese ezvipembenene;
(3) Inonyanya kusarudza. Inouraya zvikwekwe zvinokuvadza chete, uye haina simba rakawanda pazvipenyu zvisiri zvekurwiswa nezvikwekwe zvinodya dzimwe mhuka;
(4) Kunyatsojeka. Inogona kushandiswa pakurima zvirimwa zvekunze uye zvakachengetedzwa kudzora zvipembenene muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekukura kwemazai, makonye, shiri dzemusango nedzevakuru, uye inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nehunyanzvi hwekudzora zvipembenene;
(5) Zvese zviri zviviri zvinokurumidza uye zvinogara kwenguva refu. Mukati memaawa mana, zvikwekwe zvinokuvadza zvinomira kudya, uye zvikwekwe zvinomira mukati memaawa gumi nemaviri, uye zvinokurumidza zvinobudirira; uye zvine simba rinogara kwenguva refu, uye kuiswa kamwe chete kunogona kudzora nguva yakareba;
(6) Hazvisi nyore kuti munhu asashandise mishonga. Ine nzira yakasiyana yekushanda, haipindi mishonga yekurapa inonzi acaricides, uye hazvisi nyore kuti zvikwekwe zvisapindirwe nemishonga iyi;
(7) Inogadziriswa nekukasika uye inoora muvhu nemumvura, izvo zvakachengeteka kuzvirimwa nezvisikwa zvisingatarisirwi zvakaita semhuka dzinoyamwisa nezvisikwa zvemumvura, zvipenyu zvinobatsira, nevavengi vechisikigo. Ichi chishandiso chakanaka chekudzivirira kupararira kwezvirwere.
Misika Yepasi Pose uye Kunyoresa
Muna 2007, fenflufen yakatanga kunyoreswa uye kutengeswa muJapan. Iye zvino bufenflunom yakanyoreswa uye yakatengeswa muJapan, Brazil, United States, China, South Korea, European Union nedzimwe nyika. Kutengeswa kwacho kuri kuBrazil, United States, Japan, nezvimwewo, zvichiita kuti pave neanenge 70% yekutengesa pasi rose; kushandiswa kukuru kudzora zvikwekwe pamiti yemichero yakaita secitrus nemaapuro, zvichiita kuti pave neanopfuura 80% yekutengesa pasi rose.
EU: Yakanyorwa muEU Annex 1 muna 2010 uye yakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo muna 2013, inoshanda kusvika 31 Chivabvu 2023.
United States: Yakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo neEPA muna 2014, uye yakatenderwa neCalifornia muna 2015. Kune mambure emiti (zvikamu zvezvirimwa 14-12), mapeya (zvikamu zvezvirimwa 11-10), citrus (zvikamu zvezvirimwa 10-10), mazambiringa, mastrawberry, madomasi nezvirimwa zvemusango.
Canada: Yakatenderwa kunyoreswa neHealth Canada's Pest Management Agency (PMRA) muna 2014.
Brazil: Yakatenderwa muna 2013. Sekureva kwemubvunzo wewebhusaiti, kusvika pari zvino, inonyanya kushandiswa pa200g/L SC, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa pakurapa zvipembenene zvemichero yemichero yerudzi rweCitrus, maapuro, uye kofi, pamwe nezvipembenene zvemhando yepepuru-tsvuku, zvidimbu zveminwe midiki, nezvimwewo.
China: Sekureva kweChina Pesticide Information Network, kune kunyoreswa kaviri kwefenflufenac muChina. Imwe idosi imwe chete ye200g/L SC, iyo inobatwa neFMC. mites. Imwe inyoreso yehunyanzvi inobatwa neJapan Ouite Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.
Australia: Muna Zvita 2021, Australian Pesticide and Veterinary Medicines Administration (APVMA) yakazivisa kubvumidzwa nekunyoreswa kwe200 g/L buflufenacil suspension kubva muna Zvita 14, 2021 kusvika Ndira 11, 2022. Inogona kushandiswa kudzora mhando dzakasiyana dzezvipembenene mupome, almond, citrus, mazambiringa, michero nemiriwo, sitirobheri nemiti yekushongedza, uye inogona kushandiswawo pakudzivirira mumastrawberry, matomatisi nemiti yekushongedza.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-10-2022