1. Kurudzira kuchekwa kwemidzi yemiti yetii
Naphthalene acetic acid (sodium) usati waisa shandisa mvura ye60-100mg/L kuti unyike hwaro hwekucheka kwemaawa matatu kusvika mana, kuti uvandudze mashandiro acho, unogona zvakare kushandisa α mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium) 50mg/L+ IBA 50mg/L huwandu hwemusanganiswa, kana α mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium) 100mg/L+ vhitamini B, 5mg/L yemusanganiswa.
Nyatsoteerera mashandisirwo: bata nguva yekunyikwa kwemiti, nguva yakareba inokonzera kubviswa kwemashizha; Naphthylacetic acid (sodium) ine mhedzisiro yekudzivisa kukura kwemadzinde nemapazi pamusoro pevhu, uye zvakanaka kusanganisa nezvimwe zvinoumba midzi.
Usati waisa IBA, nyika 20-40mg/L yemushonga wemvura pasi pezvidimbu 3-4 cm kureba kwemaawa matatu. Zvisinei, IBA inoora nyore nyore nechiedza, uye mushonga unofanirwa kurongedzwa mutema wochengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera uye yakaoma.
Mhando dzemiti yetii dzine 50% naphthalene · ethyl indole root powder 500 mg/L, mhando dzine midzi iri nyore 300-400 mg/L root powder kana kunyikwa kwemasekonzi mashanu, isa kwemaawa mana kusvika masere, wozochekwa. Inogona kukurudzira midzi kutanga nekukurumidza, mazuva gumi nemana isati yatanga kudzorwa. Huwandu hwemidzi hwakawedzera, gumi nesere kupfuura hutongi; Huwandu hwekupona hwaive hwakakwira ne41.8% kupfuura hwehutongi. Huremu hwakaoma hwemidzi midiki hwakawedzerwa ne62.5%. Kureba kwemuti kwaive ne15.3 cm kupfuura hutongi. Mushure mekurapwa, huwandu hwekupona hwakasvika pa100%, uye huwandu hwekurimwa kwembesa hwakawedzera ne29.6%. Huwandu hwemichero hwakawedzera ne40 muzana.
2. Kurudzira kutanga kwetii buds
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti gibberellin inogona kukurudzira kupatsanurwa kwemasero nekureba, nokudaro ichikurudzira kumera kwemashizha, ichikurudzira uye ichikurumidzisa kukura kwemashizha. Mushure mekupfapfaidza, maruva asina kurara akakurudzirwa kuti amere nekukurumidza, huwandu hwemashizha nemashizha hwakawedzera, huwandu hwemashizha hwakaderedzwa, uye kuchengetedza kunyorova kwaive kwakanaka. Sekureva kwekuyedza kweTea Science Institute yeChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, huwandu hwemashizha matsva hwakawedzera ne10%-25% zvichienzaniswa nekudzora, tii yechirimo yakawedzera ne15%, tii yezhizha yakawedzera ne20%, uye tii yemwaka wechando yakawedzera ne30%.
Kuwanda kwekushandiswa kunofanira kunge kwakakodzera, kazhinji 50-100 mg/L kwakakodzera, 667m⊃2 yega yega; Pfapfaidza 50kg yemushonga wemvura pamuti wese. Tembiricha yechirimo yakaderera, huwandu hunogona kunge hwakakwira zvakakodzera; Zhizha, tembiricha yematsutso yakakwira, huwandu hunofanira kunge hwakaderera zvakakodzera, zvichienderana neruzivo rwemuno, master bud a leaf first spray effect yakanaka, mwaka wekupisa wakaderera unogona kupfapfaidzwa zuva rese, mwaka wekupisa wakakwira unofanirwa kuitwa manheru, kuti zvive nyore kunwa muti wetii, uye kuita kuti ushande zvakanaka.
Kubaya 10-40mg/L gibberellic acid pamashizha emuti wetii mudiki usina matavi kunogona kukanganisa maruva emiti yetii midiki isina matavi, uye miti yetii inokura mashizha maviri kusvika mana pakati paKukadzi, nepo miti yetii isingatangi kukura mashizha kusvika kutanga kwaKurume.
Cherechedzo yekushandisa: haigone kusanganiswa nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene ine alkaline, fetereza, uye kusanganiswa ne 0.5% urea kana 1% ammonium sulfate mhedzisiro iri nani; Kushandiswa kwakasimba, mwaka wega wega wetii unofanirwa kupfapfaidzwa kamwe chete, uye mushure mekupfapfaidzwa kusimbisa fetereza uye kutonga kwemvura; Mhedzisiro yegibberellin mumuviri wetii inosvika mazuva gumi nemana. Saka, zvakakodzera kusarudza tii ine bud rimwe nemashizha matatu; Gibberellin inofanira kushandiswa nayo.
3. Kurudzira kukura kwemabukira etii
Mushure mekupfapfaidza ne 1.8% sodium nitrophenolate, chirimwa chetii chakaratidza mhedzisiro dzakasiyana-siyana mumuviri. Chekutanga, kureba pakati pemabukira nemashizha kwakawedzerwa, uye huremu hwemabukira hwakawedzerwa, izvo zvaive zvakakwira ne 9.4% kupfuura zvinodzora. Chechipiri, kumera kwemabukira anobuda kwakakurudzirwa, uye huwandu hwekumera hwakawedzerwa ne 13.7%. Chechitatu ndechekuwedzera huwandu hwe chlorophyll, kuvandudza kugona kwe photosynthesis, uye ruvara rwemashizha egirini. Zvichienderana neavhareji yemakore maviri, tii yechirimo yakawedzera ne 25.8%, tii yezhizha yakawedzera ne 34.5%, tii yemwaka wechando yakawedzera ne 26.6%, avhareji yekuwedzera kwegore negore ye 29.7%. Chiyero chekunyungudutsa chinowanzoshandiswa muminda yetii ka5000, imwe neimwe 667m⊃2; Pfapfaidza 12.5mL yemvura ne 50kg yemvura. Kuisa mabukira etii musati mamera mumwaka wega wega kunogona kukurudzira bukira rekutanga re axillary. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwekutanga kwetii yechirimo kune kukosha kwakanyanya, kana ikapfapfaidzwa pakutanga kwebukira neshizha, kugona kwemiti yetii kunowedzera simba, uye mhedzisiro yekuwedzera kugadzirwa inoonekwa. Tii yechirimo inowanzopfapfaidzwa kanenge kaviri, tii yezhizha neyematsutso inogona kusanganiswa nekudzivirira zvipembenene uye mishonga inouraya zvipembenene, ichipfapfaidzwa zvakaenzana pamashizha akanaka uye kumashure, yakanyorova isina kudonha iri pakati nepakati, kuti iwane mhedzisiro mbiri dzekudzivirira zvipembenene uye kukurudzira kukura.
Cherechedza: Pakushandisa, musapfuure huwandu hwayo; Kana mvura ikanaya mukati memaawa matanhatu mushure mekupfapfaidza, pfapfaidza zvakare; Madonhwe epfapfaidzo anofanira kunge akanaka kuti awedzere kunamira, pfapfaidza kumberi nekumashure kwebanga zvakaenzana, hapana kudonha kwakanakisa; Mushonga wemuto unofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera kure nechiedza.
4. Dzivirirai kuumbwa kwembeu dzetii
Miti yetii inorimwa nechinangwa chekuunganidza mamwe matavi, saka kushandisa zvinhu zvinodzora kukura kwemichero uye kukurudzira kukura kwemabukira nemashizha inzira inoshanda yekuwedzera goho retii. Maitiro e ethephon pamuti wetii ndekusimudzira mashandiro emasero e lamellar muhunde yemaruva nehunde yemichero kuti chinangwa chekudonha kwemuti chibudirire. Sekureva kwekuyedza kweDhipatimendi reTea reZhejiang Agricultural University, mwero wekudonha kwemaruva unenge 80% mushure mekupfapfaidza anenge mazuva gumi nemashanu. Nekuda kwekudzikira kwekudya kwemichero yemichero mugore rinouya, kugadzirwa kwetii kunogona kuwedzerwa ne16.15%, uye huwandu hwese hwekupfapfaidza hwakakodzera kusvika 800-1000 mg/L. Sezvo kuburitswa kwemamorekuru e ethylene kuchikurumidzirwa nekuwedzera kwekupisa, huwandu hunofanira kuderedzwa zvakakodzera kana bukira riri diki, tishu riri kukura nesimba kana tembiricha yakakwira, uye huwandu hunofanira kunge hwakakwira zvakakodzera kana maruva mazhinji avhurika uye kukura kwacho kuri kunonoka kana tembiricha yadzikira. Kubva muna Gumiguru kusvika Mbudzi, kupfapfaidza kwakaitwa, uye mhedzisiro yekuwedzera goho yaive yakanakisa.
Kuwanda kweEthephon spray hakufanirwe kudarika huwandu, zvikasadaro kuchakonzera kusakwana kwemashizha, uye huwandu hwemashizha huchawedzera nekuwedzera kwehuwandu. Kuti kuderedza kudonha kwemashizha, ethephon yakasanganiswa ne30-50mg/L gibberellin spray ine simba guru pakuchengetedza mashizha, uye haikanganisi kuderera kwemashizha. Kana uchipfapfaidza, unofanira kusarudza mazuva ane makore kana husiku, zvichidikanwa, mvura haidi mukati memaawa gumi nemaviri ekushandiswa.
5. Kurumidza kuumba mbeu
Kubereka mbeu ndeimwe yenzira dzakakosha dzekuberekesa mbeu dzetii. Kushandisa zvinhu zvinokura zvirimwa zvakaita se α-mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium), gibberellin, nezvimwewo, zvinogona kukurudzira kumera kwembeu, kukura kwemidzi, kukura nekukurumidza uye kusimba, kutanga kwekurima.
Mbeu dzetii dzinonyikwa mu 10-20mg/L naphthylacetic acid (sodium) kwemaawa makumi mana nemasere, dzozosukwa nemvura mushure mekudzvara, dzinogona kufukurwa mazuva angangoita gumi nemashanu zvisati zvaitika, uye danho rese rekubereka mbeu rinenge mazuva gumi nemapfumbamwe kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu zvisati zvaitika.
Kukura kwembeu dzetii kunogona kukurumidziswa nekunyika mbeu mu 100mg/L gibberellin solution kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana.
6. Wedzera goho retii
Kugohoka kwemashizha matsva emuti wetii nemvura ine sodium nitrophenolate 1.8% kunoenderana nehuwandu hwekumera uye huremu hwemabukira. Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti huwandu hwekumera kwemiti yetii yakarapwa nemvura ine sodium nitrophenolate 1.8% hwakawedzera neanopfuura 20% zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwekudzora. Kureba kwemashizha, huremu hwemabukira uye huremu hwebukira rimwe chete nemashizha matatu zvaive zviri nani pane hwehutongi. Kuwedzerwa kwezvibereko kwe1.8% sodium nitrophenolate mvura yakabatana kwakanaka kwazvo, uye kuwedzera kwezvibereko kwehuwandu hwakasiyana kwakanakira ne6000 zvakapetwa mvura, kazhinji ka3000-6000 zvakapetwa mvura.
Mvura ye1.8% sodium nitrophenolate inogona kushandiswa semhando yemiti yetii munzvimbo dzetii. Shandisa huwandu hwe3000-6000 hwakakodzera hwemvura, 667m⊃2; Pfapfaidza mvura vhoriyamu 50-60kg. Parizvino, spray ine simba shoma munzvimbo dzetii inonyanya kufarirwa, uye kana ikasanganiswa nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, zvinokurudzirwa kuti huwandu hwe1.8% sodium nitrophenolate mvura husapfuure 5mL pabhegi remvura. Kana huwandu hwacho hwakanyanya, huchadzivisa kukura kwetii bud uye hunokanganisa goho retii. Huwandu hwenguva dzekupfapfaidza mumwaka wetii hunofanira kutsanangurwa zvichienderana nekukura kwemuti wetii. Kana paine mamwe misoro midiki yemabud padenga mushure mekukohwa, inogona kupfapfaidzwa zvakare, kuitira kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuwedzera kwegoho mumwaka wese.
Brassinolide 0.01% yebrassinolide yakaderedzwa ka5000 mvura inopfapfaidzwa inogona kukurudzira kukura kwemashizha emuti wetii, kuwedzera huwandu hwekumera, kuwedzera goho remashizha, uye inogonawo kuwedzera goho remashizha matsva ne17.8% uye tii yakaoma ne15%.
Kutumbuka kwemiti yetii yeEthephon kunodya zvinovaka muviri zvakawanda nesimba, uye kupfapfaidza 800 mg/L ye ethephon kubva pakupera kwaGunyana kusvika Mbudzi kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya michero nemaruva.
Zvese B9 neB9 zvinogona kuwedzera kukura kwekubereka, kuwedzera mwero wekugadzika michero uye goho remichero yemiti yetii, izvo zvine mukana wekuvandudza mamwe marudzi emiti yetii ine mwero wakaderera wekugadzika mbeu uye minda yetii nechinangwa chekuunganidza mbeu dzetii. Kurapa ne1000mg/L, 3000mg/L B9, 250mg/L uye 500mg/L B9 kunogona kuwedzera goho remichero yetii ne68%-70%.
Gibberellin inokurudzira kupatsanurwa kwemasero uye kureba. Zvakaonekwa kuti mushure mekurapwa kwegibberellin, maruva emuti wetii akamera nekukurumidza, musoro wemuti wetii wakawedzera, mashizha akaderedzwa zvishoma, uye kuchengetedza kwetii kwaive kwakanaka, izvo zvakaita kuti pave nemamiriro ekuwedzera goho uye kuvandudza mhando yetii. Kushandiswa kwegibberellin mumwaka wega wega wetii bud nemashizha panguva yekutanga ne50-100mg/L yekupfapfaidza mashizha, nyatsoteerera tembiricha, kazhinji tembiricha yakaderera inogona kushandiswa zuva rese, tembiricha yakanyanya manheru.
7. Kubviswa kwemaruva nemakemikari
Mbeu dzakawanda pakupera kwematsutso dzinodya zvinovaka muviri, dzinokanganisa kukura kwemashizha matsva nemabukira muchirimo chinotevera, uye kudya zvinovaka muviri kunokanganisa goho uye kunaka kwetii mugore rinotevera, uye kunhonga maruva ekugadzira kwakaoma zvikuru, saka nzira dzemakemikari dzave tsika yekukura.
Ethylene ichishandisa ethephon kubvisa maruva nemakemikari, mabukira akawanda anodonha, huwandu hwembeu dzinotumbuka hushoma, kuunganidzwa kwezvinovaka muviri kwakawanda, izvo zvinobatsira kuwedzera goho retii, uye kuchengetedza vashandi nemari.
Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzine 500-1000 mg/L ethephon liquid, imwe neimwe 667m⊃2; Kushandisa 100-125kg kupfapfaidza muti wese zvakaenzana panguva yekutumbuka, wobva wapfapfaidza kamwe chete panguva ye7-10d, zvinobatsira kuwedzera goho retii. Zvisinei, huwandu hwemishonga hunofanira kudzorwa zvakanyanya, uye huwandu hwakanyanya hwe ethephon huchaita kuti mashizha adonhe, izvo zvisingafadzi kukura nekugohorera. Zvinokurudzirwa kuona nguva uye chiyero chekushandisa zvichienderana nemamiriro enzvimbo, mhando nemamiriro ekunze, uye nguva yekushandisa inofanira kusarudzwa munguva iyo tembiricha yadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma, camellia yavhurika, uye mashizha akaiswa. Munguva yekupedzisira kwematsutso, muna Gumiguru kusvika Mbudzi muZhejiang, huwandu hwemushonga haugone kudarika 1000mg/L, huwandu hwechikamu chebud bud hunogona kuderera zvishoma, uye huwandu hwenzvimbo yetii inotonhora yemakomo hunogona kukwira zvishoma.
8. Wedzera kuramba kutonhora kwemuti wetii
Kukuvadzwa nechando ndeimwe yematambudziko makuru anokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemiti munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzetii nenzvimbo dzekuchamhembe kwetii, izvo zvinowanzoita kuti kugadzirwa kwayo kuderera uye kutofa. Kushandiswa kwezvinodzora kukura kwemiti kunogona kuderedza kubuda kwemashizha pamusoro pemuti, kana kukurudzira kukwegura kwemashizha matsva, kuvandudza mwero wekupenya kwemiti, uye kuwedzera kusimba kana kuramba kutonhora kwemiti yetii kusvika pamwero wakati.
Ethephon inopfapfaidzwa ne800mg/L pakupera kwaGumiguru inogona kudzivirira kukura kwemiti yetii pakupera kwematsutso uye inowedzera kusimba kwekupisa.
Kupfapfaidza 250mg/L yemushonga pakupera kwaGunyana kunogona kukurudzira kukura kwemiti yetii pachine nguva, izvo zvinobatsira kukura zvakanaka kwemashizha echirimo muchando chechipiri.
9. Gadzirisa nguva yekukohwa tii
Kureba kwemashizha emiti yetii munguva yetii yechirimo kune mhinduro yakasimba yekubatana, zvichikonzera kuwanda kwetii yechirimo munguva yekupisa, uye kusawirirana pakati pekukohwa nekugadzira kwakakosha. Kushandiswa kwegibberellin nedzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa kukura kunogona kuwedzera kushanda kweA-amylase neprotease, kuitira kuti kuwedzere kugadzirwa nekushandurwa kweprotein neshuga, kukurumidzisa kupatsanurwa nekureba kwemasero, kukurumidzisa mwero wekukura kwemuti wetii, uye kuita kuti maruva matsva akure pachine nguva; Nheyo yekuti mamwe nzira dzekugadzirisa kukura anogona kudzivirira kupatsanurwa nekureba kwemasero inoshandiswawo senzira yekudzivisa kunonoka kwenguva yekupisa, nokudaro ichidzora nguva yekukohwa tii uye kuderedza kusawirirana mukushandiswa kwebasa rekuunganidza tii nemaoko.
Kana 100mg/L yegibberellin ikapfapfaidzwa zvakaenzana, tii yechirimo inogona kucherwa kaviri kusvika kane nguva pachine nguva uye tii yechirimo kaviri kusvika kane nguva pachine nguva.
Alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (sodium) inopfapfaidzwa ne 20mg/L yemushonga wemvura, iyo inogona kutorwa mazuva maviri kusvika mana pachine nguva.
Kupfapfaidza kwe25mg/L ethephon solution kunogona kuita kuti tii yespring tii ibude katatu pazuva.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-16-2024