Brassinolide, semutariri wekukura kwezvirimwa, yakaita basa guru mukugadzirwa kwekurima kubvira payakawanikwa. Mumakore achangopfuura, nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi yekurima netekinoroji uye kuchinja kwekudiwa kwemusika, brassinolide nechikamu chayo chikuru chezvigadzirwa zvakasanganiswa zvinobuda muhuwandu husingaperi. Kubva pazvigadzirwa zvisingasviki zana zvakanyoreswa gore ra2018 risati rasvika, huwandu hwezvigadzirwa nemabhizinesi zana nemakumi matatu nemashanu hwawedzera kaviri. Mugove wemusika weanopfuura bhiriyoni imwe yeyuan uye mukana wemusika weanopfuura bhiriyoni gumi yeyuan zvinoratidza kuti chinhu ichi chekare chiri kuratidza simba idzva.
01
Kuwanikwa uye kushandiswa kwenguva chinhu chitsva
Brassinolide imhando yehomoni yezvirimwa zvechisikigo, inowanikwa mumahormone esteroid, ayo akatanga kuwanikwa murape pollen muna 1979, anobva kubrassin inoburitswa zvakasikwa.Brassinolide inodzora kukura kwezvirimwa zvine simba guru, iyo inogona kuwedzera kukura kwezvinovaka muviri zvezvirimwa uye kukurudzira kuberekesa mbeu pahuwandu hushoma kwazvo. Zvikuru, inogona kukurudzira kupatsanurwa kwemasero nekureba, kuvandudza kushanda kwephotosynthesis, kuwedzera kuramba kunetseka, kukurudzira kusiyana kwemabukira emaruva nekukura kwemichero, uye kuwedzera huwandu hweshuga mumichero.
Pamusoro pezvo, rubatsiro rwekutanga pambeu dzakafa, kuora kwemidzi, kumira dzakafa uye kudzimwa kunokonzerwa nekudyara kakawanda, zvirwere, kukuvara nemishonga, kukuvara kwechando nezvimwe zvikonzero zvinoshamisa, uye kushandiswa kwemaawa 12-24 zviri pachena kuti kunoshanda, uye simba rinodzorerwa nekukurumidza.
Mumakore achangopfuura, nekukura kwehuwandu hwevanhu pasi rose uye kukura kwakanyanya kwekurima, kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvekurima kwave kuchiwedzera. Kuti zvizadzise kudiwa uku, kuvandudza goho uye mhando yezvirimwa kwave chiri chinangwa chikuru chekurima. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kudiwa kwemusika kwevanodzora kukura kwezvirimwa kuri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.Brassinolide iri kuva simba guru rekusimudzira hutano hwezvirimwa munguva ino nekushanda kwayo mukuwedzera kugadzirwa uye kuderedza kudzorwa kwekukuvara.
Brassinolide, semushonga unodzora kukura kwezvirimwa unoshanda zvakanyanya, wakagamuchirwa nevarimi nekuda kwekuwedzera kwayo goho pazvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Kunyanya mukugadzira zvirimwa zvinotengeswa (zvakaita semichero, miriwo, maruva, nezvimwewo) uye zvirimwa zvemumunda (zvakaita semupunga, gorosi, chibage, nezvimwewo), brassinolide iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya.
Zvichienderana nedata rekutsvaga misika, musika wepasi rose wevanodzora kukura kwezvirimwa waratidza kukura kwakasimba mumakore mashoma apfuura. Pakati pavo, mugove wemusika webrassicolactone wakawedzera gore negore, uchiva chikamu chakakosha chemusika. MuChina, kudiwa kwemusika webrassinolide kwakanyanya, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinogadzira zvirimwa zvekutengesa zvekumaodzanyemba nenzvimbo dzinogadzira zvirimwa zvekuchamhembe.
02
Musika wekushandiswa kamwe chete uye musanganiswa wakasimba
Mumakore achangopfuura, zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvine brassinolide sechikamu chikuru zvakaonekwa pamusika. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinowanzo sanganisa brassinolactones nezvimwe zvinodzora kukura kwezvirimwa, zvinovaka muviri, nezvimwewo, kuti zvigadzire mafomura emakemikari kuitira kuti zvive nesimba rakabatana.
Semuenzaniso, musanganiswa webrassinolide nemahormone akadai segibberellin, cytokinin, uyeindole acetic acidinogona kudzora kukura kwezvirimwa kubva kumativi akasiyana-siyana kuti iwedzere kusimba kwayo uye goho rayo.Pamusoro pezvo, kusanganiswa kwebrassinolide nezvinhu zvidiki (zvakaita se zinc, boron, iron, nezvimwewo) kunogonawo kuvandudza hutano hwezvirimwa uye kuwedzera simba rekukura kwazvo.
Nekupera kwe pyrazolide muna 2015, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakasanganiswa ne pyrazolide, brassinolide uye potassium dihydrogen phosphate zvakakurudzirwa zvikuru muminda yekuchamhembe (chibage, gorosi, nzungu, nezvimwewo). Izvi zvakakurumidza kukonzera kukura kwekutengeswa kwe brassinolide.
Kune rumwe rutivi, mabhizinesi anokurumidzisa kunyoreswa kwezvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nebrassinolide, uye anokurudzira kushandiswa kwayo mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana.Kusvika pari zvino, zvigadzirwa zvebrassinolide zvinosvika 234 zvakanyoreswa mumishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, izvo 124 zvacho zvakasanganiswa, zvichiita kuti zvipfuure 50%.Kukwira kwezvigadzirwa izvi zvinosanganiswa hakungogumiri pakugutsa kudiwa kwemusika kwevanodzora zvirimwa vanoshanda zvakanaka uye vane mabasa akawanda, asi kunoratidzawo kusimbiswa kwekuisa fetereza nemazvo uye manejimendi esainzi mukurima.
Nekufambira mberi kwesainzi netekinoroji uye kuvandudzwa kweruzivo rwevarimi, zvigadzirwa zvakadaro zvichave netariro yakakura yemusika mune ramangwana.Brassinolide inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvirimwa zvekutengesa zvakaita semichero nemiriwo. Semuenzaniso, mukurima mazambiringa, brassinolide inogona kuwedzera mwero wekugadzirwa kwemichero, kuwedzera shuga nekuoma kwemuchero, uye kunatsiridza chitarisiko nekuravira kwemuchero. Mukurima madomasi, brassinolide inogona kukurudzira kutumbuka kwematomatisi nemichero, kunatsiridza goho uye mhando yemichero.Brassinolide inoitawo basa rakakosha mukugadzira zvirimwa zvemumunda. Semuenzaniso, mukurima mupunga negorosi, brassinolide inogona kukurudzira kurima, kuwedzera kureba kwezvirimwa nehuremu hwenzeve, uye kuwedzera goho.
Brassinolide inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mukugadzira maruva nemiti yekushongedza. Semuenzaniso, mukurima marose, brassicolactone inogona kukurudzira kusiyana kwemabukira emaruva uye kutumbuka, zvichivandudza huwandu uye mhando yemaruva. Mukuchengetedza zvirimwa zviri muhari, brassinolide inogona kukurudzira kukura nekukura kwemiti uye kuwedzera kukosha kwekushongedza.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-04-2024