Hainan, sedunhu rekutanga muChina kuvhura musika wezvigadzirwa zvekurima, purovhinzi yekutanga kushandisa iyo yakazara franchise system yemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, dunhu rekutanga kuita zvinyorwa zvechigadzirwa uye kukodha kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, maitiro matsva ekuchinja kwemitemo yekuuraya zvipembenene, yagara iri kutarisisa kweindasitiri yenyika yezvekurima, kunyanya kurongeka kwakakura kwevatengesi vemusika weHainan.
Musi waKurume 25, 2024, kuitira kuti iite zvakatemwa zveRegulations paFair Competition yeHainan Yemahara Trade Port uye Zvisungo zveManagement of Pesticides muHainan Special Economic Zone, iyo yakatanga kushanda muna Gumiguru 1, 2023, Hurumende yeVanhu yeHainan Province yakafunga kudzima iyo Management yePestina Hainan Special Economic Zone.
Izvi zvinoreva zvakare kuti kutonga kwemishonga yezvipembenene muHainan kuchatora danho rakakura kumberi, musika uchasunungurwa zvakare, uye mamiriro evanhu 8 (Gumiguru 1, 2023 isati yasvika, kune 8 mabhizinesi anotengesa mishonga yezvipembenene, 1,638 ekutengesa mishonga yezvipembenene uye 298 akarambidzwa mishonga yezvipembenene) ichaputswa zviri pamutemo mudunhu reHai. Yakashandurwa kuita maitiro matsva ekutonga, kuita vhoriyamu nyowani: vhoriyamu chiteshi, mitengo yevhoriyamu, vhoriyamu masevhisi.
2023 "mitemo mitsva" yakaitwa
Kusati kwabviswa Matanho eKutonga kweHolesale uye Retail Kushanda kweMishonga yePesticides muHainan Special Economic Zone, Zvisungo zveKutungamirirwa kweMishonga yePesticides muHainan Special Economic Zone (inozonzi "Provisions") yakaitwa muna Gumiguru 1, 2023.
"Hazvichasiyanise pakati pekutengesa nekutengesa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, kuderedza mutengo wekushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, uye nenzira imwecheteyo havachatarise mabhizinesi akazara nevatengesi vemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene kuburikidza nekubhidha, kuderedza mutengo wekutonga kwezvipembenene, uye kushandisa hurongwa hwekutonga hunoenderana nerezenisi rekutonga kwezvipembenene ..."
Izvi zvave zvichiunza mashoko akanaka kunzanga yose yezvekurima, saka gwaro racho rave richizivikanwa uye rakarumbidzwa nevakawanda vevanoshandisa mishonga yezvipembenene. Nekuti izvi zvinoreva kuti huwandu hwemusika hunodarika mabhiriyoni maviri eyuan mumusika wemuHainan wemishonga yezvipembenene huchasunungurwa, huchaunza kutenderera kutsva kwekuchinja kukuru nemikana.
Iyo "Several provisions" kubva ku2017 vhezheni ye60 yakagadziridzwa kusvika makumi maviri nematanhatu, inotora chimiro che "small incision, short fast spirit" mutemo, inonamatira kune dambudziko-inotarisana nedambudziko, yekugadzira, yekufambisa, kuchengetedza, manejimendi uye kushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene mukuita kwematambudziko akakurumbira, anonangwa kugadzirisa.
Pakati pazvo, chimwe chezvakakosha zvikuru kubviswa kweiyo pesticide wholesale franchise system.
Saka, ndezvipi zvakakosha zviri mukati uye maratidziro e "mirau mitsva" yakaitwa kweinoda kusvika hafu yegore, isu tichazvigadzirisa uye tozviongorora zvakare, kuitira kuti vagadziri nevanouraya zvipembenene mumusika weHainan vanzwisise uye kuziva kwemitemo mitsva, kutungamira zviri nani uye kugadzirisa dhizaini yavo nemaitiro ebhizinesi, uye kubata mimwe mikana mitsva pasi pekuchinja kwenguva.
Mushonga wezvipembenene zvekutengesa zvipembenene wakabviswa zviri pamutemo
Iwo "Zvimwe Zvipikirwa" zvinoyera mitemo yemakwikwi emahara ekutengeserana kwemahara, shandura iyo yekutanga kuuraya zvipembenene hurongwa, kudzora zvisiri pamutemo maitiro ebhizinesi kubva kunobva, uye kuve nechokwadi chekutora chikamu kwakanaka kwevatambi vemusika wemishonga mumakwikwi.
Yekutanga ndeyekukanzura iyo wholesale franchise system yemishonga yezvipembenene, haichasiyanise pakati pekutengesa nekutengesa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, uye kuderedza mutengo wekushandisa mushonga. Saizvozvo, mabhizinesi anotengesa mishonga yezvipembenene nevanotengesa mishonga yezvipembenene havachatemerwe nemabhidha, kuti vaderedze mutengo wekushandisa kwemishonga yezvipembenene.
Chechipiri ndechekuita manejimendi akabatana nerezenisi rebhizimusi remishonga yezvipembenene, uye vanokwanisa kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene vanogona kunyorera zvakananga kumadhipatimendi ane hunyanzvi hwekurima nemaruwa ehurumende dzevanhu dzemaguta, matunhu nematunhu anozvitonga uko mashandiro avo anowanikwa marezinesi ebhizinesi remishonga.
Muchokwadi, kare muna 1997, Ruwa rweHainan rwakanga rwuri rwekutanga munyika kushandisa marezenisi ezvipembenene uye kuvhura musika wemishonga yezvipembenene, uye muna 2005, “Mitemo yakati wandei paKutarisira Mishonga yezvipembenene muHainan Special Economic Zone” yakapihwa, iyo yakagadzirisa shanduko iyi nenzira yemitemo.
Muna Chikunguru 2010, Hainan Provincial People's Congress yakashambadzira ichangobva kudzokororwa "Mitemo yakati wandei paManejirwo emishonga yezvipembenene muHainan Special Economic Zone", kumisa hurongwa hwekutengesa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene mudunhu reHainan. Muna Kubvumbi 2011, hurumende yeHainan yakapa "Matanho eKutungamira kwePesticide Wholesale uye Retail Business Licensing muHainan Province", iyo inoti panosvika gore ra2013, kuchange kuine 2-3 chete mabhizimisi ekuuraya zvipembenene mudunhu reHainan, rimwe nerimwe riine mari yakanyoreswa inodarika zana remamiriyoni eyuan; Dunhu rine 18 guta uye dunhu rematunhu ekugovera nzvimbo; Kune anenge mazana maviri neshanu emabhizinesi ezvitoro, mumusimboti 1 mutaundishipi yega yega, ane mari yakanyoreswa isingasviki miriyoni imwe yeyuan, uye maguta nematunhu anogona kugadzirisa kwakakodzera zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo ebudiriro yekurima, marongerwo emapurazi ehurumende uye mamiriro emigwagwa. Muna 2012, Hainan yakapa batch yekutanga yemarezinesi ekutengesa mishonga yezvipembenene, inotaridza kufambira mberi kwakakura mukugadziridzwa kwehurongwa hwekuuraya zvipembenene muHainan, uye zvinoreva kuti vagadziri vanokwanisa chete kutengesa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene muHainan kuburikidza nekushandira pamwe nevatengesi vezvitoro vanokokwa ku tender nehurumende.
"Zviitiko zvakati wandei" zvinonatsiridza mashandisirwo emishonga yezvipembenene, kudzima hurongwa hwekuuraya zvipembenene, haichasiyanise pakati pekutengesa zvipembenene nekutengesa, kuderedza mutengo wekushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene, uye nenzira yakafanana haichataridzi nzira yemabhizinesi anotengesa mishonga yezvipembenene nekutengesa zvipembenene kuburikidza nekubhidha, kuitira kudzikisa mutengo wekutarisira mushonga. Kuitwa kweNational Pesticide Business Rezinesi manejimendi system, vanokwanisa kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene vanogona kunyorera zvakananga kuguta, County, yakazvimirira County yehurumende yevanhu inoona nezvekurima uye zviremera zvekumaruwa kune rezinesi rebhizinesi rekuuraya zvipembenene.
Vashandi vehofisi yakakodzera yeHainan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs vakati: Izvi zvinoreva kuti mutemo wemishonga yezvipembenene muHainan uchange uchienderana nemitemo yenyika, hapasisina mutsauko pakati peholesa nekutengesa, uye hapana chikonzero chekuisa mazita; Kubviswa kweiyo wholesale franchise system yemishonga yezvipembenene zvinoreva kuti mishonga yezvipembenene yakasununguka kupinda muchitsuwa, chero bedzi zvigadzirwa zvichienderana uye maitiro acho achienderana, hapana chikonzero chekunyora nekubvumidza chitsuwa.
Musi waKurume 25, Hurumende yeVanhu veHainan Province yakasarudza kumisa "Hainan Special Economic Zone Pesticide wholesale uye retail business rezinesi Management Measures" (Qiongfu [2017] No. 25), zvinoreva kuti mune ramangwana, mainland mabhizinesi anogona kubatirana zviri pamutemo nemabhizinesi ari pachitsuwa, uye sarudzo ichava neanogadzira pesti.
Sekureva kwemaindasitiri masosi, mushure mekubviswa zviri pamutemo kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene franchise system, kuchave nemabhizinesi akawanda anopinda muHainan, mitengo yezvigadzirwa inoenderana ichaderedzwa, uye sarudzo dzakawanda dzichava dzakanaka kune varimi veHainan vemichero nemiriwo.
Biopesticides iri kuvimbisa
Chisungo chechina cheZvibvumirano chinoti hurumende dzevanhu dziri padanho redunhu kana kuti pamusoro pedunhu, maererano nezvinodiwa, dzichapa kukurudzira nerubatsiro kune avo vanoshandisa mishonga inouraya zvipembenene yakachengetedzeka uye inoshanda, kana kushandisa tekinoroji yebiology, yemuviri nehumwe kudzivirira nekudzora zvirwere netumbuyu. Kurudzirai vagadziri vemishonga yezvipembenene nevashandisi, masangano ekutsvagisa sayenzi yezvekurima, makoreji ehunyanzvi nemayunivhesiti, masangano ebasa rezvirwere uye kurwisa zvipembenene, masangano enyanzvi dzezvekurima nehunyanzvi uye mamwe masangano ezvemagariro kuti ape ruzivo rwehunyanzvi, kutungamira uye masevhisi kune vanoshandisa mishonga.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti biopesticides iri kuvimbisa mumusika weHainan.
Parizvino, biopesticides inonyanya kushandiswa muzvirimwa zvemari zvinomiririrwa nemichero nemiriwo, uye Hainan ipurovhinzi hombe ine michero yakapfuma nezvirimwa zvezvirimwa muChina.
Maererano neStatistics Bulletin yeHainan Province's National Economic and Social Development muna 2023, kubva muna 2022, nzvimbo yekukohwa yemiriwo (kusanganisira mavise yemiriwo) muHainan Province ichava mamiriyoni 4.017 mu, uye zvakabuda zvichava mamiriyoni 6.0543; Nzvimbo yekukohwa michero yaive 3.2630 miriyoni mu, uye yakabuda yaive 5.6347 miriyoni matani.
Mumakore achangopfuura, kukuvadzwa kwezvipembenene zvinodzivirira, senge thrips, aphid, zvipembenene uye whitefly, zvave zvichiwedzera gore negore, uye mamiriro ekutonga akakomba. Pasi pemamiriro ekuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye kuwedzera kushanda nesimba uye kukura kwekurima kwegirinhi, Hainan yanga ichiita zano re "kudzivirira nekudzora kwegirinhi". Kuburikidza nemusanganiswa webiopesticides uye yakanyanya-kushanda uye yakaderera-chepfu yemakemikari emishonga yezvipembenene, Hainan yakabatanidza nzira dzekudzivirira nekudzora dzechirwere chemuviri uye tekinoroji yekudzora tupukanana, chirimwa chinokonzerwa nekudzivirira tekinoroji, biopesticide control tekinoroji uye yakanyanya-kushanda uye yakaderera-chepfu kudzora tekinoroji. Inogona kunyatso kurebesa nguva yekudzivirira nekudzora uye kuderedza kuwanda kwekushandisa, kuitira kuti uwane chinangwa chekudzikisa huwandu hwemakemikari emishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene nekuvandudza kunaka kwezvirimwa.
Semuyenzaniso, mukudzora mathrips ecowpea resistance, bazi reHainan remishonga yezvipembenene rinokurudzira kuti varimi vashandise ka1000 mvura yeMetaria anisopliae pamwe ne5.7% Metaria munyu ka2000 pamvura, kuwedzera kumushonga wezvipembenene uye kuwedzera mushonga wezvipembenene, mukuru nezai panguva imwe chete, kuitira kuchengetedza nguva yekudzora kushandiswa.
Zvinogona kufanotaurwa kuti biopesticides ine yakakura kusimudzira uye tarisiro yekushandisa muHainan michero nemusika wemiriwo.
Kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwemishonga inorambidzwa tupukanana kuchatariswa zvakanyanya
Nekuda kwematambudziko edunhu, kurambidzwa kwemishonga yezvipembenene muHainan kwagara kwakaomarara kupfuura izvo zviri kumahombekombe. Musi waKurume 4, 2021, iyo Hainan Provincial Dhipatimendi rekurima uye Rural Affairs yakapa "Rondedzero Yezvakarambidzwa Kugadzira, Kutakura, Kuchengeta, Kutengesa uye Kushandiswa Kwemishonga yePesticides muHainan Special Economic Zone" (yakadzokororwa vhezheni muna 2021). Chiziviso chakaronga mishonga inouraya zvipembenene 73 inorambidzwa, minomwe kupfuura rondedzero yemishonga inorambidzwa inorambidzwa yakagadzirwa neBazi rezvekurima neKumaruwa. Pakati pavo, kutengesa uye kushandiswa kwefenvalerate, butyryl hydrazine (bijo), chlorpyrifos, triazophos, flufenamide zvinorambidzwa zvachose.
Chisungo chechitatu cheZvibvumirano chinoti kugadzirwa, kutakura, kuchengetedza, kushanda uye kushandiswa kwemishonga ine muchetura uye ine muchetura zvakanyanya zvinorambidzwa muHainan Special Economic Zone. Pazvinenge zvakakodzera kugadzira kana kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene ine muchetura wakanyanya kana muchetura zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvido zvakakosha, mvumo ichawanikwa kubva kubazi rezvekurima nemabasa emaruwa rehurumende yevanhu vepurovhinzi. apo mvumo ichawanikwa kubva kubazi rinokwanisa rekurima neNyaya dzekumaruwa reThe State Council maererano nemutemo, zvisungo zvacho zvichateverwa. Dhipatimendi rakakodzera rekurima uye nyaya dzekumaruwa rehurumende yedunhu richashambadzira kuruzhinji uye kudhinda uye kugovera bhuku remhando dzemishonga yezvipembenene uye huwandu hwemashandisirwo ayo anosimudzirwa kugadzirwa, kushanda uye kushandiswa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, kurambidzwa uye kurambidzwa neHurumende nenzvimbo dzakakosha dzehupfumi, uye nekuitumira kunzvimbo dzemusha wekuuraya zvipembenene nenzvimbo dzemahofisi emahofisi evanhu. Kureva kuti, muchikamu chino cherunyorwa chekushandisa chinorambidzwa, ichiri pasi peHainan Special Zone.
Iko hakuna rusununguko rwakakwana, online yekutenga mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene system inonzwika
Kubviswa kweiyo pesticide wholesale franchise system kunoreva kuti kutengesa kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye manejimendi echitsuwa mahara, asi rusununguko harusi rusununguko rwakakwana.
Chisungo chechisere che "Several Provisions" inowedzera kuvandudza hurongwa hwekutonga kwezvinodhaka kuitira kuti ienderane nemamiriro ezvinhu matsva, mafomati matsva uye zvitsva zvinodiwa mumunda wekutenderera kwezvipembenene. Chekutanga, kuisirwa kwemagetsi ledger, vagadziri vemishonga yezvipembenene nevashandisi vanofanirwa kumisa dhizaini yemagetsi kuburikidza nepuratifomu yeruzivo rwezvipembenene, rekodhi yakazara uye yechokwadi yekutenga kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye ruzivo rwekutengesa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti kwainobva uye kwainoenda kwemishonga yezvipembenene inogona kuteverwa. Chechipiri ndechekumisa nekuvandudza hurongwa hwekutenga nekutengesa kwepesticide pamhepo, uye kujekesa kuti kutengesa kwepesticide pamhepo kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvekutonga kwepesticide. Chechitatu ndechekujekesa dhipatimendi rekuongorora nezvekushambadzira mishonga yezvipembenene, zvichiratidza kuti kushambadza kwemishonga yezvipembenene kunofanirwa kuongororwa nekanzuru, dunhu neautonomous County vezvekurima nemaruwa vasati vaburitswa, uye hazvizoburitswa pasina kuongororwa.
Pesticide e-commerce inovhura maitiro matsva
Pamberi pekuburitswa kwe "Zvimwe Zvigadziro", zvigadzirwa zvese zvezvipembenene zvinopinda muHainan hazvigone kuve bhizinesi rekutengesa, uye e-commerce e-pesticide haigone kutaurwa.
Nekudaro, Chisungo chegumi che "Zvipikirwa Zvinoverengeka" chinonongedza kuti avo vanoita bhizinesi rekuuraya zvipembenene kuburikidza neInternet uye mamwe masevhisi eruzivo vanofanirwa kuwana marezinesi ebhizinesi rekuuraya zvipembenene zvinoenderana nemutemo, uye vaenderere mberi vachishambadza marezinesi ebhizinesi ravo, marezinesi ebhizinesi rekuuraya zvipembenene uye rumwe ruzivo chairwo rwune chekuita nebhizinesi munzvimbo ine mukurumbira pane peji rekutanga rewebhusaiti yavo kana peji guru rezviitwa zvebhizinesi ravo. Inofanira kuvandudzwa nekufamba kwenguva.
Izvi zvinorevawo kuti e-commerce e-pesticide, iyo yakanga yakarambidzwa zvakasimba, yakazarura mamiriro acho ezvinhu uye inogona kupinda mumusika weHainan mushure meOctober 1, 2023. Zvisinei, inofanirawo kucherechedzwa kuti "Zvirongwa Zvakawanda" zvinoda kuti zvikwata uye vanhu vanotenga mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene kuburikidza neInternet vanofanira kupa ruzivo rwechokwadi uye runobudirira rwekutenga. Asi hazvina basa, nekuti parizvino, mativi ese ari maviri ekutengeserana kweakakodzera e-commerce chikuva kunyoreswa kwezita chairo kana kunyoreswa.
Vatengesi vezvekurima vanofanira kuita basa rakanaka mushanduko yetekinoroji
Mushure mekushandiswa kwe "Zvimwe Zvigadziro" muna Gumiguru 1, 2023, zvinoreva kuti musika wemishonga yezvipembenene muHainan waita hurongwa hwekutonga hwakabatana nerezinesi rebhizimusi renyika, kureva musika wakabatana. Zvichienderana nekubviswa kwepamutemo kwe "Hainan Special Economic Zone Pesticide wholesale uye retail business recensing Management Measures", zvinoreva kuti pasi pemusika mukuru wakabatana, mutengo wemishonga yezvipembenene muHainan uchave wakatemerwa zvakanyanya nemusika.
Pasina mubvunzo, chinotevera, nekufambira mberi kwekuchinja, kudzokororwa kwemusika wemishonga yezvipembenene muHainan kucharamba kuchiwedzera uye kuwira mukati memukati vhoriyamu: vhoriyamu chiteshi, mitengo yevhoriyamu, vhoriyamu masevhisi.
Indasitiri mukati vakati mushure mekuita kwemonopoly ye "8 munhu wese" yaputswa, nhamba yevatengesi vezvipembenene nezvitoro zvekutengesa muHainan ichawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, mabviro ekutenga achawedzera kusiyanisa, uye mutengo wekutenga uchaderera zvinoenderana; Huwandu hwezvigadzirwa uye kutsanangurwa kwechigadzirwa kuchawedzerawo zvakanyanya, uye nzvimbo yekusarudza yevatengesi vadiki nepakati, vatengesi, uye varimi kutenga zvigadzirwa zvezvipembenene zvichawedzera, uye mutengo wemishonga yevarimi uchaderera zvinoenderana. Makwikwi evamiririri anowedzera, anotarisana nekubviswa kana kushandurazve; Zviteshi zvekutengesa zvekurima zvichave zvipfupi, vagadziri vanogona kusvika zvakananga kune terminal / varimi kupfuura mutengesi; Zvechokwadi, kukwikwidzana kwemusika kuchawedzera kupisa, hondo yemutengo ichave yakanyanya. Kunyanya kune vanogovanisa uye vatengesi muHainan, kukwikwidza kwepakati kunofanirwa kusimuka kubva kune zvigadzirwa kuenda kune nzira yehunyanzvi masevhisi, kubva pakutengesa zvigadzirwa muchitoro kusvika kutengesa tekinoroji nemasevhisi mumunda, uye inzira isingadzivisiki yekushandura kuita mupi webasa rehunyanzvi.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-22-2024