Chidzidzo ichi chakaongorora mhedzisiro yenguva refu yeABW nhatumushonga wezvipembenenemapurogiramu egore negore ekudzora bluegrass uye kunaka kwehuswa hwefairway turfgrass, ese ari ega uye pamwe chete nezvimwe zvakasiyanapaclobutrazolzvirongwa uye kudzora zvipembenene zvinokambaira. Takafungidzira kuti kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene inorwisa zvipembenene inosvika pachiyero chepakati penyika kudzora ABW nekufamba kwenguva kwaizoderedza kuvharwa kwebluegrass pagore mumigwagwa inokambaira yebentgrass uye kuti kushandiswa kwepaclobutrazol mwedzi wega wega kwaizowedzera kudzora.
Nekufamba kwenguva, bvunzo mbiri dzakaitwa uye dzakadzokororwa. Kuedza kwekutanga kwakaitwa kwemakore maviri kubva muna 2017 kusvika 2019 panzvimbo mbiri dzine nhoroondo yeABW. Chidzidzo ichi chakaongorora mapurogiramu matatu ezvipembenene, manejimendi yezvipembenene zvinokambaira, uye kushandiswa kwepaclobutrazol (Trimmit 2SC, Syngenta) pamwedzi pa 0.25 lb active ingredient paeka (16 fl oz product paeka; 280 g ai pahekita) kubva kumbeu yebluegrass yegore negore. . Kupwanya usati wasvika Gumiguru kuti utonge bluegrass yegore negore.
Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa muna 2017 na2018 panhandare yegorofu yakaedzwa kuLoggershot 2 Farm (North Brunswick, NJ) ne bluegrass coverage inofungidzirwa kuti inosvika 85% pakutanga kwekuyedza. Kuyedza uku kwakadzokororwa muna 2018 na2019 panhandare yegorofu kuForest Hills Course Club (Bloomfield Hills, NJ), uko coverage yekuona yakaongororwa pa 15% creeping bentgrass uye 10% perennial black wheat (Lolium perenne L.). Mukuyedza uku, 75% yaive Poa annua.
Kudyara mbeu kwaisanganisira kudyara mbeu dzinokambaira dziri mugwenzi reCreeping Bentgrass 007 nechiyero che1 pound yembeu mhenyu yakachena pa 1,000 square feet (50 kgs pahekita) vhiki imwe chete mushure mekutanga kwechirongwa chemishonga inouraya zvipembenene (ona ruzivo rwechirongwa chemishonga inouraya zvipembenene pazasi). Kurapa kwakadzokororwa kanomwe uye kwakarongwa se2 × 3 × 2 factorial mubhokisi rakasarudzika rine nzvimbo dzakapatsanurwa. Kudyara mbeu sechikamu chakazara, chirongwa chemishonga inouraya zvipembenene sechikamu chevhu, paclobutrazol sechikamu chevhu, 3 x 6 ft (0.9 mx 1.8 m).
Chirongwa ichi chekudzivirira chakagadzirirwa kudzivirira kukuvara kwehuswa hwebhuruu kunoitika gore rega rega mukati memwaka. Chinosanganisira mushonga wezvipembenene unouraya zvipembenene unonzi cyantraniliprole (Ference, Syngenta) unoiswa pachiyero che200 GDD50 (80 GDD10) panguva yekubuda kwemaruva kwedogwood (Cornus florida L.) kudzora mabuu eABW anogadzirwa pakutanga kwechirimo usati washandisa indoxacarb (Provaunt). Wakaiswa pachiyero che350 GDD50 (160 GDD10) apo Catawbiense Michx hybrid yakanga yatumbuka kudzora mabuu emhando yechirimo ari mupenyu, uye Spinosad (Conserve, Dow AgroSciences) yakashandiswa kudzora mabuu erudzi rwekutanga muchirimo.
Zvirongwa zvepakati zvinomisa kushandiswa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene kudzora ABW kusvika huswa munzvimbo dzisina kugadziriswa hwasvika padanho rekuora kwehuswa.
Kuti vaone mhando dzehuswa hwemusango nenzira yakarurama, mapuranga maviri e36 x 36 inches (91 x 91 cm) ane nzvimbo dzakatarisana dzakafanana 100 akaiswa mupurati yega yega. Ziva mhando dziripo panosangana masango pakati paChikumi naGumiguru. Kufukidza kwehuswa hwebhuruu pagore kwaiongororwa nemaziso mwedzi wega wega panguva yekukura kwegore negore pachikero kubva pa0% (pasina kufukidza) kusvika pa100% (kufukidza kwakazara). Hunhu hwehuswa hwemusango hunoongororwa nemaziso pachikero che1 kusvika ku9, uye 6 zvichionekwa sezvinogamuchirwa. Kuti vaongorore kushanda kwechirongwa cheABW chezvipembenene, kuwanda kwemakonye kwakaongororwa uchishandisa munyu kutanga kwaChikumi vasati vakura vatsva.
Ruzivo rwese rwakaongororwa musiyano uchishandisa nzira yeGLIMMIX muSAS (v9.4, SAS Institute) nekudzokorora kwemigumisiro isina kurongeka. Kuedza kwekutanga kwakaongororwa uchishandisa dhizaini yepuratifomu yakapatsanurwa, uye kuedza kwechipiri kwakaongororwa uchishandisa dhizaini yepuratifomu yakapatsanurwa ye2 × 4 factorial. Pazvaidikanwa, bvunzo yeFisher's Protected LSD yakashandiswa kupatsanura nzira (p=0.05). Nzvimbo dzakaongororwa dzakasiyana nekuti kudyidzana nenzvimbo kwakaitika pamazuva akasiyana uye hunhu hwenzvimbo hwakasiyana.
ABW inogona kuderedza kufukidza kwebluegrass pagore mu creeping bentgrass, asi chete kana kukuvara kwakanyanya kwebluegrass pagore kuchibvumidzwa. Mukuyedza uku, hunhu hwehuswa hwese hwakaderedzwa kwenguva pfupi nekukuvadzwa kweABW kusvika pamazinga asingaonekwe seasingagamuchirwi nevamwe vatambi vegorofu. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekuti ruzhinji (60–80%) rwehuswa hwevhu ibluegrass yegore negore. Kukuvadzwa kwecraeping bentgrass ABW haina kumboonekwa uchishandisa nzira yethreshold. Tinofungidzira kuti kuti chirongwa cheABW chezvipembenene chakavakirwa pathreshold chigone kudzora bluegrass yegore negore pasina chirongwa chePGR, tinofungidzira kuti kufukidzwa kwekutanga kwebluegrass pagore kunofanira kunge kwakaderera kuti ABW ikonzere kukuvara kwakakosha pagore kubluegrass pasina kukanganisa hunhu hwehuswa. Kana kukuvara kudiki chete kukabvumidzwa usati wapfapfaidza zvipembenene, izvi zvinoratidza kuti kudzora bluegrass kwegore negore kwenguva refu hakuzove kwakaderera.
Nzira dzekuuraya zvipembenene dzinoshanda zvakanyanya kana dzikasanganiswa nezvirongwa zvekutarisira kukura kwezvirimwa. Takashandisa paclobutrazol muchidzidzo chino, asi fluoropyrimidine inogona kuburitsa mhedzisiro yakafanana. Kana chirongwa cheABW chakavakirwa pachiyero chikashandiswa pasina chirongwa chePGR, kudzvinyirirwa kwebluegrass pagore kunogona kusaenderana kana kusakosha nekuti bluegrass yegore negore inogona kupora nekukurumidza kubva mukukuvadzwa mukupera kwechirimo. Nzira yakanakisa ndeyekutanga kushandisa paclobutrazol mwedzi wega wega muchirimo mushure mekunge misoro yembeu yabvaruka, rega ABW iite kukuvara kusvika isingachagoni kubvumidzwa (vatungamiriri kana vamwe), uye wozoisa larvicides pahuwandu hwakanyanya hwema label kudzora ABW. Chirongwa chinosanganisa nzira idzi mbiri chinopa kutonga kwebluegrass kwegore negore kunoshanda kupfuura chero chirongwa chimwe chete uye chinopa nzvimbo dzekutamba dzemhando yepamusoro kwevhiki imwe kusvika mbiri dzemwaka wekurima.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-25-2024