Zvisikwa kubva kumabheya matema kusvika kumacuckoo zvinopa mhinduro dzechisikigo uye dzinochengetedza nharaunda kudzora zvipembenene zvisingadiwi.
Kare kare kusati kwava nemakemikari nemaspray, makenduru ecitronella neDEET, zvisikwa zvaipa mhuka dzose dzinonetsa vanhu. Mapopoma anodya nhunzi dzinoruma, matatya anodya umhutu, uye anomedza mago.
Kutaura zvazviri, matatya nemakavi anogona kudya umhutu hwakawanda zvekuti ongororo yakaitwa muna 2022 yakawana kuwedzera kwezvirwere zvemalaria kuvanhu muzvikamu zveCentral America nekuda kwezvirwere zvemaamphibian. Zvimwe zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti mamwe makavi anogona kudya umhutu hunosvika chiuru paawa. (Ona kuti sei makavi ari magamba chaiwo ezvisikwa.)
"Mhuka zhinji dzinodzorwa zvakanaka nevavengi vezvisikwa," akadaro Douglas Tallamy, TA Baker Purofesa wezvekurima paYunivhesiti yeDelaware.
Kunyange zvazvo mhando idzi dzekudzivirira zvipembenene dzakakurumbira dzichinyanya kutariswa, dzimwe mhuka dzakawanda dzinopedza mazuva adzo nehusiku dzichitsvaga nekudya zvipembenene zvemuzhizha, dzimwe nguva dzichigadzira hunyanzvi hwekudya mhuka dzadzo. Heano mamwe eanonyanya kusetsa.
Winnie the Pooh angangoda huchi, asi kana bere chairo rikachera mukoko wenyuchi, harisi kutsvaga honye dzinonamira, shuga inotapira, asi honye chena dzakapfava.
Kunyange hazvo mabheya matema ekuAmerica anodya zvinhu zvakawanda kubva kumarara evanhu kusvika kuminda yezuva uye dzimwe nguva anodya shiri dzemusango, dzimwe nguva anonyanya kugadzira zvipembenene, kusanganisira mhando dzemagonyeti anopararira akadai semajaketi eyero.
“Vari kutsvaga makonye,” akadaro David Garshelis, sachigaro weboka renyanzvi dzemabheya reInternational Union for Conservation of Nature. “Ndakaona vachichera matendere avo vobva varumwa, sezvatinoita,” vobva varamba vachidya. (Dzidza kuti mabheya matema ari kupora sei muNorth America yese.)
Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuNorth America, nepo mabheya matema achimirira kuti michero ibve, mhuka dzinodya mhuka dzinogara dzichichengeta huremu hwadzo uye dzinotowedzera mafuta adzo ese nekudya masvosve ane mapuroteni akawanda akadai semasvosve eyellow.
Humwe umhutu, hwakaita seToxorhynchites rutilus septentrionalis, hunowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweUnited States, hunorarama nekudya humwe umhutu. Mabuu eT. septentrionalis anogara mumvura yakamira, senge mumakomba emiti, uye anodya mamwe mabuu madiki emhutu, kusanganisira mhando dzinotapurirana zvirwere zvevanhu. Murabhoritari, gonye rimwe chete reT. septentrionalis mosquito gonye rinogona kuuraya mamwe mabuu eumhutu makumi maviri kusvika makumi mashanu pazuva.
Zvinofadza kuti, zvichienderana nebepa ra2022, makonye aya anouraya vanhu vakawanda asi haadye.
"Kana kuuraya vanhu nechisimba kuchiitika zvega, zvinogona kuwedzera kushanda kweToxoplasma gondii mukudzora umhutu hunosveta ropa," vanyori vanonyora kudaro.
Kune shiri dzakawanda, hapana chinonaka kupfuura zviuru zvemakonye, kunze kwekunge makonye iwayo akafukidzwa nebvudzi rinobaya rinogumbura mukati mako. Asi kwete macuckoo ekuNorth America ane muromo weyero.
Shiri iyi yakakura ine muromo weyero yakajeka inogona kumedza makonye, ichibvisa nguva nenguva mudumbu rayo (ichiita ura hwakafanana netsvina yemazizi) yozotangazve. (Tarisa gonye richishanduka kuita shavishavi.)
Kunyange zvazvo mhando dzakadai sematende caterpillars nematsutso emuchando dziri kuNorth America, huwandu hwadzo hunowedzera nguva nenguva, zvichiita kuti pave nekudya kusingafungidzike kwecuckoo ine muromo weyero, nedzimwe ongororo dzichiratidza kuti dzinogona kudya kusvika mazana emakonye panguva imwe chete.
Hapana mhando yegonye inonyanya kushungurudza zvirimwa kana vanhu, asi inopa chikafu chinokosha kushiri, idzo dzinozodya zvimwe zvipembenene zvakawanda.
Kana ukaona salamander dzvuku rakajeka rekumabvazuva richimhanya munzira iri kumabvazuva kweUnited States, taura nenzwi rekuti "ndatenda."
Idzi shiri dzinorarama kwenguva refu, dzakawanda dzacho dzinorarama kusvika makore 12-15, dzinodya umhutu hunotakura zvirwere pamatanho ese ehupenyu hwadzo, kubva kumakonzo kusvika kumakonzo nevakuru.
JJ Apodaca, mukuru weAmphibian and Reptile Conservancy, haana kukwanisa kutaura kuti honye ngani dzinodyiwa ne eastern salamander pazuva, asi zvisikwa izvi zvine nzara huru uye zvakawanda zvakakwana kuti "zviite" kukanganisa huwandu hwemhutu.
Tanager yezhizha inogona kunge yakanaka nemuviri wayo mutsvuku wakanaka, asi izvi zvingasanyaradza gonye, iro tanager rinokanda mudenga, roritakura richidzokera kumuti rorova bazi kusvika rafa.
Mhuka dzerudzi rweTanagers dzinogara kumaodzanyemba kweUnited States uye dzinotama gore rega rega dzichienda kuSouth America, uko dzinonyanya kudya zvipembenene. Asi kusiyana nedzimwe shiri zhinji, njiva dzerudzi rwezhizha dzinonyanya kuvhima nyuchi nemago.
Kuti dzisarumwe, dzinobata magonye akafanana negonye dzichibva mumhepo uye, kana dzangourayiwa, dzinopukuta mbonje dziri pamapazi emiti dzisati dzadya, sekureva kweCornell Lab of Ornithology.
Tallamy akati kunyange zvazvo nzira dzechisikigo dzekudzivirira zvipembenene dzakasiyana-siyana, "maitiro evanhu echisimba ari kuparadza kusiyana ikoko."
Kazhinji, migumisiro yevanhu yakadai sekurasikirwa nenzvimbo yekugara, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kusvibiswa kwenzvimbo inogona kukuvadza zvikara zvakaita seshiri nezvimwe zvipenyu.
"Hatigone kurarama panyika ino nekuuraya zvipembenene," akadaro Tallamy. "Zvinhu zvidiki ndizvo zvinotonga nyika. Saka tinogona kutarisa pamaitiro ekudzora zvinhu zvisiri zvemazuva ese."
Kodzero Dzese Dzakachengetedzwa © 1996–2015 National Geographic Society. Kodzero Dzese Dzakachengetedzwa © 2015-2024 National Geographic Partners, LLC.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-24-2024