Vatongi vekukurainogona kuvandudza kunaka uye kubereka kwemiti yemichero. Chidzidzo ichi chakaitwa paPalm Research Station muBushehr Province kwemakore maviri akatevedzana uye chaive nechinangwa chekuongorora mhedzisiro yekupfapfaidza usati wakohwa nezvinogadzirisa kukura pahunhu hwefizikisi yemichero ye date palm (Phoenix dactylifera cv. 'Shahabi') pamatanho e halal ne tamar. Mugore rekutanga, michero yemiti iyi yakapfapfaidzwa padanho re kimri uye mugore rechipiri pamatanho e kimri ne hababouk + kimri ne NAA (100 mg/L), GA3 (100 mg/L), KI (100 mg/L), SA (50 mg/L), Put (1.288 × 103 mg/L) uye mvura yakasanganiswa senzira yekudzora. Kupfapfaidza foliar kwezvose zvinodzora kukura kwemiti pamapoka e date cultivar 'Shahabi' padanho re kimry hakuna kukanganisa zvakanyanya pamatanho akadai sehurefu hwemichero, dhayamita, huremu uye vhoriyamu zvichienzaniswa nekutonga, asi kupfapfaidza foliar neNAAuye kusvika pamwero wakati Put padanho rehababouk + kimry zvakakonzera kuwedzera kukuru kwezviyero izvi padanho rehalal netamar. Kupfapfaidza foliar nemidziyo yese inodzora kukura kwakaita kuti huremu hwepulp huwedzere zvakanyanya padanho rehalal netamar. Padanho rekutumbuka, huremu hwebunch nechikamu chegoho zvakawedzera zvakanyanya mushure mekupfapfaidza foliar nePut, SA,GA3uye kunyanya NAA zvichienzaniswa nekudzora. Kazhinji, chikamu chekudonha kwemichero chakakwira zvakanyanya nematanho ese ekukura sefoliar spray padanho rehababouk + kimry zvichienzaniswa nekupfapfaidza foliar padanho rekimry. Kupfapfaidza foliar padanho rekimri zvakaderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwekudonha kwemichero, asi kupfapfaidza foliar neNAA, GA3 neSA padanho rehababook + kimri zvakawedzera zvakanyanya huwandu hwekudonha kwemichero zvichienzaniswa nekudzora. Kupfapfaidza foliar nePGR dzese padanho rekimri nehababook + kimri zvakakonzera kudzikira kukuru kwechikamu cheTSS pamwe nechikamu chemacarbohydrate ese zvichienzaniswa nekudzora padanho rehalal netamar. Kupfapfaidza foliar nePGR dzese padanho rekimri nehababook + kimri zvakakonzera kuwedzera kukuru kwechikamu cheTA padanho rehalal zvichienzaniswa nekudzora.
Kuwedzerwa kwe100 mg/L NAA nejekiseni kwakawedzera huremu hwebundu uye hunhu hwemichero hwakavandudzika sehuremu, kureba, dhayamita, saizi, pulp percentage uye TSS mumhando yemuti wemuti wemuchindwe wedate 'Kabkab'. Zvisinei, huremu hwezviyo, acidity percentage uye shuga isingaderedzi hazvina kuchinjwa. Exogenous GA haina kukanganisa zvakanyanya pulp percentage pamatanho akasiyana ekukura kwemichero uye NAA yaive nehuwandu hwepulp percentage hwakanyanya8.
Ongororo dzakabatana dzakaratidza kuti kana huwandu hweIAA hwasvika 150 mg/L, huwandu hwekudonha kwemichero yemhando mbiri dzejujube hunodzikira zvakanyanya. Kana huwandu hwacho hwakwira, huwandu hwekudonha kwemichero hunowedzera. Mushure mekushandisa izvi zvinodzora kukura, huremu hwemichero, dhayamita uye huremu hwebundu zvinowedzera ne11.
Mhando yeShahabi imhando yemadate madiki uye inodzivirira mvura shoma. Zvakare,
Muchero uyu une nzvimbo yakakura yekuchengetera michero. Nekuda kwehunhu uhwu, unorimwa wakawanda mudunhu reBushehr. Asi chimwe chezvakaipa zvacho ndechekuti muchero uyu hauna ganda rakawanda uye dombo guru. Nokudaro, chero kuedza kuvandudza huwandu uye mhando yemuchero, kunyanya kuwedzera saizi yemuchero, huremu uye, pakupedzisira, goho, kunogona kuwedzera mari inowanikwa nevarimi.
Saka, chinangwa chechidzidzo ichi chaive chekuvandudza hunhu hwemuviri nemakemikari emichero yemichindwe uchishandisa zvinodzora kukura kwezvirimwa uye kusarudza sarudzo yakanakisa.
Kunze kwePut, takagadzira mishonga yese iyi zuva risati rasvika rekuti tipfure miti uye takaichengeta mufiriji. Muchidzidzo ichi, mushonga wePut wakagadzirwa pazuva rekupfure miti. Takaisa mushonga wekukura unodiwa kumasumbu emichero tichishandisa nzira yekupfure miti. Saka, mushure mekusarudza miti yaidiwa mugore rekutanga, masumbu matatu emichero akasarudzwa kubva kumativi akasiyana emuti wega wega padanho reKimry muna Chivabvu, mushonga waidiwa wakashandiswa kumasumbu, uye akaiswa mazita. Mugore rechipiri, kukosha kwedambudziko kwaida shanduko, uye mugore iroro masumbu mana akasarudzwa kubva pamuti wega wega, maviri acho aive padanho rehababuk muna Kubvumbi uye akapinda padanho reKimry muna Chivabvu. Masumbu maviri emichero chete kubva pamuti wega wega wakasarudzwa aive padanho reKimry, uye zvinodzora kukura zvakaiswa. Sprayer yemaoko yakashandiswa kuisa mushonga uye kunamira mavara. Kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanaka, pfapfaidza masumbu emichero mangwanani-ngwanani. Takasarudza michero yakasiyana-siyana kubva muboka rega rega padanho re halal muna Chikumi uye padanho re tamar muna Gunyana uye takaita zviyero zvinodiwa zvemichero kuti tidzidze mhedzisiro yezvinogadzirisa kukura zvakasiyana pahunhu hwe physicochemical hwemichero yemhando yeShahabi. Kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvezvirimwa kwakaitwa zvichienderana nemitemo nemasangano, yenyika nedzepasi rose, uye mvumo yakawanikwa yekuunganidza zvinhu zvezvirimwa.
Kuti tiyere huwandu hwemichero padanho reHalal neTamar, takasarudza michero gumi kubva muboka rega rega remichero yakaenzana neboka rega rega rekurapa uye takayera huwandu hwemichero yese mushure mekunyudzwa mumvura ndokuipatsanura negumi kuti tiwane huwandu hwemichero.
Kuti tiyere huwandu hwemupunga padanho reHalal neTamar, takasarudza michero gumi kubva muboka rega rega reboka rega rega rekurapwa uye takayera huremu hwayo tichishandisa chikero chemagetsi. Takazoparadzanisa mupunga kubva pakati, tikayera chikamu chimwe nechimwe zvakasiyana, uye takaparadzanisa huwandu hwese ne10 kuti tiwane huremu hwemupunga. Huremu hwemupunga hunogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa fomura inotevera1,2.
Kuti tiyere huwandu hwehunyoro padanho reHalal neTamar, takayera 100 g yepulp itsva kubva muboka rega rega rekurapa tichishandisa chikero chemagetsi uye takaibika muovheni pa70 °C kwemwedzi mumwe chete. Zvadaro, takayera sampuli yakaomeswa uye takaverenga huwandu hwehunyoro tichishandisa fomura inotevera:
Kuti tiongorore mwero wekudonha kwemichero, takaverenga huwandu hwemichero mumasumbu mashanu uye takaverenga mwero wekudonha kwemichero tichishandisa fomura inotevera:
Takabvisa michero yese kubva pamichindwe yakacheneswa ndokuiyera pachikero. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemichero pamuti mumwe nemumwe uye chinhambwe chiri pakati pekudyara, takakwanisa kuverenga kuwedzera kwegoho.
pH yemuto inoratidza acidity kana alkalinity yawo padanho re halal ne tamar. Takasarudza michero gumi kubva muboka rega rega muboka rega rega rekuyedza uye takayera 1 g ye pulp. Takawedzera 9 ml yemvura yakasanganiswa mumushonga wekuburitsa uye takayera pH yemuchero tichishandisa JENWAY 351018 pH meter.
Kupfapfaidza michero nemidziyo yose inodzora kukura kwayo padanho reKimry kwakaderedza zvakanyanya kudonha kwemichero zvichienzaniswa nekudzora (Mufananidzo 1). Pamusoro pezvo, kupfapfaidza michero neNAA pamhando dzehababuk + kimry kwakawedzera zvakanyanya kudonha kwemichero zvichienzaniswa neboka rekutonga. Chikamu chepamusoro chekudonha kwemichero (71.21%) chakaonekwa nekupfapfaidza michero neNAA padanho rehababuk + kimry, uye chikamu chakaderera chekudonha kwemichero (19.00%) chakaonekwa nekupfapfaidza michero neGA3 padanho reKimry.
Pakati pemishonga yese, huwandu hweTSS padanho reHalal hwaive hwakaderera zvakanyanya pane hwepadanho reTamar. Kupfapfaidza nefoliar nePGR dzese padanho reKimri neHababuk + Kimri kwakaita kuti huwandu hweTSS padanho reHalal neTamar huderere zvichienzaniswa nekutonga (Mufananidzo 2A).
Mhedzisiro yekupfapfaidza mashizha nemidziyo yese inodzora kukura pahunhu hwemakemikari (A: TSS, B: TA, C: pH naD: makabhohaidhiretsi ese) padanho reKhababuck neKimry. Avhareji yehuwandu hunotevera mabhii akafanana mukoramu yega yega haina kusiyana zvakanyanya pa p< 0.05 (bvunzo yeLSD). Isa putrescine, SA - salicylic acid (SA), NAA - naphthylacetic acid, KI - kinetin, GA3 - gibberellic acid.
Padanho re halal, vese vanodzora kukura kwezvirimwa vakawedzera zvakanyanya TA yemuchero wese, pasina mutsauko wakakura pakati pavo zvichienzaniswa neboka rekutonga (Mufananidzo 2B). Munguva yetamar, huwandu hweTA hwefoliar sprays hwakanga hwakaderera munguva ye kababuk + kimri. Zvisinei, hapana mutsauko wakakura wakawanikwa kune chero vanodzora kukura kwezvirimwa, kunze kweNAA foliar sprays munguva ye kimri ne kimri + kababuk uye GA3 foliar sprays munguva ye kababuk + kababuk. Padanho iri, TA yepamusoro (0.13%) yakaonekwa ichipindura NAA, SA, neGA3.
Zvatakawana pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwehunhu hwemichero (kureba, dhayamita, huremu, vhoriyamu uye huwandu hwepulp) mushure mekushandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa kukura pamiti yejujube zvinoenderana nedata reHesami neAbdi8.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-17-2025