Takaongorora mishonga yekuuraya fungi paWilliam H. Daniel Turfgrass Research and Diagnostic Center paPurdue University muWest Lafayette, Indiana. Takaedza mishonga yegirini pa creeping bentgrass 'Crenshaw' ne'Pennlinks' greens.
Mufananidzo 1: Kurapa fungicide yeCrenshaw bentgrass. Kushandiswa kwekupedzisira kwakaendeswa musi wa30 Nyamavhuvhu yeMaxtima neTraction uye Nyamavhuvhu 23 yeXzemplar. Miseve inoratidza nguva yekushandiswa kwemazuva gumi nemana (Xzemlar) uye mazuva makumi maviri nerimwe (Maxtima neTraction) yefungicide yega yega.
Kubva musi wa1 Kubvumbi kusvika 29 Gunyana, 2023, tichacheka miriwo yese kashanu pasvondo pa 0.135 inches. Takashandisa 4 fl. Wetting agent Excalibur (Aqua-Aid Solutions) pamiriwo yese musi wa9 Chikumi na28. oz/1000 sq. ft. mutengo musi wa20 Chikunguru waive 2.7 fl oz. oz/1000 sq. ft. kuderedza nzvimbo dzakaoma dziri munzvimbo iyoyo.
Takazoisa Fleet wetting agent (2.7 fl oz/1000 sq ft) pamiti yemiriwo musi wa16 Nyamavhuvhu kuti tidzivise nzvimbo dzakaoma dziri munzvimbo iyoyo.
Takashandisa maTempo SC fluids mapfumbamwe (cyfluthrin, Envu). oz/ekare uye Meridian (Thiamethoxam, Syngenta) 12 fl oz. Chikumi 9 oz/ekare yekudzivirira masvosve. Takaisa 0.5 lb yefetereza yenitrogen musi wa10 Chikumi na2 Gunyana tichishandisa Country Club MD (18-3-18, Lebanon Lawn). N/1000 square feet
Mapuratifomu edu ekuyedza aive nehukuru hwemamita mashanu neshanu uye akagadzirwa achishandisa dhizaini yemabhuroko akakwana asina kurongeka ane makopi mana. Shandisa sprayer ine simba reCO2 pa50 psi uye mapombi matatu eTeeJet 8008 flat spray akaenzana nemagaroni maviri / 1000 square feet emvura.
Muzvidzidzo zvese zviri zviviri (Kuedza 1 neKuedza 2), takatanga kurapwa kwese musi wa17 Chivabvu, nguva yekupedzisira yekupa mishonga ichisiyana zvichienderana nekurapa (Tafura 1). Musi wa1 Chikunguru, takashandisa muchina wekuparadzira nemaoko kuti tigovere zvakaenzana mbeu yerye ine dollar spot pamwero we12.5 cc pamubhedha. Tobva tasiya mbeu yerye pamusoro pehuswa kwemazuva mana tisati tacheka.
Takaongorora kuoma kwenzvimbo dzine chirwere ichi zvichienderana nehuwandu hwenzvimbo dzine chirwere panzvimbo yacho. Nzvimbo iri pasi pechirwere ichi (AUDPC) yakaverengerwa uchishandisa nzira yetrapezoidal tichishandisa fomura Σ [(yi + yi+1)/2] [ti+1 − ti], apo i = 1,2,3, … n -1, apo yi – rating, ti – nguva ye rating ye i-th. Data rakaongororwa nekusiyana uye kupatsanurwa kwepakati (P=0.05) tichishandisa bvunzo yaFisher's protected LSD.
Takatanga kuona mutsauko mukudzora nzvimbo dzekurapa nedhora musi wa31 Chivabvu. Musi wa13 Chikumi, kuoma kwenzvimbo dzekurapa nedhora muchirongwa kwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura mune dzimwe nzira dzekurapa (Mufananidzo 1). Kusiyana neizvi, kuoma kwenzvimbo dzekurapa nedhora musi wa20 Chikunguru kwakaderera pane kumwe kurapwa.
Musi wa2 Nyamavhuvhu, nzvimbo idzi dzakarapwa ne1.3 fl yeTraction (fluazimide, tebuconazole, Nupharm). oz/1000 sq. ft. - Mutengo wemazuva makumi maviri nerimwe mumadhora ekuAmerica wakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura wemapasuru akarapwa neMaxtima (fluconazole, BASF) 0.4 oz. oz/1000 sq. feet munguva imwe chete. Musi wa16 na28 Gunyana, mavhiki maviri nemana mushure mekushandiswa kwekupedzisira, zvichiteerana, nzvimbo dzakarapwa neTraction dzaive nemadhora akawanda kupfuura Maxtima uye dzaive neAUDPC yakaderera zvakanyanya kupfuura kudzora.
Takatanga kuona kukosha kwemari musi wa7 Chikunguru. Kubva musi wa7 Chikunguru, nzvimbo dzese dzakarapwa dzakanga dzisingasviki imwe chete yechirwere panzvimbo imwe neimwe. Pakanga pasina musiyano wekurapwa mukati mekuedza uku. Huwandu hweAUDPC munzvimbo dzese dzakarapwa hwakanga hwakaderera zvakanyanya pane huri munzvimbo dzisina kurapwa (Tafura 1).
Daniel Turfgrass Research and Diagnostic Center yePurdue University yakaongorora kushanda kwemishonga yekuuraya fungi pahuswa hwakakura uye hwakazvimiririra hunokambaira.
Kubva musi wa1 Kubvumbi kusvika 1 Gumiguru, chekai katatu pasvondo kusvika pakureba kwemainji 0.5. Takaisa Ference (cyantraniliprole, Syngenta) musi wa30 Chikumi pa 0.37 fl. oz/1000 sq. ft. yekudzivirira ganda dema. Musi wa20 Chikunguru, takashandisa Excalibur inonyorovesa ine mwero we 2.7 fl. oz/1000 sq. ft. kuderedza nzvimbo dzakaoma dziri munzvimbo iyoyo.
Takashandisa Fleet moisturizing agent (Harrell's) musi wa16 Nyamavhuvhu mu 3 fl. oz/1000 sq. ft. kuderedza nzvimbo dzakaoma dziri munzvimbo iyoyo. Takazoisa 0.75 lbs yenitrogen musi wa24 Chivabvu tichishandisa Shaw (24-0-22). N/1000 sq. ft. Gunyana 13, 1.0 lbs. N/1000 square feet.
Mapuratifomu acho aiva nehukuru hwemamita mashanu negumi uye akarongwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine makopi mana. Shandisa sprayer ine simba reCO2 pa45 psi uye mapombi matatu eTeeJet 8008 akapfapfaidzwa akaenzana ne1 galoni/1000 square feet emvura.
Takashandisa mushonga wekutanga wefungicide musi wa19 Chivabvu uye wekupedzisira musi wa18 Nyamavhuvhu. Tsanga dzeRye dzakabatwa nechirwere chedollar spot dzakashandiswa zvakaenzana nemuchina wekuparadzira zvirimwa musi wa27 Chikumi na1 Chikunguru pachiyero che11 cm3 ne12 cm3 pamunda wega wega, zvichiteerana. Tobva tasiya tsanga dzeRye pamusoro pehuswa kwemazuva mana tisati tacheka.
Kuoma kwechirwere kwakaongororwa mavhiki maviri ega ega muchidzidzo chose. Kuoma kwechirwere kwakaongororwa nekutarisa chikamu chenzvimbo yakakanganiswa panzvimbo yega yega. Nzvimbo iri pasi pe pressure curve yechirwere (AUDPC) yakaverengwa uchishandisa nzira ye trapezoidal yakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa. Data rakaongororwa kusiyana uye kupatsanurwa kwepakati (P=0.05) uchishandisa bvunzo yaFisher's protected LSD.
Takatanga kuona madota edora (<0.3% kuoma, maronda ane hutachiona 0.2 panzvimbo imwe neimwe) musi wa1 Chikumi, uye huwandu hwawo hwakawedzera mushure mekubayiwa. Musi wa20 Chikunguru, nzvimbo idzi dzakarapwa neEncartis (boscalid nechlorothalonil, BASF) 3 fl. oz/1000 sq. ft – mazuva gumi nemana uye 4 fl oz/1000 sq. ft. – mazuva makumi maviri nemasere, Daconil Ultrex (chlorothalonil, Syngenta) 2.8 fl oz/1000 sq. ft. – mazuva gumi nemana, nzvimbo dzakarapwa dzakarongwa dzaiva nemadota mashoma kupfuura dzimwe nzvimbo dzese dzakarapwa uye nzvimbo dzekudzivirira dzisina kurapwa.
Kubva musi wa20 Chikunguru kusvika 15 Gunyana, nzvimbo dzese dzakarapwa dzakanga dzisina hutachiona hwakawanda kupfuura nzvimbo dzisina kurapwa. Nzvimbo dzakarapwa neEncartis (3 fl oz/1000 sq ft – mazuva gumi nemana), Encartis (3.5 fl oz/1000 sq ft – mazuva makumi maviri nerimwe) Gunyana 2, mavhiki maviri mushure mekuiswa kwekupedzisira (WFFA) d), Xzemplar (fluxapyroxad, BASF) 0.21 fl. ounce/1000 sq. ft. – mazuva makumi maviri nerimwe, Xzemlar (0.26 oz/1000 sq. ft. – mazuva makumi maviri nerimwe) nenzvimbo dzakarapwa nechirongwa dzakanga dzisina huremu hwakanyanya.
Musi wa3 na16 Nyamavhuvhu, mitengo yeEncartis nenguva dzekupedzisira dzekushandisa hazvina kukanganisa zvakanyanya kudzora mari yeUS. Zvisinei, musi wa2 na15 Gunyana (WFFA 2 na4), nzvimbo dzaive nemukana wekurapwa neEncartis (3 fl oz/1000 sq ft – mazuva gumi nemana) uye Encartis (3.5 fl oz/1000 sq ft). . . – mazuva makumi maviri nerimwe) ine simba rakaderera reUSD rekudzivirira mavara pane Encartis (4 fl oz/1000 sq ft – mazuva makumi maviri nemasere).
Kusiyana neizvi, mutsauko wehuwandu hwekushandiswa uye nguva yekurapwa kweXzemplar neMaxtima hauna kukanganisa zvakanyanya kuoma kwedollar spots panguva yekudzidza. Kuwanda kwekushandiswa kweDaconil Action (3 fl oz/1000 sq ft) yakasanganiswa neSecure Action hakuna kukonzera kudzikira kwedollar spot. Musi wa2 Gunyana, nzvimbo yekudzivirira hutachiona yeXzemplar's Dollar Point yakarapa nzvimbo shoma pane Maxtima.
Huwandu hweAUDPC hwenzvimbo dzese dzakarapwa hwakanga hwakaderera zvakanyanya pane hwenzvimbo dzisina kurapwa. Kuoma kwenzvimbo dzisina kubatwa nedollar kwaive kwakaderera nguva dzose muzvirongwa muchirongwa ichi mukati mekudzidza, neAUDPC yakaderera pane dzose dzakarapwa.
Nzvimbo dzakarapwa neDaconil Ultrex chete dzaive neAUDPC yakakwira kupfuura nzvimbo dzakarapwa nemishonga yese kunze kwedziya dzakarapwa ne0.5 ml Secure (fluridinium, Syngenta). oz/1000 sq. ft. – mazuva makumi maviri nerimwe) Daconil Action (2 fl oz/1000 sq ft) uye Secure Action (azibendazole-S-methyl uye fluazinam, Syngenta) 0.5 fl. oz/1000 sq. ft. – mazuva makumi maviri nerimwe Hapana phytotoxicity yakaonekwa muchidzidzo chose.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-16-2024