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Kushongedza mashizha emiti ane chimiro chakasvibirira anokosheswa zvakanyanya.Imwe nzira yekuita izvi ndeyekushandisachirimwa kukura regulatorssematurusi ekukura kwezvirimwa.Chidzidzo ichi chakaitwa paSchefflera dwarf (chirimwa chemashizha chinoshongedza) chinorapwa nemashizha espray.gibberellic aciduye benzyladenine hormone mune greenhouse ine mhute yekudiridza system.Hormone yakapfapfaidzwa pamashizha e dwarf schefflera pazvikamu zve 0, 100 uye 200 mg/l mumatanho matatu mazuva gumi nemashanu ega ega.Kuedza kwakaitwa pachitarisiko muchimiro chakazara chisina kujairika chine zvidzokororo zvina.Iko kusanganiswa kwegibberellic acid uye benzyladenine pamusangano we 200 mg / l yakave nemigumisiro inokosha pahuwandu hwemashizha, nzvimbo yemashizha uye urefu hwemiti.Kurapa uku kwakagumawo nepamusoro-soro yezvinyorwa zvephotosynthetic pigments.Mukuwedzera, iyo yepamusoro-soro ye-soluble carbohydrates uye kuderedza shuga yakaonekwa ne benzyladenine pa 100 uye 200 mg / L uye gibberellic acid + benzyladenine pa 200 mg / L.Stepwise regression analysis yakaratidza kuti midzi yemidzi ndiyo yekutanga kuchinja kupinda mumuenzaniso, ichitsanangura 44% yekusiyana.Mutsauko unotevera waive mutsva midzi, ine bivariate modhi ichitsanangura 63% yekusiyana kwenhamba yemashizha.Mhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo panhamba yeshizha yakaitwa nehuremu hutsva hwemidzi (0.43), iyo yaive yakabatana nenhamba yeshizha (0.47).Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti gibberellic acid uye benzyladenine pamusangano we 200 mg / l zvakanyanya kuvandudza morphological kukura, chlorophyll uye carotenoid synthesis yeLiriodendron tulipifera, uye yakaderedza zvinyorwa zveshuga uye zvinonyunguduka makhahydrates.
Schefflera arborescens (Hayata) Merr inogara yakasvibira inoyevedza chirimwa chemhuri yeAraliaceae, yakaberekerwa kuChina neTaiwan1.Ichi chirimwa chinowanzokura sechirimwa chemba, asi chirimwa chimwe chete chinogona kukura mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.Mashizha ane kubva pa5 kusvika ku16 mapepa, rimwe nerimwe 10-20 cm2 kureba.Dwarf Schefflera inotengeswa yakawanda gore rega rega, asi nzira dzemazuva ano dzekurima hadziwanzo kushandiswa.Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kwezvinomera zvinokura zvigadziriso sezvishandiso zvekutonga zvinobudirira zvekuvandudza kukura uye kugadzirwa kwakasimba kwezvigadzirwa zvehorticultural zvinoda kutariswa zvakanyanya.Nhasi, kushandiswa kwezvinomera zvinomera zvinokura zvakawedzera zvakanyanya3,4,5.Gibberellic acid inodzora kukura kwechirimwa inogona kuwedzera goho rezvirimwa6.Imwe yemhedzisiro yayo inozivikanwa ndeyekukurudzira kukura kwezvinomera, kusanganisira kudzinde nemidzi kureba uye kuwedzera kweshizha nzvimbo7.Iyo inonyanya kukosha mhedzisiro yegibberellins kuwedzera kwehunde kureba nekuda kwekurebesa kweinternodes.Kupfapfaidza foliar kwegibberellins pamiti miduku isingakwanisi kuburitsa gibberellins kunoguma nekuwedzera kureba kwedzinde uye kureba kwechirimwa8.Kupfapfaidza foliar kwemaruva nemashizha ane gibberellic acid pamwero we500 mg/l kunogona kuwedzera kureba kwechirimwa, nhamba, kufara nekureba kwemashizha9.Gibberellins yakanzi inokurudzira kukura kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emiti yemashizha10.Stem elongation yakaonekwa muScots pine (Pinussylvestris) uye white spruce (Piceaglauca) apo mashizha akapfapfaidzwa negibberellic acid11.
Imwe ongororo yakaongorora mhedzisiro yeatatu cytokinin chirimwa kukura regulators pane lateral bazi rekuumbwa muLily officinalis.bend Miedzo yakaitwa mumatsutso uye muchirimo kudzidza mwaka nemhedzisiro.Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti kinetin, benzyladenine uye 2-prenyladenine hazvina kukanganisa kuumbwa kwemamwe matavi.Zvisinei, 500 ppm benzyladenine yakakonzera kuumbwa kwe12.2 uye 8.2 matavi anotsigira mumatsutso uye matsutso ekuedza, maererano, zvichienzaniswa ne4,9 uye 3.9 matavi mumiti yekudzora.Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti marapirwo echirimo anoshanda kupfuura iwo echando12.Mune kumwe kuedza, Peace Lily var.Tassone zvinomera zvakabatwa ne 0, 250 uye 500 ppm benzyladenine mu 10 cm dhayamita hari.Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti kurapwa kwevhu kwakawedzera zvakanyanya kuwanda kwemashizha ekuwedzera kana achienzaniswa nekutonga uye miti inobatwa nebenzyladenine.Mashizha matsva ekuwedzera akaonekwa mavhiki mana mushure mekurapwa, uye kugadzirwa kwemashizha kwakanyanya kwakaonekwa mavhiki masere mushure mekurapwa.Pamasvondo makumi maviri mushure mekurapwa, zvirimwa zvakagadziriswa ivhu zvaive neurefu hushoma pane zvinomera zvakagara zvagadzirwa13.Izvo zvakataurwa kuti benzyladenine pamusangano we 20 mg / L inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya urefu hwemiti uye nhamba yemashizha muCroton 14. Mu calla lily, benzyladenine pamusangano we 500 ppm yakakonzera kuwedzera kwenhamba yematavi, nepo nhamba. emapazi ndiye aive mashoma muboka rekutonga15.Chinangwa chechidzidzo ichi chaive chekuongorora kupfapfaidza kwefoliar kwegibberellic acid nebenzyladenine kuvandudza kukura kweSchefflera dwarfa, chirimwa chekushongedza.Aya magadzirirwo ekukura kwezvirimwa anogona kubatsira varimi vekutengesa kuronga kugadzirwa kwakakodzera gore rose.Hapana zvidzidzo zvakaitwa kuvandudza kukura kweLiriodendron tulipifera.
Chidzidzo ichi chakaitwa muIndoor plant research greenhouse yeIslamic Azad University muJiloft, Iran.Uniform midzi transplants ye dwarf schefflera 25 ± 5 masendimita pakureba yakagadzirwa (yakaparadzirwa mwedzi mitanhatu isati yaedzwa) uye yakadyarwa muhari.Poto ipurasitiki, dema, ine dhayamita 20 cm uye kureba 30 cm16.
Chimiro chetsika muchidzidzo ichi chaive musanganiswa wepeat, humus, jecha rakashambidzwa uye mhunga yemupunga muchiyero che1: 1: 1: 1 (nehuwandu)16.Isai hurungudo pazasi pepoto kuitira mvura.Avhareji yetembiricha yemasikati neyehusiku mugreenhouse mukupera kwechirimo nechirimo yaive 32±2°C uye 28±2°C, zvichiteerana.Hunyoro hunyoro hunosvika>70%.Shandisai misting system pakudiridzira.Paavhareji, zvinomera zvinodiridzwa ka12 pazuva.Muchirimo nezhizha, nguva yekudiridza imwe neimwe maminitsi masere, nguva yekudiridza iawa imwe.Zvirimwa zvakakura zvakafanana kane, 2, 4, 6 uye 8 masvondo mushure mekudyara, ine micronutrient solution (Ghoncheh Co., Iran) pamusangano we3 ppm uye kudiridza ne 100 ml yemhinduro nguva imwe neimwe.Mushonga wekudya unovaka muviri une N 8 ppm, P 4 ppm, K 5 ppm uye kutsvaga zvinhu Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Mo uye B.
Zvikamu zvitatu zvegibberellic acid uye benzyladenine yekukura kwechirimwa (yakatengwa kubva kuSigma) yakagadzirirwa pa 0, 100 uye 200 mg / L uye yakapfapfaidzwa pamiti yemiti mumatanho matatu panguva yemazuva gumi nemashanu17.Pakati pe20 (0.1%) (yakatengwa kubva kuSigma) yakashandiswa mukugadzirisa kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo hurefu uye kutora.Mangwanani-ngwanani, pfapfaidza mahomoni pabuds nemashizha eLiriodendron tulipifera uchishandisa sprayer.Zvirimwa zvinopfapfaidzwa nemvura yakasvibiswa.
Kureba kwechirimwa, dhayamita yetsinde, nzvimbo yemashizha, chlorophyll content, nhamba yeinternodes, kureba kwematavi echipiri, nhamba yematavi echipiri, midzi yemidzi, kureba kwemashizha, midzi, dzinde uye yakaoma fresh matter, zviri mukati mephotosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll). a, chlorophyll b) Total chlorophyll, carotenoids, total pigments), kuderedza shuga uye soluble carbohydrates zvakayerwa mukurapa kwakasiyana.
Huwandu hwechlorophyll hwemashizha madiki hwakayerwa mazuva 180 mushure mekupfapfaidza pachishandiswa chlorophyll mita (Spad CL-01) kubva na9:30 kusvika 10 am (nekuda kwekutsva kwemashizha).Pamusoro pezvo, nzvimbo yeshizha yakayerwa mazuva 180 mushure mekupfapfaidza.Weresa mashizha matatu kubva kumusoro, pakati nepasi pedzinde kubva mupoto yega yega.Mashizha aya anobva ashandiswa sematemplate pabepa reA4 uye mhedzisiro yacho inotemwa.Huremu uye nzvimbo yeimwe pepa reA4 bepa zvakayerwa zvakare.Ipapo iyo nzvimbo yemashizha e stenciled inoverengwa uchishandisa zviyero.Pamusoro pezvo, huwandu hwemudzi hwakatemerwa uchishandisa silinda yakapedza kudzidza.Kuoma kweshizha, huremu hwakaoma, huremu hwakaoma, uye huremu hwakaoma hwemuenzaniso wega wega zvakayerwa nekuomeswa kweovheni pa72 ° C kwemaawa makumi mana nemasere.
Zviri muchlorophyll uye carotenoids zvakayerwa neLichtenthaler method18.Kuti aite izvi, 0.1 g yemashizha matsva akakuyiwa mudhaka revhu rine 15 ml ye80% acetone, uye mushure mekusefa, kupenya kwavo kwakayerwa pachishandiswa spectrophotometer pawavelengths ye663.2, 646.8 uye 470 nm.Gadzirisa mudziyo uchishandisa 80% acetone.Verenga huwandu hwephotosynthetic pigments uchishandisa inotevera equation:
Pakati pavo, Chl a, Chl b, Chl T uye Mota inomiririra chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, yakazara chlorophyll uye carotenoids, zvichiteerana.Mhedzisiro inoratidzwa mumg/ml chirimwa.
Kuderedza shuga kwakayerwa uchishandisa nzira yeSomogy19.Kuti uite izvi, 0.02 g yemiti yemiti inoputirwa muvhu revhu ne 10 ml yemvura yakasvibiswa uye inodururirwa mugirazi duku.Pisa girazi kusvika pamota uye wozosefa zviri mukati uchishandisa Whatman No. 1 sefa bepa kuti uwane chinomera chirimwa.Chinja 2 ml yega yega yega muchubhu yekuyedza uye wedzera 2 ml yemhangura sulfate mhinduro.Ivhara test tube nekotoni wool uye kupisa mumvura yekugeza pa 100 ° C kwemaminitsi makumi maviri.Panguva ino, Cu2+ inoshandurwa kuita Cu2O nekuderedzwa kwealdehyde monosaccharide uye salmon (terracotta) ruvara runoonekwa pazasi pe test tube.Mushure mekunge test tube yatonhora, wedzera 2 ml ye phosphomolybdic acid uye ruvara rwebhuruu ruchaonekwa.Kuzunungusa chubhu nesimba kusvikira ruvara rwuri kugovaniswa muhubhu yose.Verenga kunyura kwemhinduro pa600 nm uchishandisa spectrophotometer.
Verenga huwandu hwekudzikisa shuga uchishandisa yakajairwa curve.Iko kusanganiswa kwemacarbohydrates anonyungudika kwakatemwa neFales method20.Kuti uite izvi, 0.1 g yezvimera yakasanganiswa ne 2.5 ml ye80% ethanol pa 90 ° C kwemaminetsi makumi matanhatu (matanho maviri e30 min imwe neimwe) kubvisa makabhohaidhiretsi akanyunguduka.Doro racho rinobva rasefa uye doro rinobuda.Iyo inokonzeresa precipitate inonyungudika mu 2.5 ml yemvura yakasvibiswa.Dururira 200 ml yemuenzaniso wega wega muchubhu yekuyedza uye wedzera 5 ml yeanthrone chiratidzo.Iko kusanganiswa kwakaiswa mubhati remvura pa 90 ° C kwemaminitsi gumi nematanhatu, uye mushure mekutonhora, kutora kwayo kwakagadziriswa pa 625 nm.
Chiyedzo chaive chiyedzo chefactorial chakavakirwa padhizaini yakasarudzika ine zvidzokororo zvina.Iyo PROC UNIVARIATE maitiro inoshandiswa kuongorora iyo yakajairwa yekugovera data isati yaongororwa yekusiyana.Kuongorora kwenhamba kwakatanga nekutsanangurwa kwenhamba yenhamba kuti unzwisise kunaka kwe data mbishi yakaunganidzwa.Maverengero akagadzirirwa kurerutsa uye kudzvanya mahombe data seti kuti zvive nyore kududzira.Zvadaro, mamwe maongororwo akaomarara akaitwa.Muedzo waDuncan wakaitwa pachishandiswa SPSS software (vhezheni 24; IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) kuverenga zvinoreva masikweya uye zvikanganiso zvekuedza kuona mutsauko pakati peseti yedata.Duncan's multiple test (DMRT) yakashandiswa kuona misiyano pakati penzira pachiyero chakakosha che (0.05 ≤ p).Pearson correlation coefficient ( r ) yakaverengwa pachishandiswa SPSS software (version 26; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) kuongorora kuwirirana pakati pezviviri zvakasiyana zveparameter.Pamusoro pezvo, mutsara wekudzoreredza ongororo yakaitwa uchishandisa SPSS software (v.26) kufanotaura kukosha kwekutanga kwegore rinosiyana zvichienderana nehunhu hwegore rechipiri.Nekune rimwe divi, nhanho yekudzoreredza ongororo ne p <0.01 yakaitwa kuratidza hunhu hunopesvedzera zvakanyanya mashizha madiki eschefflera.Nzira yekuongorora yakaitwa kuti ione zvakananga uye zvisina kunanga mhedzisiro yehunhu hwega hwega mumuenzaniso (zvichienderana nehunhu hunotsanangura zviri nani kusiyanisa).Zvose zviri pamusoro apa (zvakajairwa pakuparadzirwa kwedata, nyore kuwiriranisa coefficient, stepwise regression uye nzira yekuongorora) zvakaitwa uchishandisa SPSS V.26 software.
Sampuli dzechirimwa dzakasarudzwa dzaive dzichienderana neakakodzera masangano, nyika uye pasi rose nhungamiro uye mutemo wepamba weIran.
Tafura 1 inoratidza nhamba dzinotsanangurwa dzezvinoreva, kutsauka kwakajairwa, kushoma, kukwirisa, huwandu, uye phenotypic coefficient of variation (CV) kune akasiyana maitiro.Pakati pezviverengero izvi, CV inobvumira kuenzaniswa kwehunhu nekuti haina dimension.Kuderedza shuga (40.39%), midzi yakaoma huremu (37.32%), midzi mutsva uremu (37.30%), shuga kusvika kune shuga (30.20%) uye midzi midzi (30%) ndiyo yakakwirira.uye chlorophyll zvirimo (9.88%).) uye nzvimbo yemashizha ine indekisi yepamusoro (11.77%) uye ine yakaderera CV kukosha.Tafura 1 inoratidza kuti huremu hwese hwakanyorova hune huwandu hwepamusoro.Nekudaro, hunhu uhu hauna iyo yepamusoro CV.Naizvozvo, mametric asina dimension akadai seCV anofanirwa kushandiswa kuenzanisa shanduko yehunhu.CV yakakwira inoratidza musiyano mukuru pakati pekurapa kwehunhu uhu.Mhedzisiro yechiyedzo ichi yakaratidza misiyano mikuru pakati pekurapa kwakaderera-shuga muhuremu hwakaoma, huremu hutsva hwemidzi, carbohydrate-kusvika-shuga reshiyo, uye midzi vhoriyamu hunhu.
Migumisiro yeANOVA yakaratidza kuti kana ichienzaniswa nekutonga, kupfapfaidza foliar ne gibberellic acid uye benzyladenine kwakave nemigumisiro inokosha pakukwirira kwemiti, nhamba yemashizha, nzvimbo yemashizha, midzi yemidzi, urefu hwemidzi, chlorophyll index, uremu hutsva uye uremu hwakaoma.
Kuenzaniswa kwezvinoreva kukosha kwakaratidza kuti mareti ekukura kwechirimwa ane mhedzisiro yakakura pakureba kwechirimwa uye nhamba yemashizha.Mishonga yakanyatsoshanda yaiva gibberellic acid pamusangano we 200 mg / l uye gibberellic acid + benzyladenine pamusangano we 200 mg / l.Kuenzaniswa nekutonga, kureba kwemiti uye nhamba yemashizha yakawedzera ne 32.92 nguva uye 62.76 nguva, maererano (Tafura 2).
Nzvimbo yeshizha yakawedzera zvakanyanya mune zvese zvakasiyana zvichienzaniswa nekutonga, nekuwedzera kwepamusoro kwakaonekwa pa200 mg / l yegibberellic acid, inosvika 89.19 cm2.Mhedzisiro yakaratidza kuti nzvimbo yeshizha yakawedzera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kukura regulator concentration (Tafura 2).
Mishonga yese yakawedzera zvakanyanya midzi vhoriyamu uye kureba zvichienzaniswa nekutonga.Iko kusanganiswa kwegibberellic acid + benzyladenine kwakave nemigumisiro yakakura, kuwedzera huwandu uye urefu hwemudzi nehafu zvichienzaniswa nekutonga (Table 2).
Iwo akanyanya kukosha eiyo stem dhayamita uye kureba kweinternode akaonekwa mukutonga uye gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg/l kurapwa, zvichiteerana.
Iyo chlorophyll index yakawedzera mune zvese zvakasiyana zvichienzaniswa nekutonga.Kukosha kwepamusoro kwechimiro ichi kwakaonekwa apo yakabatwa ne gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg / l, iyo yaiva 30.21% yakakwirira kudarika kutonga (Table 2).
Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kurapwa kwakakonzera misiyano yakakura mu pigment content, kuderedzwa kweshuga uye soluble carbohydrates.
Kurapa ne gibberellic acid + benzyladenine kwakaguma nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwephotosynthetic pigments.Ichi chiratidzo chaive chakakwira zvakanyanya mune ese akasiyana pane mukutonga.
Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kurapwa kwese kunogona kuwedzera chlorophyll yemukati meSchefflera dwarf.Zvisinei, kukosha kwepamusoro kwechimiro ichi kwakaonekwa mukurapa ne gibberellic acid + benzyladenine, iyo yaiva 36.95% yakakwirira kudarika kutonga (Tafura 3).
Migumisiro ye chlorophyll b yakanga yakafanana zvachose nemigumisiro ye chlorophyll a, mutsauko chete waiva kuwedzera kwezvinyorwa zve chlorophyll b, iyo yaiva 67.15% yakakwirira kudarika mukutonga (Tafura 3).
Kurapa kwakaguma nekuwedzera kukuru kweklorophyll yakazara kana ichienzaniswa nekutonga.Kurapa ne gibberellic acid 200 mg / l + benzyladenine 100 mg / l yakatungamirira kuhuwandu hwepamusoro hwehutsika iyi, iyo yaiva 50% yakakwirira kudarika kutonga (Tafura 3).Maererano nemigumisiro, kutonga uye kurapwa ne benzyladenine pachiyero che 100 mg / l zvakatungamirira kumazinga akakwirira ehutsika.Liriodendron tulipifera ine kukosha kwakanyanya kwecarotenoids (Tafura 3).
Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti kana yakabatwa ne gibberellic acid pamusangano we 200 mg / L, zvinyorwa zve chlorophyll zvakanyanya kuwedzera kune chlorophyll b (Fig. 1).
Mhedzisiro yegibberellic acid uye benzyladenine pane a/b Ch.Zvikamu zve dwarf schefflera.(GA3: gibberellic acid uye BA: benzyladenine).Iwo mavara akafanana mumufananidzo wega wega anoratidza kuti mutsauko hauna kukosha (P <0.01).
Mhedzisiro yekurapa kwega kwega pahuremu hutsva uye hwakaoma hwehuni diki yeschefflera yaive yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yekutonga.Gibberellic acid + benzyladenine pa 200 mg / L ndiyo yakanyanya kurapa, kuwedzera huremu hutsva ne138.45% kana ichienzaniswa nekutonga.Kuenzaniswa nekutonga, mishonga yose kunze kwe100 mg / L benzyladenine yakawedzera zvakanyanya muti wakaoma uremu, uye 200 mg / L gibberellic acid + benzyladenine yakaguma nekukosha kwepamusoro kwechimiro ichi (Tafura 4).
Zvizhinji zvezvakasiyana zvakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva pakutonga mune izvi, nehupamhi hwepamusoro hwe100 uye 200 mg / l benzyladenine uye 200 mg / l gibberellic acid + benzyladenine (Fig. 2).
Kufurira kwegibberellic acid uye benzyladenine pachiyero cheanonyungudika makabhohaidhiretsi uye kuderedza shuga mudiki schefflera.(GA3: gibberellic acid uye BA: benzyladenine).Iwo mavara akafanana mumufananidzo wega wega anoratidza hapana musiyano wakakosha (P <0.01).
Stepwise regression ongororo yakaitwa kuti ione hunhu chaihwo uye kunzwisisa zviri nani hukama pakati pezvakasiyana zvakasiyana uye nhamba yeshizha muLiriodendron tulipifera.Root vhoriyamu ndiyo yekutanga shanduko yakapinda mumuenzaniso, ichitsanangura 44% yemusiyano.Mutsauko unotevera waive mutsva uremu huremu, uye aya maviri akasiyana akatsanangura 63% yekusiyana kwenhamba yemashizha (Tafura 5).
Nzira yekuongorora yakaitwa kuti idudzire zviri nani kudzoreredza nhanho (Table 6 uye Mufananidzo 3).Mhedzisiro yakanaka kwazvo panhamba yeshizha yakabatana nemidzi mitsva yakawanda (0.43), iyo yaive yakabatana nenhamba yeshizha (0.47).Izvi zvinoratidza kuti hunhu uhu hunobata goho zvakananga, nepo mhedzisiro yaro isina kunanga kuburikidza nehumwe hunhu husina basa, uye kuti hunhu uhu hunogona kushandiswa semupimo wekusarudza muzvirongwa zvekupfuya zve dwarf schefflera.Mhedzisiro yakananga yevhoriyamu yemidzi yaive yakaipa (-0.67).Kufuridzirwa kwechimiro ichi pahuwandu hwemashizha kwakananga, simba risina kunanga harina kukosha.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti iyo yakakura midzi vhoriyamu, iyo idiki nhamba yemashizha.
Mufananidzo 4 unoratidza shanduko mukudzoreredzwa kwemutsara wehuremu hwemidzi uye kuderedza shuga.Zvinoenderana neregression coefficient, imwe neimwe unit inoshanduka mukureba kwemidzi uye soluble carbohydrates zvinoreva kuti midzi yehuremu uye kuderedza shuga inoshanduka ne 0.6019 uye 0.311 mayunitsi.
Pearson coefficient coefficient yekukura kwemaitiro inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 5. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti nhamba yemashizha uye urefu hwemiti (0.379 *) yaiva nepamusoro-soro yehutano hwakanaka uye kukosha.
Kupisa mepu yehukama pakati pezvinosiyana mukukura mwero corelation coefficients.# Y Axis: 1-Index Ch., 2-Internode, 3-LAI, 4-N yemashizha, 5-Kureba kwemakumbo, 6-Stem diameter.# Pamwe pacho X axis: A – index H., B – chinhambwe pakati pemanodhi, C – LAY, D – N. yeshizha, E – kureba kwegumbo retirauzi, F – dhayamita redzinde.
Pearson coefficient coefficient for wet weight-related attributes inoratidzwa mumufananidzo 6. Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza hukama huri pakati peshizha rakanyorova kurema uye pamusoro pevhu rakaoma uremu (0.834 **), huremu hwakaoma (0.913 **) uye midzi yakaoma uremu (0.562 *) )..Huwandu hwakaoma hwakazara hune hukama hwepamusoro uye hwakakosha hune hunyoro hwakaoma (0.790 **) uye midzi yakaoma misa (0.741 **).
Kupisa mepu yehukama pakati pehuremu huremu coefficient variables.# Y axis: 1 - uremu hwemashizha matsva, 2 - uremu hwemashizha matsva, 3 - uremu hwemidzi mitsva, 4 - huremu hwemashizha matsva.# Iyo X-axis inomiririra: A - nyowani huremu hweshizha, B - nyowani bud huremu, CW - huremu hutsva hwemidzi, D - huremu hutsva.
The Pearson correlation coefficients yehuremu hwakaoma-hune hukama hunoratidzwa muMufananidzo 7. Mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti mashizha akaoma uremu, bud yakaoma uremu (0.848**) uye huremu hwakaoma huremu (0.947 **), bud dry weight (0.854 **) uye huwandu hwakaoma hwakaoma (0.781**) hune hutsika hwepamusoro.kuwirirana kwakanaka uye kuwirirana kwakakosha.
Kupisa mepu yehukama pakati pehuremu hwakaoma coefficient variables.# Y axis inomiririra: 1-shizha rakaoma huremu, 2-bud yakaoma huremu, 3-midzi yakaoma huremu, 4-huremu hwakaoma huremu.# X Axis: A-shizha rakaoma huremu, B-bud yakaoma huremu, CW mudzi wakaoma uremu, D-yakazara huremu hwakaoma.
Pearson coefficient coefficient ye pigment properties inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 8. Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti chlorophyll a uye chlorophyll b (0.716 **), yakazara chlorophyll (0.968 **) uye yakazara pigments (0.954 **);chlorophyll b uye yakazara chlorophyll (0.868 **) uye yakazara pigments (0.851 **);yakazara chlorophyll ine yakanyanya kunaka uye yakakosha kuwirirana ine yakazara pigment (0.984**).
Mepu inopisa yehukama pakati pechlorophyll correlation coefficient variables.# Y axes: 1- Chiteshi a, 2- Chiteshi.b, 3 - a/b ratio, 4 chiteshi.Zvose, 5-carotenoids, 6-goho pigments.# X-Axes: A-Ch.aB-Ch.b,C- a/b reshiyo, D-Ch.Zvose zvirimo, E-carotenoids, F-goho remavara.
Dwarf Schefflera ichirimwa chemba chakakurumbira pasi rese, uye kukura nekusimudzira kuri kugamuchira zvakanyanya.Kushandiswa kwezvinomera zvinomera zvakakonzera misiyano yakakura, nekurapa kwese kunowedzera kureba kwechirimwa zvichienzaniswa nekutonga.Kunyangwe kureba kwechirimwa kuchiwanzodzorwa genetically, tsvakiridzo inoratidza kuti kushandiswa kwezvinomera zvinokura zvinogona kuwedzera kana kuderedza kureba kwechirimwa.Kureba kwemiti uye nhamba yemashizha akabatwa ne gibberellic acid + benzyladenine 200 mg / L yaiva yakakwirira, inosvika 109 cm uye 38.25, maererano.Inopindirana nezvidzidzo zvekare (SalehiSardoei et al.52) uye Spathiphyllum23, kuwedzera kwakafanana kwekukura kwemiti nekuda kwegibberellic acid kurapwa kwakaonekwa muhari marigolds, albus alba21, daylilies22, daylilies, agarwood uye maruva erugare.
Gibberellic acid (GA) inoita basa rakakosha mune dzakasiyana siyana dzemuviri maitiro ezvirimwa.Zvinokurudzira kupatsanurwa kwesero, kurebesa masero, kureba kwedzinde uye kukura kwe24.GA inokonzera kupatsanurwa kwesero uye kurebesa mupfuti apices uye meristems25.Kuchinja kweshizha kunosanganisirawo kuderera kwehunde, kukura kweshizha diki, uye ruvara rwegirinhi rwakajeka26.Zvidzidzo zvinoshandisa inhibitory kana stimulatory factors zvakaratidza kuti calcium ions kubva mukati mezvinyorwa zvinoshanda sechipiri vatumwa munzira yegibberellin inoratidzira mumhunga corolla27.HA inowedzera kureba kwechirimwa nekukurudzira kuumbwa kwema enzymes anokonzera kuzorora kwemadziro sero, senge XET kana XTH, inowedzera uye PME28.Izvi zvinoita kuti maseru akure sezvo sero madziro anozorora uye mvura ichipinda musero29.Kushandiswa kweGA7, GA3 uye GA4 kunogona kuwedzera hunde kureba30,31.Gibberellic acid inokonzeresa kureba kwedzinde muzvirimwa zvidiki, uye mumiti yerosette inodzosa kukura kwemashizha nekurebesa kweinternode32.Nekudaro, pamberi pedanho rekubereka, kureba kwehunde kunowedzera kusvika 4-5 nguva yehurefu hwayo hwepakutanga33.Maitiro eGA biosynthesis muzvirimwa anopfupikiswa muMufananidzo 9.
GA biosynthesis muzvirimwa uye mazinga e endogenous bioactive GA, schematic inomiririra zvirimwa (kurudyi) uye GA biosynthesis (kuruboshwe).Miseve ine ruvara rwemavara kuti ienderane nechimiro cheHA chinoratidzwa munzira yebiosynthetic;miseve yakatsvuka inoratidza yakadzikira mazinga eGC nekuda kwenzvimbo munzvimbo dzezvirimwa, uye miseve mitema inoratidza yakawedzera mazinga eGC.Muzvirimwa zvakawanda, zvakaita semupunga nemavise, GA yemukati inokwira kuzasi kana kuzasi kweshizha30.Zvakare, mimwe mishumo inoratidza kuti bioactive GA yemukati inodzikira semashizha akareba kubva pachigadziko34.Iwo chaiwo mazinga egibberellins mune idzi kesi haazivikanwe.
Kudyara kukura regulators zvakare kunokanganisa zvakanyanya huwandu uye nzvimbo yemashizha.Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kuwedzera kukwirisa kwezvinomera kukura regulator kwakakonzera kuwedzera kukuru munzvimbo yemashizha uye nhamba.Benzyladenine inonzi inowedzera calla mashizha ekugadzirwa15.Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yeongororo iyi, marapirwo ese akavandudza nzvimbo yeshizha uye nhamba.Gibberellic acid + benzyladenine ndiyo yaive yakanyanya kurapa uye yakakonzera huwandu hukuru uye nzvimbo yemashizha.Paunenge uchikura diki schefflera mumba, panogona kuve nekuwedzera kunoonekwa kwehuwandu hwemashizha.
Kurapa kweGA3 kwakawedzera kureba kweinternode kana kuchienzaniswa nebenzyladenine (BA) kana kusarapwa kwehomoni.Mhedzisiro iyi ine musoro yakapihwa basa reGA mukusimudzira kukura7.Kukura kwetsinde kwakaratidzawo mhedzisiro yakafanana.Gibberellic acid yakawedzera kureba kwedzinde asi yakadzikira dhayamita.Nekudaro, kushandiswa kwakasanganiswa kweBA neGA3 kwakawedzera kureba kwehunde.Kuwedzera uku kwaive kwakakwira zvichienzaniswa nemiti inobatwa neBA kana isina hormone.Kunyange zvazvo gibberellic acid uye cytokinins (CK) inowanzokurudzira kukura kwechirimwa, mune dzimwe nguva dzine migumisiro yakasiyana pamaitiro akasiyana35.Semuenzaniso, kushamwaridzana kusina kunaka kwakaonekwa mukuwedzera kwe hypocotyl urefu mumiti inobatwa neGA uye BA36.Kune rimwe divi, BA yakawedzera midzi vhoriyamu (Tafura 1).Kuwedzera midzi nekuda kweExogenous BA yakashumwa mumiti yakawanda (semuenzaniso Dendrobium neOrchid marudzi)37,38.
Mishonga yose yehomoni yakawedzera nhamba yemashizha matsva.Kuwedzera kwechisikigo munzvimbo yeshizha uye kureba kwedzinde kuburikidza nemishonga yakasanganiswa kunodiwa nekutengesa.Nhamba yemashizha matsva chiratidzo chakakosha chekukura kwezvinomera.Iko kushandiswa kwemahomoni exogenous hakuna kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwekutengesa kweLiriodendron tulipifera.Zvisinei, kukura-kukurudzira migumisiro yeGA neCK, inoshandiswa mukuenzanisa, inogona kupa ruzivo rutsva mukuvandudza kurimwa kwechirimwa ichi.Zvinoshamisa, iyo synergistic mhedzisiro yeBA + GA3 kurapwa yaive yakakwira kupfuura iyo yeGA kana BA inopihwa yega.Gibberellic acid inowedzera nhamba yemashizha matsva.Sezvo mashizha matsva achikura, kuwedzera huwandu hwemashizha matsva kunogona kuderedza kukura kwemashizha39.GA yakanzi inonatsiridza kutakurwa kwe sucrose kubva kunyura kuenda kune kunobva nhengo40,41.Uye zvakare, kushandiswa kwekunze kweGA kune zvinomera zvisingaperi zvinogona kusimudzira kukura kwenhengo dzezvinomera semashizha nemidzi, nekudaro kudzivirira shanduko kubva pakukura kwezvinomera kusvika pakukura kwekubereka42.
Mhedzisiro yeGA pakuwedzera chirimwa yakaoma nyaya inogona kutsanangurwa nekuwedzera kwe photosynthesis nekuda kwekuwedzera kweshizha nzvimbo43.GA inonzi yakakonzera kuwedzera kwemashizha eMaze34.Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti kuwedzera kweBA ku200 mg / L kunogona kuwedzera urefu uye nhamba yematavi echipiri uye midzi yemidzi.Gibberellic acid inopesvedzera maitiro emasero akadai sekusimudzira kupatsanurwa kwesero uye kurebesa, nekudaro kunatsiridza kukura kwezvinomera43.Pamusoro pezvo, HA inowedzera mudhuri wesero nekuita hydrolyzing starch kuita shuga, nekudaro ichidzikisa mukana wemvura yesero, zvichiita kuti mvura ipinde muchitokisi uye pakupedzisira ichitungamira kusero elongation44.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-11-2024