Zvirimwa uye zvinhu zvinotapukira
Kugadzira mapu emhando yesorghum inozivikanwa se "sorghum conversion population" (SCP) kwakapihwa naDr. Pat Brown paYunivhesiti yeIllinois (ikozvino paUC Davis). Yakambotsanangurwa kare uye iunganidzwa wemitsara yakasiyana-siyana yakachinjwa kuita "photoperiod-insensitivity" uye "diki" kuti ibatsire kukura nekukura kwezvirimwa munzvimbo dzemuUS. Mitsara 510 kubva muhuwandu uhu yakashandiswa muchidzidzo ichi kunyangwe nekuda kwekumera kusina kunaka uye mamwe matambudziko ekudzora hunhu, haisi mitsetse yese yakashandiswa mukuongorora hunhu hwese hutatu. Pakupedzisira data kubva kumitsara 345 rakashandiswa mukuongorora mhinduro ye "chitin", mitsetse 472 yemhinduro ye "flg22", uye 456 yekudzivirira TLS.B. cookeimhando yeLSLP18 yakawanikwa kubva kuna Dr. Burt Bluhm paYunivhesiti yeArkansas.
Kuyerwa kwemhinduro yeMAMP
MAMP mbiri dzakasiyana dzakashandiswa muchidzidzo ichi flg22, (Genscript catalog# RP19986), uye chitin. Zvirimwa zvemasadza zvakarimwa munzvimbo dzakaiswa pasi dzakazadzwa nevhu (33% Sunshine Redi-Earth Pro Growing Mix) mugreenhouse. Zvirimwa zvakadiridzwa zuva risati rasvika kuunganidzwa kwesampuro kudzivirira hunyoro hwakawanda hwemashizha pazuva rekuunganidzwa.
Mitsetse yacho yakarongwa nenzira isina kurongeka uye, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemarongerwo enzvimbo, yakadyarwa muzvikamu zvemitsetse makumi matanhatu. Pamutsetse wega wega, 'hari' nhatu dzakadyarwa nembeu mbiri pamutsetse wega wega. Zvikamu zvakazotevera zvakadyarwa nekukurumidza mushure mekunge chikwata chekare chagadziriswa kusvika huwandu hwevanhu hwaongororwa. Kuongororwa kaviri kwakaitwa kune ese maMAMPs, majini akadzokororwa nenzira isina kurongeka mune yega yega yezvikamu zviviri.
Kuongororwa kweROS kwakaitwa sezvakatsanangurwa kare. Muchidimbu, pamutsetse wega wega, mbeu nhanhatu dzakadyarwa muhari nhatu dzakasiyana. Kubva pambeu dzakabuda, nhatu dzakasarudzwa zvichienderana nekufanana. Mbeu dzaitaridzika dzisina kujairika kana kuti dzaive dzakareba zvakanyanya kana kuti pfupi pane dzakawanda hadzina kushandiswa. Madhisiki mana emashizha ane dhayamita ye3 mm akachekwa kubva pachikamu chakafara cheshizha rechina rezvirimwa zvitatu zvakasiyana zvemasorghum ane mazuva gumi nemashanu. Dhisiki rimwe chete kubva pashizha rimwe nerimwe kubva pazvirimwa zviviri uye madhisiki maviri kubva pachirimwa chimwe, uye dhisiki rechipiri rikava rekutonga mvura (ona pazasi). Madhisiki acho akayangarara ega ega pa50 µl H20 mundiro nhema ye96-well, yakavharwa nechisimbiso chealuminium kudzivirira kuvhenekerwa nechiedza, uye akachengetwa patembiricha yemumba husiku hwese. Mangwanani akatevera, mhinduro yekupindura yakagadzirwa pachishandiswa 2 mg/ml chemiluminescent probe L-012 (Wako, catalog # 120-04891), 2 mg/ml horseradish peroxidase (Type VI-A, Sigma-Aldrich, catalog # P6782), uye 100 mg/ml Chitin kana 2 μM yeFlg22. 50 µl yemhinduro iyi yekupindura yakawedzerwa kumatsime matatu emana. Mugodhi wechina waive mock control, uko mhinduro yekupindura isina MAMP yakawedzerwa. Matsime mana asina chinhu aive nemvura chete akaiswawo mundiro yega yega.
Mushure mekuwedzera mhinduro ye reaction, kupenya kwakayerwa uchishandisa SynergyTM 2 multi-detection microplate reader (BioTek) maminitsi maviri ega ega kweawa imwe chete. Muverengi weplate anoyera kupenya kwemaminitsi maviri ega ega mukati meawa imwe chete iyi. Huwandu hwekuverenga kwese makumi matatu nerimwe hwakaverengerwa kuti hupe kukosha kwetsime rega rega. Kukosha kwakafungidzirwa kweMAMP response ye genotype yega yega kwakaverengerwa se (avhareji kukosha kwechiedza chemigero mitatu yekuedza—kukosha kwetsime re mock) -kusiya avhareji kukosha kwetsime risina chinhu. Kukosha kwetsime risina chinhu kwaigara kuri pedyo ne zero.
Madhisiki emashizha eNicotiana benthamiana, mutsetse mumwe chete wesorghum unopindura zvakanyanya (SC0003), uye mutsetse mumwe chete wesorghum unopindura zvishoma (PI 6069) zvakabatanidzwawo sezvinodzora mundiro yega yega ine matsime makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu kuti zvionekwe zvakanaka.
B. cookeiKugadzirira uye kubaya mushonga wekudzivirira
B. cookeiInoculum yakagadzirwa sezvakatsanangurwa kare. Muchidimbu, tsanga dzemhunga dzakanyikwa mumvura kwemazuva matatu, dzosukurudzwa, dzoiswa mumaflasks ane 1L conical uye dzovharwa kweawa imwe pa15psi ne121 °C. Tsanga dzacho dzakazobayiwa ne5 ml ye macelia macerated kubva mukumera kutsva kweB. cookeiLSLP18 inobvisa zvipembenene zvemhuka uye inosiyiwa kwemavhiki maviri patembiricha yemumba, ichizunza maflasks mazuva ese matatu. Mushure memavhiki maviri, tsanga dzemhunga dzakabatwa nefungus dzakaomeswa nemhepo dzobva dzachengetwa pa4 °C kusvika dzabayiwa mumunda. Mhunga imwechete yakashandiswa kwese kwekuyedza uye yakagadzirwa itsva gore rega rega. Pakubaya, tsanga 6-10 dzakabatwa nechirwere dzakaiswa muwhorl yezvirimwa zvemhunga zvine mavhiki mana kusvika mashanu. Mhuka dzinogadzirwa kubva kufungus idzi dzakatanga kutapukira muzvirimwa zvemhunga zvidiki mukati mevhiki imwe chete.
Kugadzirira mbeu
Mbeu yemapfunde isati yadyarwa mumunda, yaiiswa mushonga wefungicide, zvipembenene, nemusanganiswa wesafener une ~ 1% Spirato 480 FS fungicide, 4% Sebring 480 FS fungicide, 3% Sorpro 940 ES seed safener. Mbeu dzacho dzakazoomeswa nemhepo kwemazuva matatu izvo zvakaita kuti musanganiswa uyu uchenuke zvakatenderedza mbeu. Safener yakabvumira kushandiswa kwemushonga weDual Magnum semushonga usati wabuda.
Kuongororwa kweKusasimba kweTarget Leaf Spot
SCP yakadyarwa paCentral Crops Research Station muClayton, NC musi wa14–15 Chikumi 2017 na20 Chikumi 2018 muchimiro chebhuroko rakazara rakasarudzika rine kudzokorora kaviri kwekuyedza muchiitiko chimwe nechimwe. Kuedza kwakadyarwa mumitsara imwe chete ye1.8 m ine upamhi hwemutsara we0.9 m uchishandisa mbeu gumi pamunda wega wega. Mitsara miviri yemuganhu yakadyarwa kutenderedza muganhu wekuyedza kwega kwega kudzivirira mhedzisiro yemupendero. Kuedza uku kwakabayiwa musi wa20 Chikunguru 2017 na20 Chikunguru 2018 panguva iyo zvirimwa zvesorghum zvaive padanho rekukura rechitatu. Kuyera kwakatorwa pachiyero chimwe kusvika mapfumbamwe, uko zvirimwa zvisingaratidze zviratidzo zvechirwere zvakapihwa sezvirimwa zvipfumbamwe uye zvakafa zvachose zvakapihwa sechimwe. Kuyera kaviri kwakatorwa muna 2017 uye kuverenga kane muna 2018 kutanga mavhiki maviri mushure mekubaya gore rega rega. sAUDPC (nzvimbo yakajairwa pasi pehuwandu hwekufambira mberi kwechirwere) yakaverengerwa sezvakatsanangurwa kare.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-01-2021