Marariya inoramba iri honzeri huru yerufu nehurwere muAfrica, ine mutoro mukuru pakati pevana vari pasi pemakore mashanu ekuberekwa. Nzira dzinonyanya kushanda pakudzivirira chirwere ichi imishonga inouraya zvipembenene inonangana nehumhutu hunonzi Anopheles. Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwakapararira kwezvirongwa izvi, kushorwa nemapoka anonyanya kushandiswa emishonga yezvipembenene zvino kwapararira muAfrica mose. Kunzwisisa nzira dziri pasi dzinotungamirira kune iyi phenotype inokosha zvose kutevera kupararira kwekupikisa uye kugadzira zvishandiso zvitsva kuti zvikunde.
Muchidzidzo ichi, takaenzanisa kugadzirwa kwemicrobiome kweanopheles gambiae, Anopheles cruzi, neAnopheles arabiensis kubva kuBurkina Faso nevanhu vasingafarire tumbuyu, kubva kuEthiopia.
Hatina kuwana mutsauko mukuumbwa kwemicrobiota pakati pezvipembenene-resistant uyemushonga wezvipembenene-vanhu vanotapukira muBurkina Faso. Mhedzisiro iyi yakasimbiswa neongororo yerabhoritari yemakoloni kubva kunyika mbiri dzeBurkina Faso. Mukupesana, muAnopheles arabiensis mosquito kubva kuEthiopia, misiyano yakajeka mukugadzirwa kwemicrobiota yakaonekwa pakati peiyo yakafa neyakapukunyuka kukuvadzwa kwemishonga yezvipembenene. Kuti tirambe tichiongorora kurwisa kwevaAnopheles arabiensis iyi, takaita RNA sequencing uye takawana kutaura kwakasiyana kwemajini ekubvisa huturu hune chekuita nekushomeka kwezvipembenene, pamwe nekushanduka kwematanho ekufema, metabolic, uye synaptic ion.
Mhedzisiro yedu inoratidza kuti mune dzimwe nguva iyo microbiota inogona kubatsira mukusimudzirwa kwekurwisa zvipembenene, mukuwedzera kune transcriptome shanduko.
Kunyange zvazvo kuramba kuchiwanzorondedzerwa sechikamu chemajini eAnopheles vector, zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvakaratidza kuti microbiome inoshanduka zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, zvichiratidza basa rezvipembenene izvi pakuramba. Chokwadi, zvidzidzo zveAnopheles gambiae mosquito vectors muSouth and Central America zvakaratidza shanduko huru muepidermal microbiome zvichitevera kuratidzwa kune pyrethroids, pamwe nekuchinja kwemicrobiome yese zvichitevera kuratidzwa kune organophosphates. MuAfrica, pyrethroid resistance yakabatanidzwa nekuchinja mukugadzirwa kwemicrobiota muCameroon, Kenya, neCôte d'Ivoire, nepo murabhoritari-yakagadziridzwa Anopheles gambiae vakaratidza shanduko mumicrobiota yavo zvichitevera kusarudzwa kwepyrethroid resistance. Uyezve, kuedza kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya uye kuwedzerwa kweutachiona hunozivikanwa murabhoritari-colonized Anopheles arabiensis mosquito kwakaratidza kuwedzera kushivirira kune pyrethroids . Pamwe chete, idzi data dzinoratidza kuti kuramba kwezvipembenene kungave kwakabatana nemosquito microbiome uye kuti chikamu chekurwisa zvipembenene chinogona kushandiswa kudzora hutachiona hwezvirwere.
Muchidzidzo ichi, takashandisa 16S sequencing kuti tione kana microbiota yerabhoritari-colonized uye munda-yakaunganidzwa mosquito muWest neEast Africa yakasiyana pakati peavo vakapona neavo vakafa mushure mekuratidzwa kune pyrethroid deltamethrin. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuramba kwezvipembenene, kuenzanisa microbiota kubva kumatunhu akasiyana eAfrica nemhando dzakasiyana uye nhanho dzekuramba zvinogona kubatsira kunzwisisa kurudziro yedunhu panharaunda dzehutachiona. Makoroni emurabhoritari aibva kuBurkina Faso uye akakurira mumarabhoritari maviri akasiyana emuEurope (An. coluzzii muGermany neAn. arabiensis kuUnited Kingdom), umhutu kubva kuBurkina Faso hwaimiririra marudzi ese matatu eAn. Gambiae marudzi akaoma, uye umhutu kubva kuEthiopia hunomiririra An. arabiensis. Pano, tinoratidza kuti Anopheles arabiensis anobva kuEthiopiya akanga ane masiginecha akasiyana emicrobiota muumhutu mhenyu uye dzakafa, nepo Anopheles arabiensis anobva kuBurkina Faso nemarabhoritari maviri asina. Chinangwa cheongororo iyi ndechekuenderera mberi nekuongorora kusabatwa kwezvipembenene. Takaita RNA sequencing pavanhu veAnopheles arabiensis uye takaona kuti majini ane chokuita nokusauraya zvipembenene akanga akadzorwa, nepo majini ane chokuita nokufema aiwanzochinjwa. Kubatanidzwa kweiyi data nehuwandu hwechipiri kubva kuEthiopia kwakaratidza akakosha detoxification majini mudunhu. Kumwe kuenzaniswa neAnopheles arabiensis anobva kuBurkina Faso kwakaratidza mutsauko wakakura mumaprofayiri ezvinyorwa, asi zvakadaro zvakaratidza maitiro mana akakosha ekubvisa huturu aive akawandisa muAfrica.
Umhutu mhenyu uye dzakafa dzemarudzi ega ega kubva munharaunda imwe neimwe dzakabva dzatevedzana dzichishandisa 16S kutevedzana uye kuwanda kwakawanda kwakaverengerwa. Hapana misiyano mukusiyana-siyana kwealpha yakaonekwa, ichiratidza kuti hapana misiyano mukushanda taxonomic unit (OTU) hupfumi; zvisinei, kusiyana kwebeta kwakasiyana zvakanyanya pakati penyika, uye mazwi ekudyidzana kwenyika uye mararamiro / akafa (PANOVA = 0.001 uye 0.008, zvichiteerana) yakaratidza kuti kusiyana kwaivepo pakati pezvinhu izvi. Hapana mutsauko mukusiyana kwebeta wakaonekwa pakati penyika, zvichiratidza kusiyana kwakafanana pakati pemapoka. Iyo Bray-Curtis multivariate scaling plot (Mufananidzo 2A) yakaratidza kuti sampuli dzakanyanya kuparadzaniswa nenzvimbo, asi pakanga paine zvimwe zvakasarudzika. Mienzaniso yakawanda kubva kuAn. arabiensis nharaunda uye imwe sampuli kubva kuAn. coluzzii nharaunda yakapfuura nemuenzaniso kubva kuBurkina Faso, nepo imwe sampu kubva kuAn. arabiensis samples kubva kuBurkina Faso akapindirana neAn. arabiensis nharaunda sampuro, iyo inogona kuratidza kuti iyo yekutanga microbiota yakachengetedzwa zvisina tsarukano pamusoro pezvizvarwa zvakawanda uye munzvimbo dzakawanda. Mienzaniso yeBurkina Faso yakanga isina kunyatsoparadzaniswa nemarudzi; kushaikwa kwerusarura uku kwaitarisirwa sezvo vanhu vakazoiswa pamwe chete kunyangwe vaibva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemakonye. Zvechokwadi, zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kugovera niche yezvisikwa panguva yemvura yemvura kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kuumbwa kwe microbiota [50]. Sezvineiwo, nepo Burkina Faso mosquito samples uye nharaunda dzakaratidza kusasiyana kwekupona kweumhutu kana kufa mushure mekufumurwa kwezvipembenene, maEthiopian samples aive akapatsanurwa zvakajeka, zvichiratidza kuti kuumbwa kwemicrobiota mune aya maAnopheles samples kune hukama nekurwisa zvipembenene. Iwo masampuli akaunganidzwa kubva panzvimbo imwechete, izvo zvinogona kutsanangura kushamwaridzana kwakasimba.
Kurwisana nepyrethroid insecticides chinhu chakaoma che phenotype, uye nepo kuchinja kwemetabolism uye zvinangwa zviri kunyatsodzidza, kuchinja kwe microbiota kunongotanga kuongororwa. Muchidzidzo ichi, tinoratidza kuti kuchinja kwe microbiota kunogona kuva kwakakosha mune mamwe marudzi; tinowedzera kuratidzira kuramba kwezvipembenene muAnopheles arabiensis kubva kuBahir Dar uye tinoratidza kuchinja kwezvinyorwa zvinozivikanwa zvekupikisa, pamwe chete nekuchinja kukuru kwemajini ane chokuita nekufema kwakaonekwawo muongororo yapfuura yeRNA-seq yeAnopheles arabiensis vanhu vanobva kuEthiopia . Pamwe chete, mhedzisiro iyi inoratidza kuti kuramba kwezvipembenene muumhutu uhwu kunogona kuenderana nemubatanidzwa wemajini uye asiri iwo genetic factor, pamwe nekuti hukama hwesymbiotic nemabhakitiriya emuno hunogona kutsigira kuparara kwezvipembenene muvanhu vane mwero wakaderera wekuramba.
Zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvakabatanidza kuwedzera kufema kukurwisa zvipembenene, zvinoenderana nemashoko akafumiswa eontology muBahir Dar RNAseq uye data yakabatanidzwa yeEthiopia yakawanikwa pano; zvakare zvichiratidza kuti kuramba kunoguma nekuwedzera kufema, kungave sechikonzero kana mhedzisiro yeiyi phenotype. Kana shanduko idzi dzikaita mutsauko weiyo reactive oxygen uye nitrogen marudzi, sezvakambotaurwa, izvi zvinogona kukanganisa vector kugona uye microbial colonization kuburikidza nekusiyana kwebhakitiriya kuramba kuROS kutsvaira nemabhakitiriya enguva refu commensal.
Iyo data yakapihwa pano inopa humbowo hwekuti iyo microbiota inogona kukanganisa kurwisa zvipembenene mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Takaratidzawo kuti An. arabiensis mosquito muEthiopiya anoratidza zvakafanana transcriptome alteration inopa kusamira kwezvipembenene; zvisinei, nhamba yemajini anoenderana neari muBurkina Faso idiki. Macaveats akati wandei asara maererano nemhedziso dzakasvikwa pano uye mune zvimwe zvidzidzo. Kutanga, hukama hunokonzera pakati pepyrethroid kupona uye microbiota inoda kuratidzwa uchishandisa zvidzidzo zvemetabolomic kana microbiota transplantation. Pamusoro pezvo, kusimbiswa kwevanonyanya kukwikwidza muhuwandu hwakawanda kubva kumatunhu akasiyana kunoda kuratidzwa. Chekupedzisira, kubatanidza data retranscriptome nedata remicrobiota kuburikidza neakatariswa post-transplantation zvidzidzo zvinopa ruzivo rwakadzama rwekuti iyo microbiota inokanganisa zvakanangana neumhutu transcriptome maererano nekuramba kwepyrethroid. Nekudaro, zvakatorwa pamwechete, data redu rinoratidza kuti kuramba ndekwenzvimbo uye kwepasirese, kuratidza kukosha kwekuyedza zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvezvipembenene munzvimbo dzakawanda.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-24-2025