Mishonga yezvipembenene

Nhanganyaya

Mishonga yezvipembenene (insecticide) inoreva rudzi rwemushonga unouraya tumbuyu, unonyanya kushandiswa kurwisa tumbuyu netwupukanana hwemaguta. Zvakadai sezvipembenene, nhunzi, magrubs, noseworms, nhata, uye zvimwe zvingangoita 10000 zvimwe zvipembenene. Mishonga yezvipembenene ine nhoroondo yakareba yekushandiswa, yakawanda, uye yakasiyana-siyana.

Classification

Kune akawanda Classification zviyero zvemishonga yezvipembenene. Nhasi, tichadzidza nezvemishonga yezvipembenene kubva kune maitiro ekuita uye toxicology.

Zvichienderana nemaitiro echiito, mishonga yezvipembenene inogona kuiswa se:

① Chepfu yemudumbu. Inopinda mukati megumbo kuburikidza nemuromo wechipembenene uye ine chepfu, yakadai seMetrifonate.

② Bata vanouraya vamiririri. Mushure mekusangana ne epidermis kana appendages, inopinda mukati memuviri wezvipembenene, kana kuti inosvibisa wakisi yemuviri wezvipembenene, kana kuvhara valve kuuraya zvipembenene, zvakadai sepyrethrin, mineral oil emulsion, nezvimwewo.

③ Chifukidzo. Mhepo inogadzirwa nekuvhuvhuta kwegasi rine muchetura, mvura kana yakasimba kune tupukanana kana utachiona seBromomethane.

④ Kufema kwemishonga yezvipembenene. Inotorwa nembeu yezvirimwa, midzi, madzinde, uye mashizha uye kuendeswa kuchirimwa chese, mukati meimwe nguva yenguva, pathogen kana iyo yakashongedzwa metabolites inopinda mumuviri wezvipembenene nekudya pamatishu echirimwa kana kuyamwa muto wechirimwa, ichitamba basa rine chepfu. , zvakadai se dimethoate.

Zvinoenderana ne toxicological mhedzisiro, zvipembenene zvinogona kuiswa se:

① Neurotoxic agents. Inoshanda pane tsinga dzezvipembenene, seDDT, parathion, carbofuran, Pyrethrin, nezvimwe.

② Mishonga yekufema. Inhibit kufema ma enzymes ezvipembenene, zvakadai se cyanuric acid.

③ Vamiririri venyama. Mineral oiri vamiririri vanogona kuvhara vharuvhu yezvipembenene, nepo inert poda inogona kubvisa ganda rezvipembenene uye kuita kuti vafe.

④ Mishonga inouraya zvipembenene. Kukonzera kusajairika kwemaitiro ezvipembenene, senge zvinodzinga zvipembenene kure nezvirimwa, zvinokwezva zvinokwezva zvipembenene nebonde kana chirauro, antifeedants inotadzisa kuravira kwavo uye isingachadyisa, zvichitungamira kunzara nerufu, vamiririri vasina hutachiona vanoita basa rekubereka revakuru. kukonzera kusabereka kwemurume kana mukadzi, uye zvipembenene zvinogadzirisa zvinokanganisa kukura, metamorphosis, uye kubereka kwe tupukanana.

DevelopmentDirection

① Shanduko yemamiriro ekunze epasi rose inokonzeresa zviitiko zvezvipembenene nezvirwere, izvo zvinozokonzera kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene. Mukugadzirwa kwekurima, kuitika kwezvipembenene nezvirwere kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Kana mamiriro ekunze asina kunaka pakukura kwezvipembenene nezvirwere, chiyero chekuitika kwezvipembenene nezvirwere zvichaderedzwa zvakanyanya, nokudaro kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga.

② Mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ichiri kuchengetedza chinzvimbo chepamusoro mumusika wepasi rose wemishonga yezvipembenene, iine marudzi matatu makuru emishonga yezvipembenene, anoti mishonga yezvipembenene, mafungicides, uye mishonga yesora, vari ivo vatambi vakuru mumusika wepasi rose wemishonga yezvipembenene. Muna 2009, mishonga yezvipembenene ichiri kuverengera makumi maviri neshanu muzana emusika wepasi rose wemishonga yezvipembenene, neNorth America neWestern Europe vachichengeta chikamu chikuru chemusika, chichiverengera makumi manomwe muzana emusika wese.

③ Sezvo indasitiri yepasi rose yemishonga yezvipembenene iri kuramba ichikura, iri kutarisanawo nenhevedzano yezvinodiwa zvitsva, ndiko kuti, kushandiswa kwemishonga mumakore apfuura kwakakonzera kusvibiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kune zvakatipoteredza uye vanhu nezvipfuyo. Naizvozvo, nharaunda dzepasirese dzine zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvehupfu, huchetura hushoma, husaririra hushoma, uye mishonga isina kusvibiswa, kunyanya muindasitiri yemishonga yezvipembenene.