Protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) ndeimwe yezvinangwa zvikuru zvekugadzira mhando itsva dzemishonga inouraya zvipembenene, zvichireva kuti chikamu chikuru chemusika chinowanikwa. Nekuti mushonga uyu unonyanya kushanda pa chlorophyll uye hauna chepfu yakawanda kumhuka dzinoyamwisa, mushonga uyu une hunhu hwekushanda nesimba, hune chepfu shoma uye kuchengetedzeka.
Mhuka, zvirimwa, mabhakitiriya nefungus zvese zvine protoporphyrinogen oxidase, iyo inokonzeresa protoporphyrinogen IX kuenda kuprotoporphyrin IX pasi pemamiriro e oxygen yemolecular, protoporphyrinogen oxidase ndiyo enzyme yekupedzisira inowanikwa mu tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, inonyanya kugadzira ferrous heme ne chlorophyll. Muzvirimwa, protoporphyrinogen oxidase ine ma isoenzyme maviri, ari mu mitochondria ne chloroplasts zvakateerana. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors mishonga yekuuraya sora yakasimba, iyo inogona kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudzora sora kunyanya nekudzivisa kugadzirwa kwe pigments dzezvirimwa, uye ine nguva pfupi yasara muvhu, iyo isingakuvadzi zvirimwa zvinotevera. Mhando itsva dzemishonga iyi yesora dzine hunhu hwekusarudza, kushanda zvakanyanya, chepfu shoma uye hazvisi nyore kuungana munzvimbo.
Mishonga inodzivirira PPO yemhando huru yemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene
1. Mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene inonzi Diphenyl ether
Mamwe marudzi ePPO achangoburwa
3.1 Zita reISO rekuti saflufenacil rakawanikwa muna 2007 - BASF, patent yapera muna 2021.
Muna 2009, benzochlor yakanyoreswa kekutanga muUnited States uye yakatengeswa muna 2010. Parizvino Benzochlor yakanyoreswa muUnited States, Canada, China, Nicaragua, Chile, Argentina, Brazil neAustralia. Parizvino, mabhizinesi mazhinji muChina ari kunyoreswa.
3.2 Akahwina zita reISO rekuti tiafenacil muna 2013 uye patent yacho inopera muna 2029.
Muna 2018, flursulfuryl ester yakatanga kuburitswa muSouth Korea; Muna 2019, yakaburitswa muSri Lanka, zvichivhura rwendo rwekushambadzira chigadzirwa ichi mumisika yekunze kwenyika. Parizvino, flursulfuryl ester yakanyoreswawo muAustralia, United States, Canada, Brazil nedzimwe nyika, uye yakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo mune dzimwe misika mikuru.
3.3 Zita reISO rekuti trifludimoxazin (trifluoxazin) rakawanikwa muna 2014 uye patent yacho inopera muna 2030.
Musi wa28 Chivabvu, 2020, mushonga wekutanga we trifluoxazine wakanyoreswa muAustralia kekutanga pasi rose, uye maitiro ekutengeserana pasi rose e trifluoxazine akafambira mberi nekukurumidza, uye musi wa1 Chikunguru wegore rimwe chete, chigadzirwa cheBASF (125.0g /L tricfluoxazine + 250.0g /L benzosulfuramide suspension) chakabvumidzwawo kunyoreswa muAustralia.
3.4 Zita reISO re cyclopyranil rakawanikwa muna 2017 - patent inopera muna 2034.
Kambani yekuJapan yakanyorera chikumbiro chepamutemo cheEuropean patent (EP3031806) chemushonga wakajairika, kusanganisira cyclopyranil compound, uye yakatumira chikumbiro chePCT, chinyorwa chepasi rose Nhamba WO2015020156A1, chakanyorwa musi wa7 Nyamavhuvhu, 2014. Patent iyi yakatenderwa muChina, Australia, Brazil, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Russia, neUnited States.
3.5 epyrifenacil yakapihwa zita reISO muna 2020
Epyrifenacil broad spectrum, inokurumidza kushanda, inonyanya kushandiswa muchibage, gorosi, bhari, mupunga, mhunga, soya, donje, shuga beet, nzungu, sunflower, rape, maruva, miriwo yekushongedza, miriwo, kudzivirira masora akawanda ane mashizha akafara uye sora reuswa, senge setae, cow grass, barnyard grass, ryegrass, tail grass nezvimwewo.
3.6 ISO yakatumidzwa zita rekuti flufenoximacil (Flufenoximacil) muna 2022
Fluridine mushonga wePPO unodzivirira sora une masora akawanda, unoshanda nekukurumidza, unoshanda pazuva rimwe chete rekushandisa, uye unochinjika zvakanaka pazvirimwa zvinotevera. Pamusoro pezvo, fluridine ine simba rakawanda, ichideredza huwandu hwezvinhu zvinoshanda zvemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene kusvika padanho regiramu, izvo zvisingakuvadzi nharaunda.
Muna Kubvumbi 2022, fluridine yakanyoreswa muCambodia, kunyorwa kwayo kwekutanga pasi rose. Chigadzirwa chekutanga chine chinhu ichi chikuru chichanyorwa muChina pasi pezita rekutengeserana rekuti "Fast as the wind".
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-26-2024