DEETndeimwe yemishonga mishoma inodzinga utachiona yakaratidzwa kuti inoshanda pakurwisa umhutu, zvikwekwe, nezvimwe zvipembenene zvinonetsa. Asi tichifunga nezvesimba rekemikari iyi, DEET yakachengeteka sei kuvanhu?
DEET, iyo nyanzvi dzemakemikari dzinoti N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, inowanikwa muzvigadzirwa zvinosvika zana nemakumi maviri zvakanyoreswa neUS Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinosanganisira maspray anodzinga zvipembenene, maspray, mafuta ekuchenesa, uye mawipes.
Kubva pakatanga kuburitswa pachena muna 1957, Environmental Protection Agency yakaita ongororo mbiri dzakadzama dzekuchengetedza kemikari iyi.
Asi Bethany Huelskoetter, APRN, DNP, chiremba wemhuri paOSF Healthcare, anoti vamwe varwere havadi zvigadzirwa izvi, vachida izvo zvinotengeswa se "zvechisikigo" kana kuti "zvemiti."
Kunyange zvazvo mishonga iyi inodzinga zvipembenene inogona kutengeswa seisina chepfu yakawanda, mhedzisiro yayo yekudzinga zvipembenene kazhinji haigari kwenguva refu seDEET.
"Dzimwe nguva hazvigoneki kudzivirira mishonga inodzinga zvipembenene nemakemikari. DEET mushonga unodzinga zvipembenene unoshanda zvikuru. Pamishonga yose inodzinga zvipembenene iri pamusika, DEET ndiyo inonyanya kukosha," Huelskoetter akaudza Verywell.
Shandisa mushonga unodzinga utachiona unoshanda kuderedza njodzi yekuvaviwa uye kusagadzikana kubva pakurumwa nezvipembenene. Asi inogonawo kuva nzira yekudzivirira hutano: Vanhu vanosvika hafu yemiriyoni vanowana chirwere cheLyme gore rega rega mushure mekurumwa nezvikwekwe, uye vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni manomwe vakabata chirwere ichi kubva pakatanga kuonekwa hutachiona hweWest Nile hunotapukirwa neumhutu muUS muna 1999. Vanhu vane hutachiona uhwu.
Sekureva kweConsumer Reports, DEET inogara ichionekwa sechinhu chinoshanda zvakanyanya mumishonga inodzinga zvipembenene pahuwandu hwe25%. Kazhinji, huwandu hweDEET hwakakwira muchigadzirwa, kudzivirira kunogara kwenguva refu.
Mimwe mishonga inodzinga zvipembenene inosanganisira picaridin, permethrin, uye PMD (mafuta e lemon eucalyptus).
Ongororo yakaitwa muna 2023 yakaedza mishonga makumi maviri inodzinga mafuta emhando ye "essential oil" yakawana kuti mafuta emhando ye "essential oil" haawanzogara kwenguva inopfuura awa nehafu, uye mamwe aisashanda zvakanaka mushure meinenge miniti imwe chete. Kana tichienzanisa, mushonga unodzinga DEET unogona kudzinga umhutu kwemaawa matanhatu.
Sekureva kweAgency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), migumisiro yakaipa inobva kuDEET haiwanzoitiki. Mumushumo wa2017, sangano iri rakati 88 muzana yekusangana neDEET munzvimbo dzinodzora chepfu haina kukonzera zviratidzo zvinoda kurapwa nehurongwa hwehutano. Vanhu vanenge hafu havana kusangana nemigumisiro yakaipa, uye vazhinji vevamwe vaiva nezviratidzo zvishoma chete, zvakaita sehope, kutsamwa kweganda, kana kukosora kwenguva pfupi, izvo zvakabva zvapera nekukurumidza.
Kubatwa zvakanyanya neDEET kunowanzo kukonzera zviratidzo zvetsinga dzakadai sepfari, kusagona kudzora tsandanyama, hunhu hwehasha, uye kutadza kuziva.
"Tichifunga kuti mamiriyoni evanhu muUnited States vanoshandisa DEET gore rega rega, pane mishumo mishoma kwazvo yemigumisiro yakaipa pahutano inobva mukushandisa DEET," mushumo weATSDR wakadaro.
Unogonawo kudzivirira kurumwa nezvipembenene nekupfeka maoko marefu uye kuchenesa kana kudzivirira chero nzvimbo dzinoberekera zvipembenene, dzakadai semvura yakamira, chivanze chako, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzaunowanzo shanyira.
Kana ukasarudza kushandisa mushonga une DEET, tevera mirayiridzo iri papepa rechigadzirwa. Sekureva kweCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, unofanira kushandisa huwandu hwakaderera hweDEET hunodiwa kuti uchengetedze dziviriro — kwete kupfuura 50 muzana.
Kuti kuderedze njodzi yekufema mishonga inodzinga zvipembenene, CDC inokurudzira kushandisa mishonga inodzinga zvipembenene munzvimbo dzine mhepo inofema zvakanaka kwete munzvimbo dzakavharirwa. Kuti uise kumeso kwako, pfapfaidza mushonga wacho pamaoko ako wozora pachiso chako.
Anowedzera kuti: “Unoda kuti ganda rako rikwanise kufema mushure mekuzora, uye kana ukafema zvakanaka hauzove nekurwadziwa kweganda.”
DEET yakachengeteka kuvana, asi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention inokurudzira kuti vana vari pasi pemakore gumi vasazvizora mushonga wekudzivirira zvipembenene. Vana vari pasi pemwedzi miviri havafanirwe kushandisa mishonga ine DEET.
Zvakakosha kufonera nzvimbo inodzora chepfu nekukasika kana ukafema kana kumedza mushonga une DEET, kana mushonga wacho ukapinda mumaziso ako.
Kana uchitsvaga nzira yakavimbika yekudzivirira zvipembenene, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine umhutu nezvikwekwe, DEET isarudzo yakachengeteka uye inoshanda (chero bedzi ichishandiswa zvichienderana nezvakanyorwa). Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvechisikigo zvingasapa dziviriro yakafanana, saka funga nezvenharaunda uye njodzi yezvirwere zvinotapukirwa nezvipembenene paunosarudza mushonga unodzinga zvipembenene.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-03-2024