Mumakore achangopfuura, nekukurumidzira kwekukura kwemaguta uye kukurumidza kwekutamiswa kwenyika, vashandi vekumaruwa vakawandisa mumaguta, uye kushomeka kwevashandi kwave kuchiwedzera, zvichikonzera kudhura kwevashandi; uye huwandu hwevakadzi vari muvashandi hwawedzera gore negore, uye mishonga yechinyakare yevashandi vari kusangana nematambudziko. Kunyanya nekushandiswa kuri kuitwa kwekuderedza mishonga yezvipembenene nekuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, zvinogona kuvandudza mwero wekushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, kuderedza basa, uye kuunza mukana wakanaka wekugadzirwa kwemishonga yekuponesa vashandi nenzira dzakareruka dzekushandisa. Kugadzirira kwekuchengetedza vashandi nekuchengetedza vashandi kwakadai semadonhwe emvura anopfapfaidza, magranules anoyangarara, mafuta ekuparadzira mafirimu, magranules eU, uye ma microcapsules zvave nzvimbo dzinotsvagisa mabhizinesi eindasitiri mumakore achangopfuura, zvichiunza mukana wakanaka wekusimudzira. Kuvandudzwa kwavo nekushandiswa kwavo kwakatora musika mukuru muminda yemupunga, kusanganisira mimwe michero yemari, uye mikana yakakura kwazvo.
Kugadzirwa kwegadziriro dzekuchengetedza vashandi kuri kuvandudzika
Mumakore gumi apfuura, tekinoroji yemushonga wezvipembenene munyika yangu yakabudirira nekukurumidza, uye kufambira mberi kwekuvandudza nharaunda kwave pachena; kuvandudza mashandiro, kutarisa pakuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza, uye kuderedza huwandu hwemishonga uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka ndiyo chete nzira yekuvandudza.
Mafomula anochengetedza vashandi inyaya itsva dzinotevera mafambiro ezvinhu. Kunyanya, tsvakiridzo inochengetedza vashandi pamafomula emishonga yezvipembenene inoreva kuti vanoshanda vanogona kuchengetedza maawa evashandi nekushanda mumabasa ekushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, ndiko kuti, kudzidza mashandisiro ekushandisa nzira dzinochengetedza vashandi zvakanyanya uye dzinochengetedza vashandi kuti vashandise zvinhu zvinoshanda zvemishonga yezvipembenene nekukurumidza uye nemazvo. Isa panzvimbo yakatarwa yezvirimwa.
Pasi rose, Japan ndiyo nyika iri kusimukira nekukurumidza muhunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza vashandi vezvipembenene, ichiteverwa neSouth Korea. Kugadzirwa kwemishonga inochengetedza vashandi kwakapfuura nematanho matatu ekutsvagisa nekugadzira kubva kumagranules kusvika kumagranules makuru, mafomula anopenya, mafomula anoyerera, uye zvakare kusvika kune mafomula emafuta anopararira nefirimu, granules dzinoyangarara, uye granules dzeU.
Mumakore gumi apfuura, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene yakawedzerawo nekukurumidza munyika yangu, uye kuvandudzwa netekinoroji yemishonga yakafanana nayo yakawedzerwawo kusimudzirwa uye kushandiswa muzvirimwa zvinomiririrwa neminda yemupunga. Parizvino, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene inochengetedza simba inosanganisira mafuta anopararira nefirimu, magranules anoyangarara, magranules eU, ma microcapsules, mishonga inopararira pamusoro pemvura, mishonga inopinza (mapiritsi), magranules makuru, magranules ane huwandu hwakawanda, mishonga yeutsi, mishonga yekubata hove, nezvimwewo.
Mumakore achangopfuura, huwandu hwemishonga inochengetedza vashandi yakanyoreswa munyika yangu hwakawedzera gore negore. Kubva musi wa26 Gumiguru, 2021, China Pesticide Information Network inoratidza kuti kune mishonga makumi maviri nemana yakanyoreswa yemagranules makuru munyika yangu, mishonga gumi yemafuta anoparadzira firimu, mushonga mumwe wakanyoreswa wemushonga unoparadzira pamusoro pemvura, mishonga yeutsi 146, mishonga yekubata hove 262, uye mapiritsi ekupisa. Madosi gumi nenomwe uye mishonga yema microcapsule 303.
Mingde Lida, Zhongbao Lunong, Xin'an Chemical, Shaanxi Thompson, Shandong Kesaiji Nong, Chengdu Xinchaoyang, Shaanxi Xiannong, Jiangxi Zhongxun, Shandong Xianda, Hunan Dafang, Anhui Huaxing Chemical, nezvimwe. Mutungamiriri.
Magadzirirwo anonyanya kushandiswa ekuderedza vashandi muminda yemupunga
Kuti titi kugadzirira kwekuchengetedza vashandi ndiko kunonyanya kushandiswa, uye hurongwa hwehunyanzvi hwakura, ichiri munda wemupunga.
Minda yemupunga ndiyo zvirimwa zvinonyanya kushandiswa muminda yemupunga inochengetedza vashandi. Mushure mekuvandudzwa kwemakore achangopfuura, mhando dzemupimo wemushonga wemupunga dzinochengetedza vashandi dzinoshandiswa muminda yemupunga munyika yangu dzinosanganisira mafuta anopararira nefirimu, magranules anoyangarara uye magranules anopararira pamusoro pemvura (U granules). Pakati pazvo, mafuta anopararira nefirimu ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa.
Mafuta anopararira nefirimu imhando yemuyero umo mushonga wekutanga unonyungudutswa zvakananga mumafuta. Kunyanya, imafuta anoumbwa nekuwedzera chinhu chakakosha chinopararira nekuparadzira mumafuta akajairwa. Kana ashandiswa, anodonhedzwa zvakananga mumunda wemupunga kuti apararire, uye mushure mekupararira, anopararira pamusoro pemvura ega kuti aite basa rawo. Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvemumba zvakaita se4% thifur·azoxystrobin film spreading oil, 8% thiazide film spreading oil, 1% spirulina ethanolamine salt film spreading oil, nezvimwewo, zvinoiswa nekudonhedza, izvo zviri nyore kwazvo. Muumbirwo wemafuta anotambanudza firimu unosanganisira zvinhu zvinoshanda, masurfactants, uye zvinonyungudutsa mafuta, uye zviratidzo zvekudzora kunaka zvinosanganisira zviri mukati mechinhu chinoshanda, pH range, surface tension, equilibrium interfacial tension, hunyoro, kupararira nekukurumidza, nzvimbo inopararira, kugadzikana kwekupisa kwakaderera, thermal storage.
Magranules anoyangarara imhando itsva yemushonga wezvipembenene unoyangarara zvakananga pamusoro pemvura mushure mekuiswa mumvura, wobva wapararira nekukurumidza pamusoro pemvura yese, wozobva waparara wopararira mumvura. Zvikamu zvayo zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvinoshanda zvezvipembenene, zvinozadza zvinoyangarara, zvinosunga, zvinoparadzira zvinoparadzira, nezvimwewo. Muumbirwo wemagranules anoyangarara unosanganisira zvinhu zvinoshanda, zvinoyangarara, uye zvinoparadzira zvinoparadzira, uye zviratidzo zvayo zvekudzora hunhu zvinosanganisira chitarisiko, nguva yekuparara, mwero wekuyangarara, daro rekupararira, mwero wekuparara, uye kuparara.
MaU granules anoumbwa nezvinhu zvinoshanda, zvinotakura, zvinosunga uye zvinoparadzira. Kana zvikashandiswa muminda yemupunga, maU granules anogadzika pasi kwenguva pfupi, uye maU granules anozodzokazve kuti afambe. Pakupedzisira, chinhu chinoshanda chinonyunguduka uye chinopararira kumativi ese pamusoro pemvura. Kugadzirwa kwekutanga kwaive kugadzirwa kwecypermethrin yekudzora chipembenene chemupunga. Muumbirwo weU granules unosanganisira zvinhu zvinoshanda, zvinotakura, zvinosunga, uye zvinoparadzira, uye zviratidzo zvekudzora kunaka kwayo zvinosanganisira chitarisiko, nguva yekutanga kupfakanyika, nguva yekupedza kupfakanyika, daro rekupararira, chiyero chekupwanyika, uye kuparara.
Sekureva kwevanoona nezveindasitiri, Japan neSouth Korea dzakakurudzira kushandiswa kweU granules nefloating granules zvakanyanya, asi pane zvidzidzo zvishoma zvemuno, uye hapana zvigadzirwa zvine chekuita nazvo zvakaiswa pamusika parizvino. Zvisinei, zvinofungidzirwa kuti pachava nezvigadzirwa zvefloating granules zviri pamusika muChina munguva pfupi iri kutevera. Panguva iyoyo, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvepamvura zvinoyangarara pamusoro pemvura kana zvigadzirwa zvemapiritsi zvinoyangarara zvichatsiviwa zvakatevedzana mumishonga yemupunga, izvo zvichaita kuti zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvemupunga zvemumba zvishandiswe. Varimi vanobatsirwa nemashandisirwo azvinoitwa.
Magadzirirwo emushonga wakavharirwa muzvikamu zvidiki anova nzvimbo inotevera yepamusoro mumakwikwi muindasitiri iyi
Pakati pemapoka ekugadzirira anochengetedza vashandi, kugadzirira kwakavharirwa muzvikamu zvidiki kwave kuri chinhu chinonyanya kutariswa neindasitiri mumakore achangopfuura.
Kumiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene inonzi pesticide microcapsule suspension (CS) zvinoreva mushonga wezvipembenene unoshandisa zvinhu zvepolymer zvakagadzirwa kana zvakasikwa kugadzira chinhu chemukati meganda, wofukidza mushonga wezvipembenene uri mauri, wouisa mumvura. Unosanganisira zvikamu zviviri, goko recapsule negoko recapsule, goko recapsule chinhu chinoshanda chemishonga yezvipembenene, uye goko recapsule chinhu chinogadzira polymer. Tekinoroji yeMicroencapsulation yakatanga kushandiswa kunze kwenyika, kusanganisira mimwe mishonga yezvipembenene nefungicides, iyo yakakunda matambudziko ehunyanzvi uye emari, uye yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya muChina mumakore achangopfuura. Sekureva kweChina Pesticide Information Network, kubva muna Gumiguru 26, 2021, huwandu hwezvigadzirwa zvekugadzirira zvakanyoreswa munyika yangu hwaive 303, uye mishonga yakanyoreswa yaisanganisira 245 microcapsule suspensions, 33 microcapsule suspensions, uye mbeu microcapsule suspensions. Magranule gumi nerimwe, mishonga yekubvisa mhodzi ye microcapsule, upfu hwe microcapsule hutatu, magranule manomwe e microcapsule, microcapsule imwe, uye imwe microcapsule suspension-aqueous emulsion.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti huwandu hwema microcapsule suspensions akanyoreswa muma microcapsule epamba ndiwo akakura, uye mhando dzemhando dzakanyoreswa dzemushonga dzakaderera, saka pane nzvimbo yakakura yekuvandudza.
Liu Runfeng, director weR&D Center yeYunfa Biological Group, akati ma microcapsules, semushonga unochengetedza nharaunda, ane mabhenefiti ekushanda kwenguva refu, kuchengetedzeka uye kuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda. Imwe yacho inzvimbo inonyanya kufarirwa mukutsvaga mumakore achangopfuura, uye ndiyo nzvimbo itsva inotevera yekukwikwidzana nevagadziri. Parizvino, tsvakiridzo yemuno pama capsules inonyanya kutariswa mumayunivhesiti nemasangano ekutsvagisa kwesainzi, uye tsvakiridzo yekutanga yedzidziso yakanyatsojeka. Nekuti kune zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda zvehunyanzvi mukugadzirwa kwema microcapsule, asingasviki zana anotengeswa, uye hapana ma microcapsule preparations muChina. Capsule products mabhizinesi ekugadzirira mishonga ine makwikwi makuru.
Mumakwikwi emusika aripo iye zvino, pamusoro penzvimbo isingaparare yemakambani ekare ekune dzimwe nyika mumoyo yevanhu vekuChina, makambani matsva emuno akadai saMingde Lida, Hailier, Lier, naGuangxi Tianyuan anovimba nehunhu kuti akunde dambudziko iri. Pakati pavo, Mingde Lida akaputsa pfungwa yekuti zvigadzirwa zvekuChina hazvina kunaka semakambani ekune dzimwe nyika ari munzira iyi.
Liu Runfeng akazivisa kuti tekinoroji ye microencapsulation ndiyo inonyanya kukwikwidzana neMindleader. Mindleader yakagadzira mishonga yakaita se beta-cyhalothrin, metolachlor, prochloraz, uye abamectin: Kune zvigadzirwa zvinopfuura makumi maviri zvakabvumidzwa uye zviri kurongeka kuti zvinyoreswe muzvikamu zvina zvikuru: fungicide microcapsule series, zvipembenene microcapsule series, herbicide microcapsule series, uye seed coating microcapsule series. Zvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakafukidzwa, zvakaita semupunga, citrus, miriwo, gorosi, maapuro, chibage, maapuro, mazambiringa, nzungu, nezvimwewo.
Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zveMingde Lida zve microcapsule zvakanyorwa kana kuti zvava kuda kunyorwa muChina zvinosanganisira Delica® (25% beta-cyhalothrin uye clothianidin microcapsule suspension-suspension agent), Lishan® (45% essence Metolachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Lizao® (30% Oxadiazone·Butachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Minggong® (30% Prochloraz Microcapsule Suspension), Jinggongfu ® (23% beta-cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension), Miaowanjin® (25% clothianidin·metalaxyl·fludioxonil seed treatment microcapsule suspension-suspension), Deliang® (5% Abamectin Microcapsule Suspension), Mingdaoshou® (25% Prochloraz·Blastamide Microcapsule Suspension), nezvimwewo. Mune ramangwana, pachava nemamwe ma combination formulations matsva akagadzirwa kuita microcapsule suspensions. Nekunyoreswa kwemishonga yekunze kwenyika, zvigadzirwa zveMingde Lida zve microcapsule zvichatanga kushambadzwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye kushandiswa pasi rose.
Achitaura nezvekutsvaga nekuvandudza kwemangwana kwema microcapsules ezvipembenene mune ramangwana, Liu Runfeng akaburitsa pachena kuti pachava nematanho mashanu anotevera: 1 kubva pakuburitswa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pakuburitswa kwakadzorwa; 1. Zvinhu zvemadziro zvine hushamwari kune nharaunda panzvimbo pezvinhu zvemadziro zvakagadzirwa kuti zvideredze kuburitswa kwe "microplastics" munzvimbo; 1. Zvichibva pakugadzirwa kweFormula yemamiriro akasiyana ekushandisa; 1. Nzira dzekugadzirira dzakachengeteka uye dzine hushamwari kune nharaunda; 1. Nzira dzekuongorora dzesainzi. Kuvandudza kugadzikana kwemhando yezvigadzirwa zve microcapsule suspension kuchava chinangwa chemakambani anomiririrwa naMingde Lida mune ramangwana.
Mukupfupisa, nekufambira mberi kwakadzama kwekuderedza mishonga yezvipembenene uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, kudiwa kwemusika uye mukana wemishonga yekuderedza vashandi zvichawedzerwa uye zvichaburitswa, uye ramangwana rayo richava risina muganho. Ehe, pachavawo nemakambani ekugadzirira akanaka kwazvo anodirana mugwara iri, uye makwikwi achava akanyanya. Nokudaro, vanhu vari muindasitiri vanoda kuti makambani emishonga yezvipembenene emuno asimbise kutsvagisa nekugadzira mishonga yezvipembenene, kuwedzera mari mukutsvaga kwesainzi, kuongorora kushandiswa kwetekinoroji mukugadzirisa mishonga yezvipembenene, kukurudzira kusimudzirwa kwemishonga yekuderedza vashandi, uye kushandira kurima zviri nani.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-05-2022