Mushonga wezvipembenene-treated mosquito nets inzira isingadhuri yekudzivirira marariya vector uye inofanirwa kurapwa nemishonga uye inoraswa nguva nenguva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mambure eumhutu ane mishonga yezvipembenene inzira inobudirira zvikuru munzvimbo dzine chirwere chemalaria. Sekuburitswa kwakaitwa 2020 World Health Organisation, inoda kusvika hafu yevanhu pasi rose vari panjodzi yekubatwa nemarariya, uye vanhu vazhinji uye ndufu dziri kuitika kumaodzanyemba kweSahara muAfrica, kusanganisira Ethiopia. Nekudaro, huwandu hukuru hwezviitiko nerufu zvakashumwawo munzvimbo dzeWHO dzakadai seSouth-East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean, Western Pacific neAmerica.
Malaria chirwere chinotapukira chinotyisidzira upenyu chinokonzerwa neutachiona hunotapurirwa vanhu kuburikidza nekurumwa neumhutu hukadzi hunonzi Anopheles. Uku kutyisidzira kunoramba kuripo kunoratidza kudikanwa kwekukurumidzira kwekuenderera mberi kwekuedza kwehutano hweveruzhinji kurwisa chirwere ichi.
Ongororo yakaratidza kuti kushandiswa kweITNs kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya chirwere chemalaria, nefungidziro dziri kubva pa45% kusvika pa50%.
Nekudaro, kuwedzera kwekuruma kwekunze kunogadzira matambudziko anogona kukanganisa kushanda kwekushandisa kwakakodzera kweITNs. Kugadzirisa kurumwa kwekunze kwakakosha mukuwedzera kuderedza kutapurirana kwemalaria nekuvandudza hutano hweveruzhinji. Kuchinja kwehunhu uku kunogona kunge kuri mhinduro kune yakasarudzika kudzvanywa kunoitwa neITNs, iyo inonyanya kunanga nharaunda dzemukati. Nokudaro, kuwedzera kwekurumwa kwemhutu kwekunze kunoratidza mukana wekutapurirwa kwemarariya kunze, kuratidza kudiwa kwekunangwa kwekunze kwevector control interventions. Nekudaro, nyika zhinji dzine chirwere chemalaria dzine mitemo inotsigira kushandiswa pasi rose kweITN kudzora kurumwa netumbuyu kunze, asi huwandu hwevanhu vakarara pasi pemambure ekudzivirira mosquito muAfrica yekumaodzanyemba kweSahara hunofungidzirwa kuva 55% muna 2015. 5,24
Takaita ongororo yenharaunda-yakatarisana nenharaunda kuona mashandisirwo emambure eumhutu ane mishonga yezvipembenene nezvimwe zvinosanganisirwa nazvo muna Nyamavhuvhu-Gunyana 2021.
Chidzidzo ichi chakaitwa muPawi woreda, imwe yematunhu manomwe eMetekel County muBenishangul-Gumuz State. Dunhu rePawi riri muBenishangul-Gumuz State, 550 km maodzanyemba akadziva kumadokero kweAddis Ababa uye 420 km kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAssosa.
Muenzaniso wechidzidzo ichi waisanganisira mukuru wemba kana chero nhengo yemba ine makore 18 zvichikwira anga agara pamba kweinenge mwedzi mitanhatu.
Vakapindura vakanga vakanyanya kana kurwara zvakanyanya uye vasingakwanisi kutaura panguva yekuunganidza data havana kubatanidzwa kubva kumuenzaniso.
Zvishandiso: Data yakaunganidzwa pachishandiswa mubvunzurudzo-inotungamirirwa mibvunzo uye chinyorwa chekucherechedza chakagadzirwa maererano nezvidzidzo zvakadhindwa zvakakodzera nezvimwe zvakagadziridzwa31. Bvunzurudzo yebvunzo yaive nezvikamu zvishanu: magariro nenhamba, kushandiswa uye ruzivo rweICH, chimiro chemhuri uye saizi, uye hunhu/maitiro, zvakagadzirirwa kuunganidza ruzivo rwekutanga nezve vatori vechikamu. Rondedzero yacho ine nzvimbo yekutenderedza zvakacherechedzwa zvakaitwa. Yakanamatirwa pagwaro remibvunzo yeimba imwe neimwe kuitira kuti vashandi vomumunda vagogona kuongorora zvavakaona pasina kudzongonyedza bvunzurudzo. Sekutaura kwetsika, takataura kuti zvidzidzo zvedu zvaisanganisira vatori vechikamu vevanhu uye zvidzidzo zvinosanganisira vatori vechikamu vevanhu zvinofanira kuenderana neDeclaration of Helsinki. Naizvozvo, iyo Institutional Ongororo Bhodhi yeKoreji yeMishonga uye Hutano Sayenzi, Bahir Dar University yakatendera maitiro ese anosanganisira chero akakodzera ruzivo rwakaitwa zvinoenderana negwara rakakodzera uye mirau uye neruzivo rwemvumo yakawanikwa kubva kune vese vatori vechikamu.
Kuti tive nechokwadi chemhando yedata muchidzidzo chedu, takashandisa nzira dzakakosha dzakati wandei. Kutanga, vaunganidzi ve data vakanyatsodzidziswa kuti vanzwisise zvinangwa zvechidzidzo uye zviri mugwaro remibvunzo kuderedza zvikanganiso. Tisati taitwa zvizere, takaedza-bvunzo yemibvunzo kuona nekugadzirisa chero nyaya. Yakamisikidzwa nzira dzekuunganidza data kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenderana, uye yakagadzika nzira dzekutarisa dzekutarisa vashandi vemumunda uye kuona kuti maprotocol anoteverwa. Kuongorora kwechokwadi kwakaiswa mubhuku remibvunzo kuchengetedza kutevedzana kunonzwisisika kwemhinduro. Kupinza dhata kaviri kwakashandiswa pahuwandu hwedata kuderedza kukanganisa kwekupinda, uye data yakaunganidzwa yaigara ichiongororwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuzara uye chokwadi. Pamusoro pezvo, takagadzira nzira dzemhinduro dzevanotora data kuti vavandudze maitiro uye tive nechokwadi chetsika, zvichibatsira kuwedzera kuvimba kwevatori vechikamu nekuvandudza kunaka kwekupindura.
Pakupedzisira, multivariate logistic regression yakashandiswa kuzivisa kufanotaura kwemhedzisiro yemhedzisiro uye kugadzirisa kune covariates. Kunaka kwekukwana kweiyo binary logistic regression modhi yakaedzwa uchishandisa Hosmer uye Lemeshow bvunzo. Kune ese maedzo enhamba, kukosha kweP <0.05 kwainzi ndiyo cutoff point yekukosha kwenhamba. Multicollinearity yezvipembenene zvakazvimiririra yakaongororwa uchishandisa kushivirira uye kusiyanisa inflation factor (VIF). COR, AOR, uye 95% nguva yekusavimbika yakashandiswa kuona simba rekubatana pakati pezvakazvimiririra zvemhando uye mabhinari anotsamira akasiyana.
Kuziva nezvekushandiswa kwemambure eumhutu ane mishonga yezvipembenene muParweredas, Benishangul-Gumuz Dunhu, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweEthiopia.
Mambure eumhutu ane mishonga yezvipembenene ave mudziyo wakakosha pakudzivirira marariya munzvimbo dzine dambudziko guru sePawi County. Zvisinei nekuedza kukuru kwakaitwa neFederal Ministry of Health yekuEthiopia kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemambure eumhutu ane mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, zvipingamupinyi pakushandiswa kwavo kwakapararira zvichiripo.
Mune mamwe matunhu, panogona kunge paine kusanzwisisana kana kuramba kushandiswa kwemambure ane mishonga yezvipembenene, zvichiita kuti pave nemazinga akaderera ekubatwa. Dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogona kutarisana nematambudziko akadai sekunetsana, kutamiswa kana hurombo hwakanyanya hunogona kudzikisira kugovaniswa nekushandiswa kwemambure ane mishonga yezvipembenene, senge Benishangul-Gumuz-Metekel.
Kusiyana uku kunogona kunge kuri nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati kuti, kusanganisira nguva yenguva pakati pezvidzidzo (paavhareji, makore matanhatu), misiyano yekuziva nedzidzo nezvekudzivirira marariya, uye kusiyana kwedunhu mumabasa ekusimudzira. Kushandiswa kweITNs kunowanzo kukwira munzvimbo dzine dzidzo inoshanda uye hutano huri nani. Pamusoro pezvo, tsika dzechivanhu nezvitendero zvemunharaunda zvinogona kukanganisa kugamuchirwa kwekushandisa mambure emubhedha. Sezvo chidzidzo ichi chakaitwa munzvimbo dzine marariya dzine hutano huri nani uye kugoverwa kweITN, kuwanikwa uye kuwanikwa kwemambure emubhedha kunogona kunge kwakakwirira kana ichienzaniswa nenzvimbo dzisina kushandiswa kwakaderera.
Kudyidzana pakati pezera nekushandisa ITN kunogona kukonzerwa nezvinhu zvakati wandei: vechidiki vanowanzo shandisa ITNs kakawanda nekuti vanonzwa vaine mutoro wehutano hwevana vavo. Pamusoro pezvo, mishandirapamwe yezvehutano ichangoburwa yakanangana nezvizvarwa zvechidiki, zvichisimudzira ruzivo nezvekudzivirira marariya. Kurudziro yemagariro, kusanganisira vezera uye maitiro enharaunda, anogonawo kuita basa, sezvo vechidiki vanowanzova vanogamuchira zvakanyanya kuzano idzva rehutano.
Mukuwedzera, ivo vanowanzova nekuwana zviri nani kune zviwanikwa uye vanowanzoda kutora maitiro matsva uye matekinoroji, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti vachashandisa IPOs nguva dzose.
Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri nekuti dzidzo inodyidzana nezvakawanda zvinoenderana. Vanhu vane mazinga edzidzo yepamusoro vanowanzove nekuwana ruzivo zviri nani uye kunzwisisa kukuru kwekukosha kweITNs mukudzivirira marariya. Vanowanzo kuve nemazinga epamusoro ekuverenga nezvehutano, zvichivabvumira kududzira zvine mutsindo ruzivo rwehutano uye kutaurirana nevarapi vehutano. Pamusoro pezvo, dzidzo inowanzobatanidzwa nekuvandudzika kwemagariro nehupfumi, izvo zvinopa vanhu zviwanikwa zvekuwana nekuchengetedza maITN. Vanhu vakadzidza vanogonawo kupikisa zvinotendwa netsika nemagariro, kuva vanogamuchira zvakanyanya kune zvitsva zvehutano matekinoroji, uye kuita maitiro akanaka ehutano, nekudaro vachipesvedzera zvakanaka kushandiswa kweITN nevezera ravo.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-12-2025