Kukura kwezvirimwaMushonga unodzivisa kukura kwezvirimwa unokosha zvikuru pakudyara zvirimwa. Nekudzora kukura kwezvirimwa uye kubereka, mhando yepamusoro uye goho guru zvinogona kuwanikwa. Zvinodzivisa kukura kwezvirimwa zvinowanzo sanganisira paclobutrazol, uniconazole, peptidomimetics, chlormethalin, nezvimwewo. Semhando itsva yemushonga unodzivisa kukura kwezvirimwa, prohexadione calcium yave ichinyanya kutariswa mumusika mumakore achangopfuura, uye huwandu hwemishonga yakanyoreswa hwakawedzerawo nekukurumidza. Zvadaro,paclobutrazol, niconazole, paroxamine, chlorhexidine, uye prohexadione calcium, ndeapi musiyano uripo pakushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa izvi pamusika?
(1) Prohexadione calcium: Imhando itsva yechinhu chinodzora kukura kwezvirimwa.
Basa nderekuti inogona kudzikamisa GA1 mu gibberellin, kupfupisa kureba kwehunde yemiti, uye nokudaro ichidzora kukura kwemiti nemakumbo. Panguva imwe chete, haina simba paGA4 iyo inodzora kusiyana kwemabukira emaruva emiti uye kukura kwezviyo.
Prohexadione calcium yakatanga kutengeswa muJapan muna 1994 se acyl cyclohexanedione growth retardant. Kuwanikwa kweprohexadione calcium kwakasiyana nekwe quaternary ammonium salts (chameleon, mepinium), triazoles (paclobutrazol, alkene). Zvinodzivisa kukura kwemiti zvakaita se oxazole) zvakagadzira munda mutsva wekudzivisa gibberellin biosynthesis pakupera kwechikamu, uye zvakatengeswa uye zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya muEurope neUnited States. Parizvino, prohexadione-calcium iri kushushikana zvikuru nemabhizinesi emuno, chikonzero chikuru ndechekuti kana ichienzaniswa nezvinodzivirira triazole, prohexadione-calcium haina chepfu inosara kumiti inotenderera, haina kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye ine mukana wakasimba. Mune ramangwana, inogona kutsiva zvinodzivisa kukura kwetriazole, uye ine mukana wakakura wekushandiswa muminda, miti yemichero, maruva, mishonga yeChinese uye zvirimwa zvehupfumi.
(2) Paclobutrazol: Inodzivirira gibberellic acid yezvirimwa. Inoita kuti zvirimwa zvisakure zvakanaka, inoderedza kureba kwehunde, inoderedza ma internodes, inokurudzira kurima, inowedzera kusimba kwezvirimwa, inokurudzira kusiyana kwemabukira emaruva uye kuwedzera goho. Paclobutrazol yakakodzera zvirimwa zvakaita semupunga, gorosi, nzungu, miti yemichero, soya, huswa, nezvimwewo, uye ine simba guru rekudzora kukura.
Migumisiro ye paclobutrazol: Kushandiswa zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera zvirimwa zvidiki, midzi netumbu twakakanganisika, mashizha akakombama, maruva asina kusimba, kudonha mashizha ekare pasi pevhu nguva isati yakwana, uye mashizha madiki anokombama uye anoderera. Nekuda kwenguva refu kwekushanda kwe paclobutrazol, kushandiswa kwakanyanya kucharamba kuri muvhu, uye kuchaitawo kuti mbeu inotevera ive nechirwere che phytotoxicity, zvichikonzera kusava nembeu, kunonoka kumera, mwero wekudzikira kwembeu, uye kuderera kwechimiro chembeu nezvimwe zviratidzo zve phytotoxicity.
(3) Uniconazole: Inodzivirirawo gibberellin. Ine mabasa ekudzora kukura kwezvirimwa, kupfupisa ma internodes, kuita kuti zvirimwa zvidiki zvisashande zvakanaka, kukurudzira kukura kwemabukira eparutivi uye kusiyana kwemabukira emaruva, uye kuwedzera kusimba kwekudzivirira kushushikana. Nekuda kwekubatana kwakasimba kwecarbon paclobutrazol, basa rayo rehupenyu uye mhedzisiro yekurapa zvakapetwa ka6 kusvika ku10 uye zvakapetwa ka4 kusvika ku10 kupfuura paclobutrazol, zvichiteerana, uye huwandu hwasara muvhu hunongova chikamu chimwe muzvina chepaclobutrazol, uye kushanda kwayo. Mwero wekuora unokurumidza, uye kukanganisa zvirimwa zvinotevera i1/5 chete yepaclobutrazol.
Migumisiro ye uniconazole: kana ikashandiswa zvakanyanya, inokonzera chepfu kumiti, ichikonzera kutsva kwemiti, kuoma, kukura zvisina kunaka, kushata kwemashizha, mashizha anodonha, maruva anodonha, michero inodonha, kunonoka kukura, nezvimwewo, uye kushandiswa muchikamu chembeu yemuriwo kunokanganisawo kukura kwembeu. Ine chepfuwo kuhove uye haina kukodzera kushandiswa mumadziva ehove nedzimwe nzvimbo dzemhuka dzemumvura.
(4) Peptidamine (Mepinium): Inodzivirira gibberellin. Inogona kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwechlorophyll, chirimwa chakasimba, chinogona kunyudzwa nemashizha nemidzi yechirimwa, uye kuendeswa kuchirimwa chose, nokudaro ichidzivisa kureba kwemasero uye kutonga kweapical, uye inogonawo kupfupisa internodes uye kuita kuti rudzi rwechirimwa ruve diki. Inogona kunonotsa kukura kwechirimwa, kudzivirira chirimwa kuti chisakure zvakanaka, uye kunonotsa kuvhara. Peptamine inogona kuvandudza kugadzikana kwemasero uye kuwedzera kudzivirira kushushikana kwechirimwa. Kana ichienzaniswa nepaclobutrazol neuniconazole, ine hunhu hwakapfava hwekurapa, haina kushatirwa, uye yakachengeteka zvakanyanya. Inogona kushandiswa munguva dzese dzezvirimwa, kunyangwe muchikamu chekubereka nemaruva apo zvirimwa zvinonzwa zvakanyanya mishonga. , uye hapana migumisiro yakaipa.
(5) Chlormetrodin: Inoita kuti pave nekudzora kushanda zvakanyanya nekudzivisa kugadzirwa kwegibberellin yemukati. Chlormetrodin ine simba rinotonga kukura kwezvirimwa, inoenzanisa kukura kwezvirimwa nekukura kwekubereka, inovandudza kusviba kwembeu uye mwero wekugadzika kwemichero, uye inowedzera kurima zvakanaka. Inononoka kureba kwemasero, zvirimwa zvidiki, madzinde akasimba, uye inopfupisa ma internodes.
Kusiyana nepaclobutrazol nemepiperonium, paclobutrazol inowanzo shandiswa padanho rembeu uye padanho rekutanga kumera, uye ine mhedzisiro yakanaka panzungu, asi mhedzisiro pazvirimwa zvematsutso nechando ndeyese; Pazvirimwa zvipfupi, kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwechlormethalin kunowanzo kukonzera kudzikira kwezvirimwa uye toxicity yezvirimwa zvakaoma kuderedza; mepipenium haina kunyanyisa, uye inogona kuderedzwa nekupfapfaidza gibberellin kana kudiridza kuti iwedzere kubereka mushure mekuora kwezvirimwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-19-2022