Kushanda kwemishonga inouraya umhutu kunogona kusiyana zvakanyanya panguva dzakasiyana dzezuva, pamwe chete nemasikati neusiku. Ongororo yeFlorida yakawana kuti umhutu hwemusango hweAedes aegypti husingadyiwi nepermethrin ndihwo hwainyanya kubatwa nemushonga uyu pakati pehusiku nekubuda kwezuva. Kusashanda kwemishonga kwakawedzera mukati mezuva, apo umhutu hwainyanya kushanda, huchisvika pakusviba uye hafu yekutanga yehusiku.
Zvakawanikwa muongororo yakaitwa nevaongorori vepaYunivhesiti yeFlorida (UF) zvine zvazvinoreva zvakanyanya pakudzora zvipembenenenyanzvi, zvichivabvumira kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene zvinobudirira, kuchengetedza mari, uye kuderedza kukanganisa kwayo zvakatipoteredza. "Takaona kuti huwandu hwakanyanya hwepermethrinzvaidiwa kuuraya umhutu na6pm na10pm Data iyi inoratidza kuti permethrin inogona kushanda zvakanyanya kana ikashandiswa pakati pehusiku nemangwanani (6am) pane panguva yemanheru (anenge 6pm),” akadaro Lt. Sierra Schloop, mumwe wevanyori vechidzidzo ichi. Chidzidzo ichi chakaburitswa muJournal of Medical Entomology muna Kukadzi. Schloop, mukuru wezvezvipembenene neUF Naval Sealift Command, mudzidzi wedoctorate muzvezvipembenene paYunivhesiti yeFlorida pamwe chete naEva Buckner, Ph.D., munyori mukuru wechidzidzo ichi.
Zvingaita sezvine musoro kuti nguva yakanakisa yekuisa mushonga wezvipembenene kumhutu ndiyo nguva yazvinowanzo rira, kubhururuka, uye kuruma, asi handizvo zvinoitika nguva dzose, kunyanya mukuyedza ne permethrin, imwe yemishonga miviri inonyanya kushandiswa yekudzora umhutu muUnited States, yakashandiswa muchidzidzo ichi. Umhutu hweAedes aegypti hunoruma zvikuru masikati, mukati nekunze, uye hunonyanya kushanda maawa maviri mushure mekubuda kwezuva uye maawa mashoma zuva risati ranyura. Chiedza chekugadzira chinogona kuwedzera nguva yahunogona kupedza murima.
Utachiona hweAedes aegypti (hunozivikanwa seyellow fever mosquito) hunowanikwa mumakondinendi ese kunze kweAntarctica uye ndihwo hunokonzera mavhairasi anokonzera chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, uye Zika. Hunonzi hunokonzera kupararira kwezvirwere zvakawanda zvinopararira muFlorida.
Zvisinei, Schluep akataura kuti chokwadi kune rumwe rudzi rweumhutu muFlorida chingasave chokwadi kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakaita senzvimbo, zvinogona kukonzera kuti mhedzisiro ye genome yeumhutu hwakati siyane neyeChihuahuas neGreat Danes. Nokudaro, akasimbisa kuti zvakawanikwa muchidzidzo ichi zvinoshanda chete kune umhutu hune yellow fever muFlorida.
Zvisinei, pane imwe nyevero. Zvakawanikwa muchidzidzo ichi zvinogona kuverengerwa kuti zvitibatsire kunzwisisa zviri nani mamwe marudzi emhuka idzi.
Zvakawanikwa zvikuru kubva muongororo iyi zvakaratidza kuti mamwe majini anogadzira ma enzymes anogaya uye anobvisa chepfu mu permethrin akakanganiswawo nekuchinja kwechiedza mumaawa makumi maviri nemana. Chidzidzo ichi chakanyanya kutarisa pamajini mashanu chete, asi mhedzisiro yacho inogona kutorwa kubva kune mamwe majini asiri muchidzidzo ichi.
"Tichifunga nezvezvatinoziva nezvemaitiro aya uye nezvehupenyu hweumhutu, zvine musoro kuwedzera pfungwa iyi kupfuura majini aya nehuwandu uhwu hwemhuka," akadaro Schluep.
Kuonekwa kana kushanda kwemajini aya kunotanga kuwedzera mushure ma2pm uye kunosvika pakakwirira murima pakati pa6pm na2am Schlup anotaura kuti pamajini akawanda anobatanidzwa mukuita uku, mashanu chete ndiwo akaongororwa. Anoti izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekuti kana majini aya ari kushanda nesimba, kubviswa kwechepfu mumuviri kunowedzerwa. Ma enzymes anogona kuchengetwa kuti ashandiswe mushure mekunge kugadzirwa kwawo kwaderera.
"Kunzwisisa zviri nani kusiyana kwezuva nezuva kwekusagona kuuraya zvipembenene kunokonzerwa nema enzymes ekuburitsa tsvina muAedes aegypti kunogona kubvumira kushandiswa kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene panguva iyo mukana wekuuraya zvipembenene wakakwira uye basa rema enzymes ekuburitsa tsvina mumasero riri pasi," akadaro.
"Kuchinja kwezuva nezuva mukunzwa kwepermethrin uye kutaura kwemajini emuviri muAedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) muFlorida"
Ed Ricciuti mutori wenhau, munyori, uye nyanzvi yezvisikwa anga achinyora kwemakore anopfuura makumi mashanu. Bhuku rake razvino rinonzi Backyard Bears: Big Animals, Suburban Sprawl, and the New Urban Jungle (Countryman Press, Chikumi 2014). Makwara ake akapararira pasi rese. Anonyanya kudzidza nezvezvisikwa, sainzi, kuchengetedza, uye kutevedzera mitemo. Aimbove mutariri weNew York Zoological Society uye ikozvino anoshanda kuWildlife Conservation Society. Anogona kunge ari iye ega munhu ari pa57th Street muManhattan akarumwa necoati.
Umhutu hweAedes scapularis hwakambowanikwa kamwe chete kare, muna 1945 muFlorida. Zvisinei, chidzidzo chitsva chemasampuli eumhutu chakaunganidzwa muna 2020 chakaratidza kuti umhutu hweAedes scapularis hwava kugara muMiami-Dade neBroward countys kuFlorida mainland. [Verenga zvakawanda]
Mhuka dzine musoro wekona dzinowanikwa kuCentral neSouth America uye dzinowanikwa munzvimbo mbiri chete muUnited States: Dania Beach nePompano Beach, Florida. Ongororo itsva yemajini evanhu vaviri ava inoratidza kuti dzakabva mukupindira kumwe chete. [Verenga zvakawanda]
Mushure mekuwanikwa kwekuti umhutu hunogona kufamba daro refu uchishandisa mhepo dziri mudenga, tsvakiridzo yakawedzerwa iri kuwedzera mhando nemarudzi eumhutu hunobatanidzwa mukutama kwakadaro - zvinhu zvinozoomesa kuedza kwekuderedza kupararira kwemalaria nezvimwe zvirwere zvinotapurirwa neumhutu muAfrica. [Verenga zvakawanda]
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-26-2025