I. Hunhu Hukuru hweChlorantraniliprole
Mushonga uyuimushonga unoshanda mumasero (wema "nicotinic receptor activator"). Inoita kuti ma "nicotinic receptors" ezvipembenene arambe akavhurika zvisina kujairika kwenguva yakareba, zvichikonzera kuburitswa kwema "calcium ions" akachengetwa mumasero pasina muganho. Calcium pool inoderera, zvichiita kuti kurongeka kwetsandanyama kushaye simba, kuoma mitezo, uye pakupedzisira kufa.
1. Mushonga uyu une simba guru rekuuraya zvipembenene uye une simba rakasiyana-siyana rekudzivirira. Unoshanda kuzvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Unonyanya kudzora zvipembenene zve lepidopteran uye unogona kukanganisa kusangana kwezvipembenene zve lepidopteran, zvichideredza kuwanda kwezvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana zvinouraya zvipembenene. Unewo simba rakanaka rekudzivirira zvipembenene zve scarabaeid nezvipembenene zvakaita se aphid mu Hemiptera, zvipembenene zvakaita se aphid mu Hemiptera, zvipembenene zve scale mu Homoptera, uye zvipembenene zvemichero mu Diptera. Zvisinei, basa rawo rakaderera zvakanyanya pane rekurwisa zvipembenene zve lepidopteran uye rinofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemutengo-kushanda kwechikamu.
2. Mushonga uyu wakachengeteka kune mhuka dzinoyamwisa nemhuka dzine mapfupa anotenderera. Mareceptor ezvipembenene ane nicotinic anongova erudzi rumwe chete, nepo mhuka dzinoyamwisa dzine marudzi matatu emareceptor enicotinic, uye mareceptor ezvipembenene ane nicotinic haana kufanana neaya emhuka dzinoyamwisa. Kushanda kwemushonga uyu pakurwisa mareceptor ezvipembenene ane nicotinic kwakapetwa ka300 kupfuura kwemhuka dzinoyamwisa, zvichiratidza kusarudza kwakanyanya uye kushoma kwechepfu kune mhuka dzinoyamwisa. Huwandu hwechepfu hwayo hwakanyoreswa muChina hune chepfu zvishoma, uye hwakachengeteka kune vanohushandisa.
3. Mushonga uyu une chepfu shoma kushiri, hove, shrimp, nezvimwe zvipenyu zvine mapfupa emusana, uye wakachengeteka kune zvipenyu zvinobatsira zvakaita sezvipembenene zvinodya zvipembenene nezvinodya zvipembenene munharaunda. Zvisinei, une chepfu yakanyanya kuhonye dzesilika.
4. Mushonga uyu unoshanda zvakasimba. Unogona kusanganiswa nemishonga yakasiyana-siyana yekuuraya zvipembenene yakaita semethamidophos, avermectin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, indoxacarb, uye cypermethrin-cyhalothrin kuti ishandiswe pamwe chete, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera huwandu hwekutonga, kunonotsa kukura kwekusagona kurwisa zvipembenene, kuwedzera kumhanya kwekuuraya zvipembenene, kuwedzera nguva yasara, kana kuderedza mutengo wekushandisa.
II. Maitiro Makuru Ekushandisa Chlorantraniliprole
1. Nguva yekushandisa: Shandisa kana zvipembenene zvichiri diki. Zvakanaka kuishandisa panguva yekuchekwa kwemazai.
2. Ishandisei zvakanyatsoenderana nemirairo iri papepa. Pakushandisa spray, kushandisa misting kana spraying fine spraying kunoshanda zvakanyanya.
3. Sarudza huwandu hwakanyanya hwezvinoshandiswa pamwaka wega wega uye nguva yekuchengetedzwa zvichibva pazvirimwa zvakanyoreswa pachigadzirwa.
4. Kana tembiricha yakwira uye kupwa kwemvura mumunda kwanyanya, sarudza kuisa mushonga wezvipembenene usati wasvika 10am uye mushure ma4pm. Izvi hazvingoderedzi huwandu hwemushonga wezvipembenene unoshandiswa chete, asiwo zvinowedzera huwandu hwemushonga wezvipembenene unotorwa nezvirimwa uye kupinza kwawo mvura, izvo zvinobatsira kuvandudza simba rekudzora.
III. Nzira dzekudzivirira pakushandisaChlorantraniliprole
Kunyangwe tichitevedzera mitemo yekudzivirira kushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene, zvinhu zvinotevera zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa pakushandisa mushonga uyu:
1. Mushonga uyu unouraya zvipembenene unokanganisa matomatisi, maeggplant, nezvimwewo, uye unogona kukonzera mavanga, kusvava, nezvimwewo; miti yemichero yecitrus, pear, mulberry nemimwe miti yemichero inokanganiswa panguva yemashizha matsva uye kukura kwemashizha, izvo zvinogona kukonzera mashizha kuita yero, zvichikonzera michero midiki, zvichikanganisa goho remichero uye kunaka kwayo.
2. Usaise mushonga wezvipembenene mumazuva ane mhepo kana kuti panotarisirwa kunaya mukati meawa imwe chete. Zvisinei, mushonga uyu unodzivirira kukurwa kwevhu nemvura, uye kana mvura ikanaya maawa maviri mushure mekupfapfaidza, hapana chikonzero chekupfapfaidza zvakare.
3. Chigadzirwa ichi chakaiswa muboka re28 reInternational Insecticide Resistance Management Committee uye imhando yezvipembenene. Kuti zvisave nekusagona kurwisa, kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa ichi pachirimwa chimwe chete hakufanirwe kudarika kaviri. Muchizvarwa chezvipembenene zvinotarirwa, kana chigadzirwa ichi chikashandiswa uye chichigona kushandiswa nguva dzose kaviri, zvinokurudzirwa kuchinjana nemishonga ine nzira dzakasiyana dzekuita (kunze kweBoka re28) muchizvarwa chinotevera.
4. Chigadzirwa ichi chinowanzo patsanurwa mumamiriro e alkaline uye hachigone kusanganiswa ne acids dzakasimba kana zvinhu zvine alkaline yakasimba.
5. Ine chepfu yakanyanya kualgae ne silkworms. Imba ye silkworms nenzvimbo yekudyara mulberry hazvifanirwe kushandiswa. Paunenge uchiishandisa, chenjerera kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakaparadzana kubva ku silkworms kuti isatsvedzerere pamashizha emulberry. Hazvibvumirwi kuishandisa munguva yemaruva ezvirimwa zvinobereka nectar uye nzvimbo dzinoburitsa magonye nezvimwe vavengi vezvisikwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-26-2025