Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye kukurumidza kukurumidza kwehuwandu hwevanhu zvave matambudziko makuru ekuchengetedza chikafu chepasi rose.Imwe inovimbisa mhinduro ndeye kushandiswa kwechirimwa kukura regulators(PGRs) kuwedzera goho uye kukunda mamiriro ekurima asina kunaka semamiriro ekunze emugwenga.Munguva ichangopfuura, iyo carotenoid zaxinone uye maviri eanalogues ayo (MiZax3 uye MiZax5) yakaratidza inovimbisa-kusimudzira-kusimudzira muzvirimwa zvezviyo nemiriwo pasi pegreenhouse uye mamiriro emunda.Pano, isu takaongorora zvakare mhedzisiro yekusarudzika kwakasiyana kweMiZax3 neMiZax5 (5 μM uye 10 μM muna 2021; 2.5 μM uye 5 μM muna 2022) pakukura uye goho rezvirimwa zviviri zvemhando yepamusoro muCambodia: mbatatisi neSaudi Arabia. sitirobheri.Arabia.Mumiyedzo mishanu yakazvimirira yemumunda kubva muna 2021 kusvika 2022, kushandiswa kweMiZax kuri nani kwakavandudza hunhu hwechirimwa, zvikamu zvegoho uye goho rose.Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti MiZax inoshandiswa mune yakaderera madosi pane humic acid (inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kutengeserana komisheni inoshandiswa pano kuenzanisa).Nekudaro, mhedzisiro yedu inoratidza kuti MiZax inovimbisa zvikuru kukura kwechirimwa inogona kushandiswa kukurudzira kukura uye goho rezvirimwa zvemuriwo kunyangwe munzvimbo dzemurenje uye munzvimbo dzakadzikira.
Sekureva kweFood and Agriculture Organisation yeUnited Nations (FAO), masisitimu edu ekugadzira chikafu anofanirwa kupeta katatu panosvika 2050 kuti tipe huwandu hwevanhu vari kukura pasi rose (FAO: Pasi rose richada 70% chimwe chekudya panosvika 20501).Kutaura zvazviri, kukurumidza kukura kwevanhu, kusvibiswa, kufamba kwezvipembenene uye kunyanya kupisa kwakanyanya uye kusanaya kwemvura kunokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze ose matambudziko akatarisana nekuchengetedzwa kwezvokudya zvepasi rose2.Panyaya iyi, kuwedzera goho rezvirimwa zvekurima mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kunaka ndiyo imwe yemhinduro dzisingagoneki kudambudziko iri.Zvisinei, kukura kwemiti uye kukura kunonyanya kuenderana nekuwanika kwezvokudya muvhu uye zvakakanganiswa zvakanyanya nemamiriro ezvinhu akaipa ezvakatipoteredza, kusanganisira kusanaya kwemvura, salinity kana biotic stress3,4,5.Dzvinyiriro idzi dzinogona kukanganisa hutano nekusimudzirwa kwembesa zvozopedzisira zvaita kuti goho riderere.Pamusoro pezvo, zviwanikwa zvishoma zvemvura yakachena zvinokanganisa madiridziro ezvirimwa, nepo shanduko yemamiriro ekunze pasi rose ichidzikisira nzvimbo yevhu rinorimika uye zviitiko zvakaita semafungu ekupisa anoderedza goho7,8.Kupisa kwakanyanya kwakajairika munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi, kusanganisira Saudi Arabia.Iko kushandiswa kwebiostimulants kana chirimwa kukura regulators (PGRs) kunobatsira kupfupisa kutenderera kwekukura uye kuwedzera goho.Inogona kuvandudza kusimba kwechirimwa uye kuita kuti zvirimwa zvikwanise kurarama nemamiriro asina kunaka ekukura9.Panyaya iyi, biostimulants uye zvigadziriso zvekukura kwezvirimwa zvinogona kushandiswa muhutano hwakakwana kuti uvandudze kukura kwezvirimwa uye kubereka10,11.
Carotenoids ndeye tetraterpenoids iyo inoshandawo se precursors ye phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA) uye strigolactone (SL) 12,13,14, pamwe chete neachangobva kuwanikwa ekukura regulators zaxinone, anorene uye cyclocitral15,16,17,18,19.Zvisinei, mametabolites akawanda chaiwo, anosanganisira carotenoid derivatives, ane zvishoma zviwanikwa zvechisikigo uye / kana kuti haana kugadzikana, zvichiita kuti kushanda kwavo kwakananga mumunda uyu kuve kwakaoma.Saka, mumakore mashoma apfuura, akati wandei ABA uye SL analogues/mimetics akagadzirwa uye akaedzwa zvekurima zvekushandisa20,21,22,23,24,25.Saizvozvo, isu munguva pfupi yapfuura takagadzira mimetics ye zaxinone (MiZax), metabolite inokurudzira kukura iyo inogona kuita mhedzisiro yayo nekusimudzira shuga metabolism uye kudzora SL homeostasis mumipunga midzi19,26.Mimetics ye zaxinone 3 (MiZax3) uye MiZax5 (makemikari zvimiro zvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1A) zvakaratidza zviitiko zvehupenyu zvinofananidzwa nezaxinone mumiti yemupunga yemusango inorimwa nehydroponically uye muvhu26.Uyezve, kurapwa kwematomatisi, muchindwe, girinhi mhiripiri uye nhanga ine zaxinone, MiZax3 uye MiZx5 yakavandudza kukura kwechirimwa uye goho, kureva, goho remhiripiri uye mhando, pasi pegreenhouse uye nzvimbo yakavhurika, zvichiratidza basa ravo sebiostimulants uye kushandiswa kwePGR27..Sezvineiwo, MiZax3 neMiZax5 yakavandudzawo kushivirira kwemunyu wegirinhi mhiripiri inorimwa pasi pemamiriro emunyu wakakwira, uye MiZax3 yakawedzera zinc yemuchero payakavharirwa nezinc-ine metal-organic frameworks7,28.
(A) Kemikari zvimiro zveMiZax3 uye MiZax5.(B) Mhedzisiro yekupfapfaidza foliar yeMZ3 neMZ5 pamwero we5 µM uye 10 µM pazvirimwa zvembatatisi pasi pevhu.Kuedza kuchaitika muna 2021. Dhata inoratidzwa sezvinoreva ± SD.n≥15.Kuongorora kwenhamba kwakaitwa pachishandiswa nzira imwe chete yekuongorora musiyano (ANOVA) uye Tukey's post hoc test.Nyeredzi dzinoratidza mutsauko wakakosha uchienzaniswa nekuenzanisa (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, kwete yakakosha).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Mubasa iri, takaongorora MiZax (MiZax3 uye MiZax5) pamatanho matatu efoliar (5 µM uye 10 µM muna 2021 uye 2.5 µM uye 5 µM muna 2022) tikaaenzanisa nembatatisi (Solanum tuberosum L).Iyo yekutengeserana yekukura regulator humic acid (HA) yakafananidzwa nemastrawberries (Fragaria ananassa) mu sitiroberi greenhouse miedzo muna 2021 na2022 uye mumiyedzo mina yemumunda muHumambo hweSaudi Arabia, nharaunda yerenje.Kunyangwe HA iriyo yakashandiswa zvakanyanya biostimulant ine zvakawanda zvinobatsira, kusanganisira kuwedzera kuwanikwa kwekudya muvhu uye kusimudzira kukura kwembeu nekudzora mahomoni homeostasis, mhedzisiro yedu inoratidza kuti MiZax yepamusoro kune HA.
Mbatata matabhu emhando yeDiamond akatengwa kubva kuJabbar Nasser Al Bishi Trading Company, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Mbeu dzemhando mbiri dzemastrawberry dzinoti “Sweet Charlie” ne“Festival” uye humic acid dzakatengwa kuModern Agritech Company, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Zvese zvinorimwa zvinoshandiswa mubasa rino zvinoenderana neIUCN Policy Statement paKutsvagisa Inosanganisira Mhuka Dziri Mungozi uye Chibvumirano cheKutengeserana Kwezvipenyu Zviri Mungozi dzeMhuka Nemaruva.
Nzvimbo yekuyedza iri muHada Al-Sham, Saudi Arabia (21°48′3″N, 39°43′25″E).Ivhu rine jecha, pH 7.8, EC 1.79 dcm-130.Zvivakwa zvevhu zvinoratidzwa muSupplementary Table S1.
Matavi matatu (Fragaria x ananassa D. var. Mutambo) madzinde padanho reshizha rechokwadi akakamurwa kuita mapoka matatu kuti aongorore kushanda kwefoliar kumwaya 10 μM MiZax3 neMiZax5 pamaitiro ekukura uye nguva yekutumbuka pasi pemamiriro egreenhouse.Kupfapfaidza mashizha nemvura (ine 0.1% acetone) yakashandiswa semuenzaniso wekurapa.MiZax foliar sprays yakashandiswa kanomwe pavhiki imwe chete.Zviyedzo zviviri zvakazvimirira zvakaitwa munaGunyana 15 na28, 2021, zvichiteerana.Mushonga wekutanga wekomboni imwe neimwe i50 ml uye zvishoma nezvishoma wakawedzera kusvika pachiyero chekupedzisira che250 ml.Kwemavhiki maviri akatevedzana, nhamba yemiti yemaruva yakanyorwa zuva rega rega uye chiyero chemaruva chakaverengwa pakutanga kwevhiki yechina.Kuti uone maitiro ekukura, nhamba yeshizha, kudyara kutsva uye kuoma uremu, nzvimbo yeshizha rose, uye nhamba ye stolons pamiti yakayerwa pakupera kwechikamu chekukura uye pakutanga kwechikamu chekubereka.Nzvimbo yeshizha yakayerwa pachishandiswa mita yenzvimbo yemashizha uye samples itsva dzakaomeswa muchoto pa100 ° C kwemaawa makumi mana nemasere.
Miedzo miviri yemumunda yakaitwa: kutanga nekunonoka kurima.Mbatata tubers ye "Diamant" yakasiyana-siyana inodyarwa munaNovember naFebruary, nekutanga nekunonoka kuibva nguva, maererano.Biostimulants (MiZax-3 uye -5) inoshandiswa muhuwandu hwe5.0 uye 10.0 µM (2021) uye 2.5 uye 5.0 µM (2022).Pfaya humic acid (HA) 1 g/l kasere pasvondo.Mvura kana acetone yakashandiswa sekutonga kusina kunaka.Iyo munda bvunzo dhizaini inoratidzwa mu (Supplementary Figure S1).Iyo isina kurongeka yakazara block dhizaini (RCBD) ine nharaunda ye2.5 m × 3.0 m yakashandiswa kuita bvunzo dzemunda.Kurapa kwega kwega kwakadzokororwa katatu semakopi akazvimirira.Nhambwe iri pakati pechikamu chimwe nechimwe i1.0 m, uye chinhambwe chiri pakati pechivharo chimwe nechimwe 2.0 m.Nharaunda pakati pezvirimwa ndeye 0.6 m, kureba pakati pemitsara ndeye 1 m.Mbatatisi mbesa dzaidiridzwa zuva nezuva nedrip pamwero we3.4 l padonhwe rega rega.Iyo sisitimu inomhanya kaviri pazuva kwemaminetsi gumi nguva yega yega kupa mvura kumiti.Nzira dzese dzakakurudzirwa dzeagrotechnical dzekurima mbatatisi pasi pekusanaya kwemvura dzakashandiswa31.Mwedzi mina kubva pakudyara, kureba kwechirimwa (cm), huwandu hwemapazi pachirimwa, kuumbwa kwembatatisi uye goho, uye mhando yechubhu zvakayerwa pachishandiswa hunyanzvi.
Mbeu dzemhando mbiri dzestrawberry (Sweet Charlie neMutambo) dzakaedzwa pasi pemamiriro emumunda.Biostimulants (MiZax-3 uye -5) yakashandiswa semashizha ekupfira pazvikamu zve5.0 uye 10.0 µM (2021) uye 2.5 uye 5.0 µM (2022) kasere pavhiki.Shandisa 1 g yeHA parita sefoliar spray inofambirana neMiZax-3 uye -5, ine H2O control musanganiswa kana acetone sekutonga kusina kunaka.Mbeu dzemastrawberry dzakadyarwa muchikamu che 2.5 x 3 m kutanga kwaMbudzi paine nzvimbo yechirimwa inoita 0.6 m uye mutsara wemitsara we1 m.Kuedza kwakaitwa kuRCBD uye kwakadzokororwa katatu.Zvirimwa zvaidiridzwa kwemaminetsi gumi zuva rega rega na7:00 na17:00 pachishandiswa drip irrigation system ine madrippers yakaparadzana 0.6 m uye inokwanisa kuita 3.4 L. Agrotechnical components negoho parameters zvakayerwa mumwaka wekurima.Hunhu hwemichero hunosanganisira TSS (%), vhitamini C32, acidity uye yakazara phenolic compounds33 yakaongororwa paLabhoritari yePostharvest Physiology uye Technology yeKing Abdulaziz University.
Data inoratidzwa senzira uye misiyano inoratidzwa seyakajairwa kutsauka.Kukosha kwenhamba kwakatemwa kushandisa nzira imwe ANOVA (nzira imwe ANOVA) kana nzira mbiri ANOVA uchishandisa Tukey's multiple comparison test uchishandisa mukana wep <0.05 kana maviri-tailed t bvunzo yeMudzidzi kuona misiyano yakakura (*p <0.05 , * *p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001).Dudziro dzese dzenhamba dzakaitwa pachishandiswa GraphPad Prism vhezheni 8.3.0.Masangano akaedzwa achishandisa principal component analysis (PCA), a multivariate statistical method, achishandisa R package 34.
Mumushumo wapfuura, takaratidza chiitiko chekusimudzira cheMiZax pa5 uye 10 μM kutariswa muzvirimwa zvehorticultural uye kuvandudza chiratidzo chechlorophyll muSoil Plant Assay (SPAD)27.Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro iyi, takashandisa kutarisisa kwakafanana kuongorora mhedzisiro yeMiZax pambatatisi, chirimwa chakakosha chepasi rose, mumiyedzo yeminda munzvimbo dzemugwenga muna 2021. Kunyanya, isu taifarira kuyedza kuti MiZax inogona kuwedzera kuunganidzwa kwesitachi. , kuguma kwephotosynthesis.Pakati pese, kushandiswa kweMiZax kwakavandudza kukura kwemiti yembatatisi kana ichienzaniswa ne humic acid (HA), zvichiita kuti kuwedzera kwekukura kwemiti, biomass uye nhamba yematavi (Fig. 1B).Pamusoro pezvo, takaona kuti 5 μM MiZax3 neMiZax5 ine simba rakasimba pakuwedzera kureba kwechirimwa, huwandu hwemapazi, uye biomass yezvirimwa zvichienzaniswa ne10 μM (Mufananidzo 1B).Pamwe chete nekukura kuri nani, MiZax yakawedzerawo goho, kuyerwa nenhamba uye huremu hwemachubhu akakohwewa.Mhedzisiro inobatsira yese haina kutaurwa pakaitwa MiZax payakaungana 10 μM, zvichikurudzira kuti macommunication aya anofanirwa kupihwa munzvimbo dziri pasi peiyi (Mufananidzo 1B).Mukuwedzera, hatina kuona misiyano mune zvose zvinyorwa zvinyorwa pakati peacetone (kunyomba) uye mvura (kutonga) marapirwo, zvichiratidza kuti zvakaonekwa kukura modulation migumisiro haina kukonzerwa ne solvent, iyo inopindirana neshumo yedu yapfuura27.
Sezvo mwaka wekurima mbatatisi muSaudi Arabia uine kutanga uye kunonoka kukura, takaita ongororo yemunda yechipiri muna 2022 tichishandisa yakaderera (2.5 uye 5 µM) mumwaka miviri kuongorora maitiro emwaka akavhurika (Supplementary Figure S2A).Sezvinotarisirwa, zvose zvinoshandiswa zve 5 μM MiZax zvakagadzira kukura-kukurudzira migumisiro yakafanana neyekutanga kuedza: kuwedzera kwechirimwa kureba, kuwedzera branching, yakakwirira biomass, uye kuwedzera tuber nhamba (Fig. 2; Supplementary Fig. S3).Zvakakosha, takaona mhedzisiro yakakosha yePGRs pachikamu che2.5 μM, nepo GA kurapwa haina kuratidza zvakafanotaurwa mhedzisiro.Mhedzisiro iyi inoratidza kuti MiZax inogona kushandiswa kunyangwe yakaderera pane yaitarisirwa.Uye zvakare, MiZax application yakawedzera kureba uye hupamhi hwemachubhu (Supplementary Figure S2B).Isu takawanawo kuwedzera kwakakosha kwehuremu hwehubhu, asi iyo 2.5 µM yekumisikidza yakangoshandiswa mumwaka miviri yekudyara;
Dyara phenotypic ongororo yekukanganisa kweMiZax pazvirimwa zvembatatisi zvekutanga kuibva mumunda weKAU, wakaitwa muna 2022. Dhata inomiririra ± kutsauka kwakajairwa.n≥15.Kuongorora kwenhamba kwakaitwa pachishandiswa nzira imwe chete yekuongorora musiyano (ANOVA) uye Tukey's post hoc test.Nyeredzi dzinoratidza mutsauko wakakosha uchienzaniswa nekuenzanisa (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, kwete yakakosha).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Kuti unzwisise zviri nani mhedzisiro yekurapa (T) uye gore (Y), nzira mbiri ANOVA yakashandiswa kuongorora kusangana kwavo (T x Y).Kunyangwe zvese biostimulants (T) zvakawedzera kureba kwechirimwa chembatatisi uye biomass, chete MiZax3 neMiZax5 yakawedzera zvakanyanya nhamba yetuber uye huremu, zvichiratidza kuti mhinduro dzembiri dzematapi tuber kuMiZax maviri aive akafanana (Fig. 3)).Pamusoro pezvo, pakutanga kwemwaka mamiriro ekunze (https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/saudi-arabia/jeddah/climate) anobva awedzera kupisa (avhareji 28 °C uye humidity 52% (2022), iyo inoderedza zvakanyanya. iyo yakazara tuber biomass (Fig. 2; Supplementary Fig. S3).
Dzidza mhedzisiro ye5 µm kurapwa (T), gore (Y) uye kusangana kwavo (T x Y) pambatatisi.Data inomiririra zvinoreva ± kutsauka kwakajairwa.n ≥ 30. Kuongorora kwenhamba kwakaitwa uchishandisa nzira mbiri dzekuongorora kusiyana (ANOVA).Nyeredzi dzinoratidza mutsauko wakakosha uchienzaniswa nekuenzanisa (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, kwete yakakosha).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Nekudaro, kurapwa kweMyzax kuchiri kukurudzira kukura kwezvirimwa zvinononoka kukura.Pakazere, zviedzo zvedu zvitatu zvakazvimirira zvakaratidza pasina kupokana kuti kushandiswa kweMiZax kune mhedzisiro yakakosha pachimiro chechirimwa nekuwedzera huwandu hwemapazi.Muchokwadi, pakanga paine yakakosha nzira mbiri yekudyidzana pakati (T) uye (Y) pane nhamba yematavi mushure meMiZax kurapwa (Fig. 3).Ichi chigumisiro chinopindirana nebasa ravo sevasina kunaka regulators ye strigolactone (SL) biosynthesis26.Pamusoro pezvo, takamboratidza kuti kurapwa kweZaxinone kunokonzeresa kuwanda kwe sitachi mumidzi yemupunga35, izvo zvinogona kutsanangura kuwedzera kwehukuru uye huremu hwematapi tubers mushure mekurapwa kweMiZax, sezvo machubhu anonyanya kuumbwa nestarch.
Zvirimwa zvemichero zvakakosha zvehupfumi.Strawberries inonzwa kune abiotic stress mamiriro akadai sekusanaya kwemvura uye kupisa kwakanyanya.Naizvozvo, isu takaongorora mashandiro eMiZax pamastrawberries nekupfapfaidza mashizha.Isu takatanga kupa MiZax pakusangana kwe10 µM kuti iongorore mashandiro ayo pakukura sitirobheri (Mutambo wecultivar).Sezvineiwo, takaona kuti MiZax3 yakawedzera zvakanyanya kuwanda kwe stolons, iyo yaienderana nekuwedzera kwebazi, nepo MiZax5 yakavandudza maruva mwero, chirimwa biomass, uye mashizha nzvimbo pasi pegreenhouse mamiriro (Supplementary Figure S4), zvichiratidza kuti maviri aya makomisheni anogona kusiyana biologically.Zviitiko 26,27.Kuti uwedzere kunzwisisa mhedzisiro yavo pamastrawberries pasi pemamiriro ekurima chaiwo, takaitisa miedzo yemunda tichishandisa 5 uye 10 μM MiZax kune sitirobheri miti (cv. Sweet Charlie) inokura muvhu rejecha muna 2021 (fig. S5A).Kuenzaniswa neGC, hatina kutarisa kuwedzera kwemiti yemiti, asi takawana chimiro chekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwezvibereko (Fig. C6A-B).Nekudaro, MiZax application yakakonzera kuwedzera kukuru kwehuremu hwemuchero mumwe chete uye yakaratidza kutsamira (Supplementary Figure S5B; Supplementary Figure S6B), zvichiratidza pesvedzero yeaya magadzirirwo ekukura kwechirimwa pamhando yemuchero westrawberry kana ichishandiswa mumamiriro erenje.pesvedzero.
Kuti tinzwisise kana kukura kwekusimudzira kunoenderana nerudzi rwecultivar, takasarudza cultivars mbiri dzekutengesa sitirobheri muSaudi Arabia (Sweet Charlie uye Mutambo) uye takaita zvidzidzo zvemumunda zviviri muna 2022 tichishandisa yakaderera miZax (2.5 uye 5 µM).Kune Sweet Charlie, kunyangwe huwandu hwemichero husina kuwedzera zvakanyanya, biomass yemichero yaive yakakwira kune zvinomera zvakabatwa neMiZax, uye huwandu hwemichero pachikamu chakawedzera mushure mekurapwa kweMiZax3 (Fig. 4).Idzi data rinowedzera kuratidza kuti biological zviitiko zveMiZax3 neMiZax5 zvinogona kusiyana.Mukuwedzera, mushure mekurapa neMyzax, takaona kuwedzera kwehuremu hutsva uye hwakaoma hwemiti, pamwe chete nehurefu hwemiti yemiti.Nezve nhamba ye stolons nemiti mitsva, takawana kuwedzera chete pa 5 μM MiZax (Fig. 4), zvichiratidza kuti optimal MiZax coordination inoenderana nemhando yemiti.
Mhedzisiro yeMiZax pachimiro chechirimwa uye goho restrawberry (Sweet Charlie siyana) kubva kuminda yeKAU, yakaitwa muna 2022. Dhata inomiririra zvinoreva ± kutsauka kwakajairwa.n ≥ 15, asi nhamba yezvibereko pachidimbu yakaverengwa paavhareji kubva kumiti gumi neshanu kubva pamatatu matatu (n = 3).Ongororo yenhamba yakaitwa pachishandiswa nzira imwe chete yekuongorora musiyano (ANOVA) uye Tukey's post hoc test kana maviri-tailed Student's t bvunzo.Nyeredzi dzinoratidza mutsauko wakakosha uchienzaniswa nekuenzanisa (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, kwete yakakosha).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Takacherechedzawo basa rakafanana rekukura-rinokurudzira maererano nehuremu hwemichero uye kusima biomass mumastrawberries eMutambo weMutambo (Fig. 5), zvisinei, hatina kuwana misiyano yakakura muhuwandu hwezvibereko pamiti kana chidimbu (Fig. 5);.Zvinofadza kuti kushandiswa kweMiZax kwakawedzera kureba kwemiti uye nhamba ye stolons, zvichiratidza kuti izvi zvinomera zvinomera zvinogona kushandiswa kuvandudza kukura kwezvibereko zvezvibereko (Fig. 5).Pamusoro pezvo, takayera akati wandei biochemical parameters kuti tinzwisise kunaka kwemichero yemhando mbiri dzakaunganidzwa kubva mumunda, asi isu hatina kuwana misiyano pakati pemishonga yese (Supplementary Figure S7; Supplementary Figure S8).
Mhedzisiro yeMiZax pachimiro chechirimwa uye goho restrawberry mumunda weKAU (Festival siyana), 2022. Data are mean ± standard deviation.n ≥ 15, asi nhamba yezvibereko pachidimbu yakaverengwa paavhareji kubva kumiti gumi neshanu kubva pamatatu matatu (n = 3).Ongororo yenhamba yakaitwa pachishandiswa nzira imwe chete yekuongorora musiyano (ANOVA) uye Tukey's post hoc test kana maviri-tailed Student's t bvunzo.Nyeredzi dzinoratidza mutsauko wakakosha uchienzaniswa nekuenzanisa (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, kwete yakakosha).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Muzvidzidzo zvedu zvemastrawberries, zviitiko zvebhayoroji zveMiZax3 uye MiZax5 zvakazove zvakasiyana.Isu takatanga taongorora mhedzisiro yekurapa (T) uye gore (Y) pane imwechete cultivar (Sweet Charlie) tichishandisa nzira mbiri ANOVA kuona kudyidzana kwavo (T x Y).Saka, GA yakanga isina simba pakurima sitirobheri (Sweet Charlie), nepo 5 μM MiZax3 uye MiZax5 yakawedzera zvakanyanya zvirimwa nemichero biomass (Fig. 6), zvichiratidza kuti nzira mbiri dzekudyidzana kweMiZax mbiri dzakafanana mukusimudzira sitirobheri. .kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa
Ongorora migumisiro ye5 µM kurapwa (T), gore (Y) uye kushamwaridzana kwavo (T x Y) pamastrawberries (cv. Sweet Charlie).Data inomiririra zvinoreva ± kutsauka kwakajairwa.n ≥ 30. Kuongorora kwenhamba kwakaitwa uchishandisa nzira mbiri dzekuongorora kusiyana (ANOVA).Nyeredzi dzinoratidza mutsauko wakakosha uchienzaniswa nekuenzanisa (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, kwete yakakosha).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Pamusoro pezvo, tichifunga kuti chiitiko cheMiZax pamhando mbiri idzi chakasiyana zvishoma (Fig. 4; Fig. 5), takaita nzira mbiri ANOVA tichienzanisa kurapwa (T) nemhando mbiri (C).Kutanga, hapana kurapwa kwakakanganisa nhamba yemichero pachikamu (Fig. 7), zvichiratidza kuti hapana kudyidzana kwakakosha pakati (T x C) uye zvichiratidza kuti hapana MiZax kana HA inobatsira kune yakazara michero nhamba.Kusiyana neizvi, MiZax (asi kwete HA) yakawedzera zvakanyanya uremu hwezvirimwa, uremu hwemichero, stolons nemiti mitsva (Fig. 7), zvichiratidza kuti MiZax3 neMiZax5 zvinokurudzira zvikuru kukura kwemhando dzakasiyana dzemastrawberry plant cultivars.Kubva panzira mbiri ANOVA (T x Y) uye (T x C), tinogona kugumisa kuti mabasa ekusimudzira eMiZax3 neMiZax5 pasi pemamiriro emumunda akafanana uye anowirirana.
Ongororo yekurapa sitirobheri ne5 µM (T), marudzi maviri (C) uye kupindirana kwawo (T x C).Data inomiririra zvinoreva ± kutsauka kwakajairwa.n ≥ 30, asi nhamba yezvibereko pachidimbu yakaverengwa paavhareji kubva kumiti ye15 kubva kumatatu matatu (n = 6).Kuongorora kwenhamba kwakaitwa pachishandiswa nzira mbiri dzekuongorora musiyano (ANOVA).Nyeredzi dzinoratidza mutsauko wakakosha uchienzaniswa nekuenzanisa (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, kwete yakakosha).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Pakupedzisira, takashandisa principal component analysis (PCA) kuti tiongorore zvinokonzerwa nemishonga inoshandiswa pamatato (T x Y) uye sitirobheri (T x C).Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kuti HA kurapwa kwakafanana neacetone mumatato kana mvura mumastrawberries (Mufananidzo 8), zvichiratidza zvishoma zvishoma zvakanaka pakukura kwemiti.Sezvineiwo, iyo yakazara mhedzisiro yeMiZax3 neMiZax5 yakaratidza kugoverwa kwakafanana mumbatatisi (Mufananidzo 8A), nepo kugoverwa kwemakomisheni maviri aya mumastrawberry kwakasiyana (Mufananidzo 8B).Kunyange zvazvo MiZax3 uye MiZax5 yakaratidza kugovera kwakanaka mukukura kwezvirimwa uye goho, PCA ongororo yakaratidza kuti kukura kwemitemo basa rinogonawo kuenderana nemhando dzezvirimwa.
Principal component analysis (PCA) ye (A) mbatatisi (T x Y) uye (B) sitirobheri (T x C).Zvibodzwa zvibodzwa zvemapoka ese.Mutsara unobatanidza chikamu chimwe nechimwe unotungamira pakati pesumbu.
Muchidimbu, zvichibva pazvidzidzo zvedu zvishanu zvakazvimiririra zvemumunda pazvirimwa zviviri zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvinoenderana nemishumo yedu yapfuura kubva 2020 kusvika 202226,27, MiZax3 neMiZax5 vari kuvimbisa zvigadziriso zvekukura kwezvirimwa zvinogona kuvandudza kukura kwechirimwa uye goho., kusanganisira zviyo, miti yemiti (date palms) nezvirimwa zvemichero yehorticultural26,27.Kunyangwe mamorekuru ari kupfuura mabasa avo ebhayoloji anoramba asina kujeka, ane mukana mukuru wekushandisa mumunda.Zvakanakisa zvezvose, zvichienzaniswa ne humic acid, MiZax inoiswa mune zvidiki zvidiki (micromolar kana milligram level) uye iyo yakanaka mhedzisiro inowedzera kutaurwa.Saka, isu tinofungidzira dosage yeMiZax3 pakushandisa (kubva pasi kusvika pakakwirira): 3, 6 kana 12 g/ha, uye dosi yeMiZx5: 4, 7 kana 13 g/ha, zvichiita kuti maPGR aya abatsire mukuvandudza goho. .Zvinogoneka.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-29-2024