Varimi vazhinji vakasangana nechirwere che phytotoxicity pavaishandisa mancozeb nekuda kwekusasarudzwa zvakanaka kwechigadzirwa kana kuti nguva isiriyo yekushandisa, chiyero, uye kuwanda kwacho. Zviitiko zvidiki zvinokonzera kukuvara kwemashizha, photosynthesis isina simba, uye kukura zvakanaka kwezvirimwa. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, mavanga emishonga (mavara ebrown, mavanga eyero, mavanga enet, nezvimwewo) anoumba pamusoro pemichero nepamusoro pemashizha, uye anotokonzera madonhwe makuru emichero, pamusoro pemichero yakaoma, uye ngura yemichero, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya kukosha kwemichero, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kuvarimi. Muchidimbu, zvakaonekwa kuti zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuva nechirwere che phytotoxicity ndeizvi:
1. Zvigadzirwa zvemancozeb zvisina kukodzera zvinokonzera kuwanda kwezvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemiti.
Mancozeb yakakodzera inofanira kunge iri manganese-zinc complex yemancozeb acidzvinogadzirwa nemaitiro ekupisa. Kune mamwe mabhizinesi madiki nevanogadzira zvinhu zvisiri zvechokwadi mumusika vane zvigadzirwa zvisingagone kunzi mancozeb. Nekuda kwekushomeka kwezvishandiso zvekugadzira netekinoroji, chikamu chidiki chete chezvigadzirwa zvemabhizinesi madiki aya chinogona kusanganiswa kuita mancozeb, uye ruzhinji rwacho musanganiswa we mancozeb ne zinc salts. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvine ruvara rusina kujeka, huwandu hwakawanda hwekusvibiswa, uye zvinogona kuora kana zvikasangana nehunyoro nekupisa. Kushandisa zvigadzirwa izvi kunogona kukonzera phytotoxicity. Semuenzaniso, kushandisa mancozeb isina kunaka panguva yemuchero mudiki wemaapuro kunogona kukanganisa kuiswa kwewakisi pamusoro pemuchero, zvichikonzera kukuvara kweganda remuchero uye zvichikonzera mavara e phytotoxicity, ayo anokura sezvo muchero uchikura.
2. Kusanganisa mishonga yezvipembenene pasina kungwarira kunokanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwekushandiswa kwe mancozeb.
Pakusanganisa mishonga yezvipembenene, zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sezvinhu zvinoshanda, hunhu hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari, mhedzisiro yekudzora, uye zvipembenene zvinovavarira zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo. Kusanganisa pasina kutarisisa hakungoderedzi kushanda zvakanaka chete asiwo kunowedzera njodzi yekukuvadza zvirimwa. Semuenzaniso, tsika yakajairika yekusanganisa mancozeb nemishonga yezvipembenene yealkaline kana mishonga yesimbi ine mhangura inogona kuderedza kushanda kwe mancozeb. Kusanganisa mancozeb nezvigadzirwa zve phosphate kunogona kutungamira mukuumbwa kweflocculent precipitates uye kuburitswa kwehydrogen sulfide gas.
3. Kusasarudza nguva yekupfapfaidza zvisina kunaka uye kugadzirisa huwandu hwekupfapfaidza zvisina tsarukano kunowedzera njodzi yekukuvadzwa ne phytotoxicity.
Pakushandisa chaiko, varimi vazhinji vanofarira kuderedza chiyero chekusanganiswa kwemishonga kusvika pahuwandu hwakatarwa mumirairo kana kutoshandisa huwandu hwakanyanya kupfuura hunokurudzirwa kuti vawedzere kushanda kwayo. Izvi zvinowedzera njodzi yekukuvadzwa nemishonga. Panguva imwe chete, varimi vanosanganisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene yakawanda kuti ishande pamwe chete, vachingoteerera mazita akasiyana ekutengeserana asi vachiregeredza zvinhu zvinoshanda uye zviri mukati mazvo. Munguva yekusanganisa, chiyero chechinhu chimwe chete chinoshanda chinoungana, uye huwandu hwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene hunowedzera zvisina kunanga, zvichipfuura huwandu hwakachengeteka uye zvichikonzera kukuvadzwa nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene. Kushandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene mumamiriro ekupisa kwakanyanya kunowedzera kushanda kwemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene. Kupfapfaidza mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene ine huwandu hwakawanda kunowedzera njodzi yekukuvadzwa nemishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene.
4. Hunhu hwechigadzirwa hunokanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwe mancozeb.
Kupfava, mwero wekumisikidzwa, hunhu hwekunyorovesa, uye kunamira kwezvidimbu zvemancozeb zvinokanganisa kushanda uye kuchengetedzeka kwechigadzirwa. Mamwe mabhizinesi ane zvikanganiso muzviratidzo zvehunyanzvi zvakaita sekupfava, mwero wekumisikidzwa, uye hunhu hwekunyorovesa nekuda kwemiganhu yekugadzirwa. Munguva yekushandiswa chaiko, chiitiko chekuiswa kwezvipembenene zvinouraya zvipembenene uye kuvharwa kwevhudzi chinowanzoitika. Kuiswa kwezvipembenene panguva yekupfapfaidza kunokonzera kusagadzikana kwehuwandu panguva yekupfapfaidza, zvichikonzera kusashanda zvakanaka pahuwandu hwakaderera uye hutachiona hwezvirimwa pahuwandu hwakanyanya. Kusabatana zvakanaka kwezvipembenene, pamwe chete nemvura yakawanda inoshandiswa pakupfapfaidza, zvinoita kuti mushonga wezvipembenene usapararire zvakanaka pamusoro pemashizha, zvichikonzera kuunganidzwa kwemushonga wezvipembenene pamipendero yemashizha nepamusoro pemichero, zvichikonzera kuwanda kwakanyanya uye nzvimbo dzine chepfu.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-22-2025