Tsvagiridzo yaMunsell inotarisa pa "vavengi vechisikigo": zvipembenene zvakaita sehoverflies, ladybugs, lacewings, uye parasitic wasps. Mhando idzi dzinokosha kune varimi nekuti dzinodya zvipembenene zvinowanzoonekwa muzvirimwa zvakaita se aphids. Zvisinei, makumi emakore ekuwedzera kurima kwakaita kuti kushandiswa kwemhando imwe chete yezvirimwa zvisawanikwe, zvichikonzera kushomeka kana kusavapo zvachose kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita se nectar, mukume, nzvimbo dzekugara, uye mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana dzinodya.
"Kazhinji tinofunga kutikudzora zvipembenenezvinoda chimwe chinhu chatinotenga kana kushandisa, asi zvakasikwa zvakatotipa mhinduro inoshanda zvikuru—chero bedzi tikagadzira mamiriro akakodzera acho,” akadaro Mansell.
Munsell anosimbisa kuti zvipembenene izvi zvinobatsira zvinoda zviwanikwa zvakasiyana panguva dzakasiyana dzegore, uye hapana nzvimbo imwe chete inogona kugutsa zvese zvavanoda. Pane kudaro, zvinovimba nemusanganiswa wenzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugara—pfungwa inozivikanwa sekuti landscape complementarity.
Mansell akati, "Unogona kuzviona sezvipembenene zvinobatsira zvinogadzira buffet yegore rose. Kana zviwanikwa zvakawanda, vavengi vezvisikwa vanogona kurarama, kubereka, uye kudzora kuwanda kwezvipembenene. Kana zviwanikwa izvozvo zvikangoerekana zvanyangarika, hurongwa hwese hunoparara."
Mitsetse yemaruva iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukurima kweEurope, asi kushanda kwayo hakuenderani. Mitsetse yemaruva mitsetse mitete, yakadyarwa nemaoko ekugadzira maruva pamucheto weminda yekurima, yakagadzirirwa kugadzira nzvimbo yekugara isina zvisikwa inotsigira zvipembenene zvinobatsira. Zvisinei, ongororo yezvidzidzo makumi manomwe neshanu zvakaitwa naMancier inoratidza kuti mitsetse yemaruva yakawanda haishande nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemarudzi emaruva akakodzera kana nguva isina kunaka yekutumbuka. Mitsetse yemaruva yakagadzirirwa kutsigira vavengi vezvipembenene inoratidza mhedzisiro iri nani.
"Hazvina kukwana kungodyara 'miti inotumbuka' wosiya zvinhu zvichiitika netsaona," akadaro. "Kusarudza mhando dzemiti kwakakosha, kunyanya kuzvipembenene zvakaita sehoverflies, izvo zvinongogona kushandisa mamwe marudzi emaruva."
Kuti anzwisise zviri nani kudyidzana kuripo pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekurima, Munsell akagadzira modhi yekuvandudza huwandu hwevanhu achishandisa hoverflies ne aphids sezvidzidzo. Zvakabuda muongororo yake zvinoratidza kuti nzvimbo dzemiti dzakakosha zvikuru, dzichipa nectar uye zviwanikwa zvekutsvaga chikafu pakutanga uye kumagumo kwemwaka wekurima, apo goho rezvirimwa rinenge rakaderera.
Akaratidzawo kuti minda yekurima pachayo inogona kuva sosi inokosha yevavengi vechisikigo vezvipembenene, achipikisa pfungwa yagara iripo yekuti nzvimbo dzekugara dzisina kusikwa chete ndidzo dzinogona kubatsira zvikuru mukurwisa zvipembenene.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti pave nekutarisirwa nguva dzose. Kuchekerera kana kukohwa zvisina kurongwa zvakanaka kunogona kutorera zvirimwa zvinhu zvakakosha, zvichikanganisa huwandu hwemhuka dzinodya dzimwe mhuka panguva dzakaoma. Kugadzirisa nguva dzekucheka kana kuita basa remumunda zvishoma nezvishoma kunogona kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwakadaro kamwe kamwe mukugoverwa kwezviwanikwa.
Mansell akati, "Varimi havafanirwe kuchinja minda yavo zvachose. Kuchinja kudiki, kwakakodzera nguva—kwakadai sekunonoka kucheka miriwo kwemavhiki mashoma—kunogona kukanganisa zvikuru kupona kwezvikara."
Tsvagiridzo yaMunsell inopa gwara resainzi rekugadzira nzvimbo dzinosimudzira kupona nekupararira kwevavengi vezvipembenene. Nekubatanidza zvirimwa zvine miti, maruva akagadzirwa zvakanaka, uye zvirimwa zvinotsigirana, varimi vanogona kuwedzera kudzora zvipembenene zvechisikigo, kuderedza kuvimba nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene, uye kutsigira kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu.
Mansell akati, “Kurima kunoenderera mberi hakusi kwekudzokera kumashure, asi kushandisa ruzivo rwemazuva ano rwezvakatipoteredza kurima nekuchenjera. Patinogadzira nzvimbo dzinotsigira zvinodiwa nezvipembenene zvinobatsira, tinogadzira nzira dzekudya dzinogara kwenguva refu.”
Laura Mansell: *Hupenyu Hunoshamisa hweVavengi Vechisikigo: Basa reKubatsirana kweNzvimbo Mukutonga Zvipembenene Zvechisikigo*. Mutariri: Dr. ARM Janssen. Vatariri pamwe chete: Dr. PKJ van Rijn naDr. JA ten Brink.
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Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-23-2026
