Usati wadyara mbeu dzemango, ivhu rinofanira kugadzirwa uye fertilizer inofanira kuiswa pasi.Kubva padanho rekumera kwembeu kana mushure mekunge mbeu dzakura, kuumbwa nekuchekererwa kwakakodzera kunofanirwa kuitwa kuitira kuti matavi acho anyatsogoverwa zvakaenzana.Muti wacho une chiedza chakanaka, izvo zvinobatsira kukura kwezvinovaka muviri uye kubereka michero, uye unoumba chimiro chemuti chinobereka nekukurumidza, goho guru uye kugadzirwa kwakasimba. Zvikasadaro, zvinogona kukonzera kusapinda zvakanaka kwemiti, zvirwere zvakakomba nezvipembenene, uye kukosha kwemichero kushoma mushure mekubereka michero.
I. Nzira dzekuchekerera nekuumba
1. Nzira yechisikigo yekuumba denderedzwa. Mushure mekunge chirimwa chadyarwa, kana chakura kusvika pakureba kwemasendimita 60-70, cheka pamusoro kuti hunde huru itange. Bazi rekutanga repadivi rinofanira kunge riri 30-40 cm kubva pahunde huru, uye bazi rechipiri repadivi rinofanira kunge riri 25-35 cm kubva pabazi guru. Dzokorora maitiro aya kuti ugadzire korona yemuti yakatenderera.
2. Inzira yekuumba hunde yepakati. Kana chirimwa chakura kusvika pakureba kwemasendimita 60-70, hunde huru inochekwa yogadziriswa. Kune matavi makuru matatu muchikamu chekutanga, uye matavi makuru matatu kusvika mana anosara muchikamu chechipiri, akaparadzaniswa nemasendimita makumi maviri kubva pabazi guru rechipiri. Muti uyu une hunde huru yepakati yakamira yakatwasuka uye ichikwira. Korona yemuti inoita mashizha maviri, rimwe diki kumusoro uye rimwe rakakura pasi.
3. Nzira yekuumba zvirimwa nenzira yechisikigo. Nzira iyi inosanganisira kudzvanya magumo emiti kana yasvika pakureba kwemasendimita makumi mashanu kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe, kukurudzira kukura kwemashizha uye kuchengetedza matavi makuru matatu. Chikamu chechipiri chematavi makuru chinoumba chimiro chakapatsanurwa nechikamu chekutanga chematavi makuru, uye divi racho rakanangana nerechikamu chekutanga. Nzira iyi yakakodzera kudyara zvirimwa zvishoma nezvishoma, kudyara zvirimwa zvakawanda, uye kurima zvakanyanya, izvo zvinoita kuti mhepo ipinde uye chiedza chipinde mumitsara. Zvisinei, nzira dzekuumba nekuchekerera zvirimwa dzinoda hunyanzvi hwepamusoro uye dzinoda basa rakawanda.
II. Pfungwa Dzakakosha dzekutarisira mango negoho guru
1. Kutarisira Fetiraiza. Pamusoro pekuchekerera nekuumba michero zvataurwa pamusoro apa, fetereza yeorganic nefeteraiza yemhando yepamusoro inogona kusarudzwa sefeteraiza. Munguva yekusiyanisa maruva emiti yemango yakakura (mwedzi mumwe isati yatumbuka, kureva, Gunyana-Gumiguru), fetereza yekubvisa maruva inofanira kuiswa, kunyanya inosanganisira nitrogen (urea) nepotassium (potassium nitrate); muna Kubvumbi-Chivabvu, munguva yekukura kwemichero, fetereza inokurudzira michero inofanira kuiswa; mushure mekukohwa michero, fetereza yeorganic inofanira kushandiswa sefeteraiza huru.
2. Gadzirisai kuti goho riwedzere. Munguva yekutumbuka kwemango muchirimo, kana kuchinaya uye kuchitonhora, maruva anotanga kutumbuka anogona kubviswa nemaoko, uye huwandu hwe500 milligrams pa litre ye paclobutrazol hunogona kupfapfaidzwa kuti nguva yekutumbuka inonoke. Kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka, ethylene inogona kupfapfaidzwa kuti miti itange kutumbuka uye kudzivirira kukura kwematavi asina kudya zvakakwana.Bvisa maruva akawanda nemaoko kuti michero ikure zvakaenzana.
3. Kudzora zvipembenene nezvirwere. Zvirwere zvinowanzoitika zvemango zvinosanganisira anthracnose, powdery mildew, uye gummosis. Mishonga inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kana kudzora chirwere chisati chatanga kana pakutanga kwacho. Kune anthracnose, 80% mancozeb WP ine huwandu hwe400-600 kane, kana 70% thiophanate-methyl WP ine huwandu hwe1000-1500 kane, kana 50% benomyl WP ine huwandu hwe800-1000 kane, kana 25% mancozeb EC ine huwandu hwe2000-3000 kane inogona kushandiswa kudzora. Kune powdery mildew, 20% triadimefon EC ine huwandu hwe800 kane kana 15% triadimefon WP ine huwandu hwe500 kane inogona kushandiswa. Kune gummosis, chikamu chine chirwere chinogona kuchekwa nebanga, uye firimu rekuporesa ronda uye rekudzivirira ngura rinogona kuiswa kuvhara ronda. Isa firimu idzva rine mafuta akawanda nguva nenguva wopfapfaidza 70% thiophanate-methyl WP nehuwandu hwayo ka800.
Gadzirisai kuti goho riwedzere. Munguva yekutumbuka kwemango muchirimo, kana kuchinaya uye kuchitonhora, maruva anotanga kutumbuka anogona kubviswa nemaoko, uye huwandu hwe500 milligrams pa litre ye paclobutrazol hunogona kupfapfaidzwa kuti kunonotse nguva yekutumbuka. Kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka, ethylene inogona kupfapfaidzwa kuti miti itange kutumbuka uye kudzivirira kukura kwematavi ane kudya kwakawandisa. Bvisai maruva akawandisa nemaoko kuti muve nechokwadi chekuti michero inokura zvakaenzana.
Kudzora zvipembenene nezvirwere. Zvirwere zvinowanzoitika zvemango zvinosanganisira anthracnose, powdery mildew, uye gummosis. Mishonga inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kana kudzora chirwere chisati chatanga kana pakutanga kwacho. Kune anthracnose, 80% mancozeb WP ine huwandu hwe400-600 kane, kana 70% thiophanate-methyl WP ine huwandu hwe1000-1500 kane, kana 50% benomyl WP ine huwandu hwe800-1000 kane, kana 25% mancozeb EC ine huwandu hwe2000-3000 kane inogona kushandiswa kudzora. Kune powdery mildew, 20% triadimefon EC ine huwandu hwe800 kane kana 15% triadimefon WP ine huwandu hwe500 kane inogona kushandiswa. Kune gummosis, chikamu chine chirwere chinogona kuchekwa nebanga, uye firimu rekuporesa ronda uye rekudzivirira ngura rinogona kuiswa kuvhara ronda. Isa firimu idzva rine mafuta akawanda nguva nenguva wopfapfaidza 70% thiophanate-methyl WP nehuwandu hwayo ka800.
Zvipembenene zvikuru zvinosanganisira zvipfukuto zveusiku, hove dzinodya maruva dzakatsetseka, zvinobereka maruva, uye nhunzi diki dzemichero. Pamusoro pekushandisa nzira dzekurima nedzemhuka, kana maruva akapfava kana kuti maruva akabuda ne1 kusvika 3 centimeter, 90% carbaryl crystal solution pahuwandu hwakapetwa ka1000 inogona kushandiswa kudzivirira nekudzora. Pfapfaidza kamwe chete pamazuva manomwe kusvika gumi, uye dzokorora maitiro aya kaviri kusvika katatu. Kune vanobereka maruva, 30% carbaryl emulsifiable concentrate pahuwandu hwakapetwa ka80 kusvika 100 inogona kuiswa mumakomba, wobva wavhara maburi emakomba. Kune nhunzi diki dzemichero, methyl eugenol inogona kushandiswa kubata nekuuraya. Kunyanya, zvidimbu zvidiki zvesimbi yenzimbe zvakanyikwa mumethyl eugenol uye 3% malathion solution zvinoturikwa pamiti kuti zvibate.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-27-2026
