Mbatatisi, gorosi, mupunga, nechibage zvinozivikanwa pamwe chete sezvirimwa zvina zvakakosha zvekudya pasi rose, uye zvine chinzvimbo chakakosha mukusimudzira hupfumi hwekurima hweChina. Mbatatisi, dzinonziwo mbatatisi, miriwo yakajairika muhupenyu hwedu. Dzinogona kugadzirwa kuita zvinonaka zvakawanda. Dzine hutano hwakawanda kupfuura mimwe michero nemiriwo. Dzakapfuma zvakanyanya mustarch, zvicherwa uye mapuroteni. Dzine "maapuro ari pasi pevhu". Zita. Asi mukudyara mbatatisi, varimi vanowanzosangana nezvipembenene nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya mabhenefiti ekudyara kwevarimi. Munguva inodziya uye ine hunyoro, kuwanda kwechirwere chembatatisi kwakakwira. Saka, zviratidzo zvechirwere chembatatisi ndezvipi? Ungachidzivirira sei?
Zviratidzo zvengozi Zvinonyanya kukuvadza mashizha, mazhinji acho ari chirwere chekutanga pamashizha ari pasi pekukura pakati nepakupera kwekukura. Mashizha embatatisi anotapukirwa, achitangira pedyo nemupendero weshizha kana muromo waro, madotsi ane ruvara rwegirini-brown anoumbwa pakutanga, uye zvishoma nezvishoma anokura kuita madotsi makuru ane ruvara rwegirini-brown akaita se "V", ane mapatani asingaonekwe, uye mipendero yekunze yemadotsi ane chirwere inowanzova Chlorescence uye yero, uye pakupedzisira mashizha ane chirwere anotsva uye akapiswa, uye dzimwe nguva madotsi mashoma egirini-brown anogona kubudiswa pamatombo ane chirwere, kureva kuti, conidia yechirwere. Dzimwe nguva inogona kutapukira madzinde nemizambiringa, ichigadzira madotsi asina kuumbwa egirini-brown, uye gare gare inogona kuburitsa madotsi madiki egirini muchikamu chine chirwere.
Maitikiro ekuonekwa kwechirwere ichi: Kuora kwemashizha embatatisi kunokonzerwa nehutachiona hwefungus imperfect fungus inonzi Phoma vulgaris. Chirwere ichi chinogara muvhu munguva yechando nesclerotium kana hyphae pamwe chete nematishu ane chirwere, uye chinogonawo kugara muchando pane mamwe masara emiti. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu mugore rinotevera akakodzera, mvura inonaya inosasa utachiona hwevhu pamashizha kana madzinde kuti ikonzere hutachiona hwekutanga. Mushure mekunge chirwere chaitika, sclerotia kana conidia zvinogadzirwa muchikamu chine chirwere. Kudzokorora hutachiona nerubatsiro rwemvura inonaya kunoita kuti chirwere chipararire. Kudziya uye hunyoro hwakawanda zvinoita kuti chirwere chiwande uye chiwande. Chirwere ichi chakakomba zvikuru muminda ine ivhu risina kunaka, kutarisirwa kwakanyanya, kudyara zvakanyanya, uye kukura kwezvirimwa kusina kusimba.
Nzira dzekudzivirira nekudzora Matanho ekurima: sarudza nzvimbo dzakaorera dzekudyara, dzidza huwandu hwakakodzera hwezvirimwa; wedzera fetereza yeorganic, uye shandisa phosphorus nepotassium zvakakodzera; simbisa kutarisirwa panguva yekukura, kudiridza uye kuisa pamusoro pemiti nenguva, kudzivirira kukwegura kwezvirimwa nguva isati yakwana; nenguva mushure mekukohwa Bvisa mitumbi ine chirwere mumunda woiparadza nenzira iri pakati nepakati.
Kudzora mishonga: kudzivirira nekurapa padanho rekutanga rechirwere. Padanho rekutanga rechirwere, unogona kusarudza kushandisa 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder ka600 kane mvura, kana 70% mancozeb WP ka600 kane mvura, kana 50% iprodione WP 1200 Multiplying liquid + 50% Dibendazim wettable powder ka500 kane mvura, kana 50% Vincenzolide WP ka1500 kane mvura + 70% Mancozeb WP ka800 kane mvura, kana 560g/L Azoxybacter·Period 800-1200 kane mvura yeJunqing suspending agent, 5% chlorothalonil powder 1kg-2kg/mu, kana 5% kasugamycin·copper hydroxide powder 1kg/mu inogonawo kushandiswa pakudyara munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-15-2021