Mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene ine hutsanana inoreva mishonga inonyanya kushandiswa muhutano hwevanhu kudzora zvipembenene zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwevanhu. Inonyanya kusanganisira mishonga yekurwisa zvipembenene zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwevanhu zvakaita seumhutu, nhunzi, nhata, mapete, zvikwekwe, masvosve nemakonzo. Saka mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene inofanira kushandiswa sei?
Mishonga yekuuraya majekiseni Mishonga yekuuraya majekiseni yatinoshandisa inowanzoshandisa mishonga yekurwisa ropa yechizvarwa chechipiri. Nzira huru yekushanda kwayo ndeyekuparadza mashandiro eropa emakonzo, zvichikonzera kubuda ropa mukati memuviri uye kufa kwemakonzo. Kana tichienzanisa nemuchetura wemakonzo une chepfu yakawanda, mushonga wekurwisa ropa wechizvarwa chechipiri une hunhu hunotevera:
1. Kuchengetedzwa. Mushonga wekudzivirira ropa kubva muchizvarwa chechipiri une nguva yakareba yekushanda, uye kana tsaona yangoitika, zvinotora nguva yakareba yekurapwa; uye mushonga wemushonga wekudzivirira ropa kubva muchizvarwa chechipiri wakadai sebromadiolone ivhitamini K1, iyo iri nyore kuwana. Chepfu yemakonzo ine chepfu yakawanda senge tetramine inoshanda nekukurumidza uye tsaona dzekunwa netsaona dzinotisiya tiine nguva pfupi yekubata uye tisina mushonga wekurapa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kukuvara kana kufa.
2. Kunonaka kwakanaka. Chirauro chitsva chemakonzo chinonaka zvikuru kumakonzo uye hazvisi nyore kukonzera makonzo kuramba kudya, zvichiita kuti pave nemigumisiro yemuchetura kumakonzo.
3. Kuuraya kwakanaka. Kuuraya kwataurwa pano kunonyanya kunangana nemhinduro itsva yekudzivirira chinhu yembeva. Makonzo ane fungidziro, uye paanosangana nezvinhu zvitsva kana chikafu, anowanzo tora dzimwe nzira dzekuedza, dzakadai sekutora chikafu chidiki kana kurega vakwegura nevasina simba vachidya kutanga, uye vamwe vanhu vachaona kana zvakachengeteka kana kwete zvichibva pamhedzisiro yemaitiro aya ekuedza. Nokudaro, chepfu yemakonzo ine chepfu yakawanda inowanzoita chimwe chinhu pakutanga, uye ipapo mhedzisiro yacho inobva pakuipa ichienda pakuipisisa. Chikonzero chiri nyore kwazvo: makonzo akadya chirauro chemakonzo anoendesa meseji "ine njodzi" kune dzimwe nhengo, zvichikonzera kuramba chikafu, kudzivirira, nezvimwewo. Mirira mhinduro, uye mhedzisiro yemhedzisiro yakaipa padanho rekupedzisira ichave nyaya yechokwadi. Zvisinei, mishonga yekudzivirira ropa yechizvarwa chechipiri inowanzopa mbeva meseji yenhema ye "kuchengetedzwa" nekuda kwenguva yavo yakareba yekuzvara (kazhinji mazuva mashanu kusvika manomwe), saka zviri nyore kuwana mhedzisiro yekudzora makonzo kwenguva refu, yakagadzikana uye inoshanda.
Mumakambani ePMP akajairika, mishonga yezvipembenene inoshandiswa inowanzova pyrethroids, senge cypermethrin necyhalothrin. Kana ichienzaniswa ne organic phosphorus senge dichlorvos, zinc thion, dimethoate, nezvimwewo, izvi zvine zvakanakira zvekuchengetedza, hazvina chepfu yakawanda uye migumisiro yakaipa, zviri nyore kuora, uye hazvina kukanganisa zvakanyanya nharaunda nemuviri wemunhu pachawo. Panguva imwe chete, makambani epamutemo ePMP achaedza nepaanogona napo kushandisa nzira dzemuviri kana kushandisa zvinhu zvipenyu munzvimbo dzisina kukodzera kushandisa pyrethroids, pachinzvimbo chekungoshandisa organic phosphorus panzvimbo pezvo, kuitira kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemakemikari mukuita kwekudzivirira zvipembenene. Rusenzi inodzinga umhutu Nekuti kubva pamaonero ekurapa, kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene kunofanirwa kuitwa zvine mwero.
Mhando dzese dzemishonga inouraya zvipembenene inotengeswa mumusika inogona kukamurwa kuita nhanho nhatu zvichienderana nehuturu hwayo: ine chepfu yakanyanya, ine chepfu iri pakati nepakati uye ine chepfu shoma. Kunyangwe mishonga inouraya zvipembenene isina chepfu yakawanda kune vanhu nemhuka, uye mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ine chepfu yakanyanya inokuvadza zvakanyanya. Kubva pamaonero esainzi, mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ine chepfu zvakare. Kana mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ichipiswa kana kupiswa, mishonga iyi inobuda. Saka, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti hapana mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ine chepfu kuvanhu nemhuka. Mishonga inouraya zvipembenene iri mumishonga inouraya zvipembenene haina chepfu chaiyo kuvanhu chete, asiwo ine chepfu yenguva dzose. Kunyangwe mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ine chepfu zvishoma yehuwandu hwechepfu yakanyanya inokuvadza vanhu nemhuka; kana iri chepfu yayo yenguva refu, inouraya zvakanyanya. Zvichibva pakuongororwa kwakazara kwemiedzo, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti chepfu yenguva refu yemishonga inouraya zvipembenene inonyanya kukuvadza muviri wemunhu uye yakaoma.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-23-2023