Nekuburitswa kwemishonga inodarika matani 700,000 pagore, glyphosate ndiyo mushonga unoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye wakakura kupfuura mimwe yose pasi rose. Kusashanda kwemasora uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika kunharaunda yezvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu zvinokonzerwa nekusashandiswa zvakanaka kweglyphosate zvakakwezva kutariswa kukuru.
Musi wa29 Chivabvu, timu yaProfessor Guo Ruiting kubva kuState Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, yakagadzwa pamwe chete neSchool of Life Sciences yeHubei University nemadhipatimendi ematunhu nevemakurukota, yakaburitsa bepa rekutsvagisa razvino muJournal of Hazardous Materials, ichiongorora ongororo yekutanga yehuswa hwebarnyard. (A malignant paddy weed)-derived aldo-keto reductase AKR4C16 naAKR4C17 zvinosimudzira reaction mechanism yekuora kweglyphosate, uye zvinovandudza zvikuru kushanda kweglyphosate mukuora neAKR4C17 kuburikidza nekuchinja kwemamorekuru.
Kuramba kuri kuita glyphosate kuri kukura.
Kubva payakatangwa muma1970, glyphosate yave ichifarirwa pasi rese, uye zvishoma nezvishoma yave mushonga wesora wakachipa, unoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye unobereka zvakanyanya. Unokonzera matambudziko ekugadzirisa metabolic mumiti, kusanganisira masora, nekudzivisa zvakanyanya 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), enzyme inokosha inobatanidzwa mukukura kwezvirimwa uye metabolism uye rufu.
Saka, kubereka zvirimwa zvinorarama neglyphosate uye kushandisa glyphosate mumunda inzira yakakosha yekudzora sora mukurima kwemazuva ano.
Zvisinei, nekushandiswa kwakapararira uye kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kweglyphosate, masora akawanda akachinja zvishoma nezvishoma uye akatanga kushivirira glyphosate zvakanyanya.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvirimwa zvakagadziriswa majini zvisingatsungirirwi neglyphosate hazvigone kuora glyphosate, zvichikonzera kuunganidzwa nekufambiswa kweglyphosate muzvirimwa, izvo zvinogona kupararira zviri nyore kuburikidza nechikafu uye kuisa hutano hwevanhu panjodzi.
Saka, zvakakosha kuti pave nemajini anogona kukanganisa glyphosate, kuitira kuti pave nezvirimwa zvakawanda zvinokwanisa kupararira kubva muglyphosate zvine maresidue mashoma eglyphosate.
Kugadzirisa chimiro chekristaro uye maitiro ekugadzirisa ma enzymes anoparadza glyphosate anobva mumiti
Muna 2019, mapoka ekutsvagisa ekuChina neAustralia akawana ma aldo-keto reductases maviri anoparadza glyphosate, AKR4C16 neAKR4C17, kekutanga kubva muhuswa husingatsungiririki neglyphosate. Vanogona kushandisa NADP+ sechinhu chinobatsira kuderedza glyphosate kuita aminomethylphosphonic acid isina chepfu uye glyoxylic acid.
AKR4C16 naAKR4C17 ndiwo ma enzymes ekutanga anonzi anoparadza glyphosate anokonzerwa nekushanduka-shanduka kwezvirimwa. Kuti vaongorore zvakanyanya mashandiro emamorekuru ekuparadza kwavo glyphosate, timu yaGuo Ruiting yakashandisa X-ray crystallography kuongorora hukama huripo pakati pema enzymes maviri aya ne cofactor high. Maumbirwo akaomarara e resolution akaratidza nzira yekubatanidza ye ternary complex ye glyphosate, NADP+ naAKR4C17, uye vakapa nzira ye catalytic reaction mechanism ye AKR4C16 na AKR4C17-mediated glyphosate degradation.
Maumbirwo eAKR4C17/NADP+/glyphosate complex uye maitiro ekuita kwekuparadzwa kweglyphosate.
Kugadziriswa kwemamorekuru kunovandudza kushanda zvakanaka kweglyphosate.
Mushure mekuwana muenzaniso wakanaka weAKR4C17/NADP+/glyphosate, timu yaProfessor Guo Ruiting yakawanawo puroteni yakachinja inonzi AKR4C17F291D ine kuwedzera kwe70% mukushanda kweglyphosate kuburikidza nekuongorora chimiro chema enzyme uye dhizaini ine musoro.
Kuongororwa kwebasa reAKR4C17 mutants rinoparadza glyphosate.
"Basa redu rinoburitsa mashandiro emamorekuru eAKR4C16 neAKR4C17 zvichikonzera kuparara kweglyphosate, izvo zvinoisa hwaro hwakakosha hwekushandurwa kwakawedzerwa kweAKR4C16 neAKR4C17 kuti vawedzere kushanda kwavo zvakanaka kweglyphosate." Munyori wepepanhau iri, Associate Professor Dai Longhai weHubei University akati vakagadzira puroteni yakachinja inonzi AKR4C17F291D ine kushanda kwakanaka kwekuparara kweglyphosate, iyo inopa chishandiso chakakosha chekurima zvirimwa zvinodzivirira glyphosate zvakanyanya zvine maresidue eglyphosate mashoma uye kushandisa mabhakitiriya ekugadzira mabhakitiriya e microbial kuparadza glyphosate munharaunda.
Zvinonzi chikwata chaGuo Ruiting chave nenguva refu chichiongorora mafambiro enyaya uye mashandiro ema enzymes ekuora kwezvipenyu, terpenoid synthases, uye mapuroteni anotarirwa nemishonga yezvinhu zvine chepfu uye zvinokuvadza munharaunda. Li Hao, mubatsiri wemuongorori Yang Yu nemudzidzisi Hu Yumei muchikwata ndivo vanyori vekutanga vepepa iri, uye Guo Ruiting naDai Longhai ndivo vanyori vanowirirana.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-02-2022