Utachiona hwemarariya, hunonzi Anopheles mosquito (Nyssorhynchus darlingi), huri kuramba huchirwisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene.

Sekureva kweWorld Health Organization's World Malaria Report 2025, nyaya dzemalaria muAmerica dzakawedzera ne15.7% pakati pa2015 na2024.
Malaria chirwere chinotapuriranwa muropa neumhutu hune hutachiona hwePlasmodium. Pasinei nekuedza kudzora umhutu, malaria ichiripo munzvimbo dzeSouth America, Asia, neAfrica. Muchinyorwa chaKurume muScience, Jacob Tennison nevamwe vake vakaongorora majini eAnopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlini, iyo inonyanya kukonzera malaria muSouth America. Vaongorori vakaona kuti Anopheles darlini iri kuramba ichirwisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene.
Tennessen nevamwe vake vakaongorora majini eumhutu hunosvika 1,094 kubva kunyika nhanhatu (Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, neVenezuela). Vakawana kusiyana kwemajini kuri kuramba kuchiitika mumapoka ari pedyo, kunyanya mukati mehwindo re150-kb rinosanganisira majini matanhatu anogadzira cytochrome P450. Kuchinja kwemajini eP450 kwakabatana nekusagona kurwisa zvipembenene zvepyrethroid, sezvakaonekwa muAnopheles funestus neAnopheles gambiae muAfrica iri pasi peSahara.
Wana ruzivo rwakajeka rusina muganho kuburikidza nepuratifomu imwe chete inosanganisa ruzivo rwakasiyana, njere dzekugadzira, uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi.
Vanyori vakaenderera mberi vachiti kuchinja uku kwakanyatsosarudzwa se polymorphism mu CYP6AA1 gene, uko imwe allele inoisa threonine panzvimbo 283, uye imwe inoisa lysine. Kuti vaedze kana polymorphism iyi ichipa simba rekudzivirira zvipembenene muumhutu, vaongorori vakabata Anopheles darlingi gumi nematanhatu dzemusango ndokudzirapa ne deltamethrin. Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti umhutu hune threonine-lysine polymorphism hwakararama kwenguva yakareba kupfuura uhwo hwe homozygous hwe threonine kana homozygous hwe lysine. Saka, huwandu hweAnopheles darlingi huri kusarudzwa pari zvino kuti huwedzere simba rahwo rekudzivirira deltamethrin.
Sekureva kweWorld Health Organization (WHO) “World Malaria Report 2025,” nyaya dzemarariya muAmerica dzakawedzera ne15.7% pakati pa2015 na2024, Venezuela, Brazil, neColombia zvichitora 75% yenyaya idzi. Nyanzvi dzezvirwere zveGlobalData dzinofanotaura kuti panosvika gore ra2026, Brazil ichave nevanhu vanopfuura 160,000 vakasimbiswa kuti vane malaria uye vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 1.6 vatsva.
Chinhu chikuru chekupedza marariya chiri mukudzora zvipembenene. Umhutu hwerudzi rweAnopheles africanus hwakava nekusagona kurwisa zvipembenene zvepyrethroid, uye kusagona uku kunoita sekunge kuri kuchinja kwakazvimirira muumhutu hwerudzi rweAnopheles dulcis. Sezvo kumanikidzwa kwekushanduka-shanduka kuri kuramba kuchikurudzira kusagona kurwisa umhutu, kudzora huwandu hweumhutu kucharamba kuchinetsa, uye kuparadzwa kwemarariya kuchawedzera kuoma. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kupihwa kune dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira zvipembenene nezvirwere.
Wana ruzivo rwakajeka rusina muganho kuburikidza nepuratifomu imwe chete inosanganisa ruzivo rwakasiyana, njere dzekugadzira, uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi.
Ndapota tarisai Mutemo wedu weKuchengetedza Ruzivo kuti muwane rumwe ruzivo nezvemasevhisi edu, kusanganisira mashandisiro atinoita, mashandisiro atinoita, uye magovana ruzivo rwenyu, kodzero dzenyu maererano neruzivo rwenyu, uye mabvisiro ekutumira mameseji mune ramangwana. Masevhisi edu akagadzirirwa vashandisi vebhizinesi, uye munovimbisa kuti kero yeemail yaunopa ndiyo kero yenyu yeemail yebhizinesi.