Mabasa akasiyana-siyana eEthephon

Kana zvasvika paethefoni, chinhu chekutanga chinouya mupfungwa dzevanhu ndechekuti inodzora kukura kwezvirimwa, ine mabasa ekukurumidzisa kuibva, kubviswa kwemichero uye kukwegura kwemichero. Kutaura zvazviri, iyi ingori imwe yemigumisiro yayo. Kune mimwe migumisiro yakawanda? Nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvenzira chaiyo yekushandisa kwayo.

Ethephon inonyudzwa zviri nyore nemiti uye inoburitsa ethylene zvishoma nezvishoma mumuviri wemiti, zvichiwedzera peroxidase yemuti, nokudaro zvichideredza kutonga kwemuti uye kuwedzera matiller anoshanda, zvichiita kuti muti uve mupfupi uye wakasimba, uye zvichidzivirira kuti usadonhe; inogonawo kuita kuti zvirimwa zvisabereke, zvikonzere nekukurumidza, kukurudzira kuibva kwemichero nekukurumidza uye zvakaenzana; inewo simba rekuita kuti donje ridonhe mashizha nemiti yetii kuti idonhedze matumbu; inogonawo kushandiswa sechinhu chinobvisa kuibva kwemichero.

I. Kukurudzira Kuibva kweMichero

Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti panguva yekuibva kwemichero, ethylene inogadzirwa. Ethylene inogona kudzora mabasa akasiyana-siyana akadai sema enzymes, nucleic acids, uye kufema kwemichero, zvichiita kuti michero ikwanise kuibva. Kana mhinduro ye ethylene ikapinda mumuviri wemuti, inoburitsa ethylene nemazinga akasiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwe pH hwemasero, zvichiita kuti michero ikurumidze kuibva.

1. Nzira dzekurapa madomasi:

(1) Nzira yekunyikisa mbeu: Sarudza madomasi matema neakaibva panguva yekuibva woanyika mu 1500 ppm ethylene kweinenge miniti imwe chete. Abvise, dururira mvura, woaisa mumabhasikiti ebamboo, mibhedha inodziya, kana magreenhouse. Dzora tembiricha pa22-25℃. Mushure memazuva maviri kusvika matatu, michero mizhinji inoshanduka kuita tsvuku.

(2) Nzira yekuputira michero: Mushure mekunge madomasi asvika padanho rekuibva, hafu yemwedzi usati wakohwewa, shandisa mabhora edonje, mabhurashi, nezvimwewo kuti unyike 2000-3000 ppm ethylene solution pamichero, kana kushandisa gauze, magirovhosi egauze, nezvimwewo kupukuta michero. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti michero ikure mazuva 6-8 apfuura, zvichiwedzera goho rekutanga remichero mitsvuku, uye kuibva nekunaka kwebvudzi kutsvuku kuri nani. Pakuputira michero, chikamu chikuru cheganda reganda kana muchero chinofanira kuputirwa, nekuti mushure mekurapa ethylene, inogona kutenderera mukati memuchero, kunyangwe zvimwe zvikamu zvisina kuputirwa zvizere, muchero wese ucharamba uchiibva. Kurapa uku kunogona kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka uye kuchengetedza basa.

(3) Nzira yekupfapfaidza michero: Kuti matomatisi emuchirimo atange kutengeswa uye kuti basa rifambe zvakanaka, panguva yekuibva kwemichero yekutanga neyechipiri, shandisa mushonga we ethylene we800-1000 ppm zvakananga kupfapfaidza michero, izvo zvinogona kukurumidzisa kutsvuka uye kukura kwemazuva mashanu kusvika manomwe zvichikwira, zvichiwedzera goho rekutanga. Pakupfapfaidza michero, edza kudzivirira kupfapfaidza michero pamadzinde nemashizha.

(4) Nzira yekupfapfaidza chirimwa: Nzira iyi yakakodzera matomatisi anogadzirwa kamwe chete. Inochengetedza nguva uye iri nyore, asi zvakakosha kudzora nguva yekupfapfaidza uye huwandu hwezvinhu. Kazhinji, kana michero yakawanda yatsvuka uye kuchine mimwe michero yegirini, kuti ukurumidze kuibva kwemichero iyi, shandisa 1000 ppm ethylene solution kupfapfaidza chirimwa chose. Nenzira iyi, zvidimbu zvematomatisi zvinokurumidza kutsvuka, michero yegirini inokura nekukurumidza, uye huwandu hwemichero mitsvuku yakaibva huchawedzera zvakanyanya panguva yekukohwa. Kana ethylene ikapfapfaidzwa pachirimwa chisati chaibva, inogona kukurumidzisa kuibva kwechirimwa nemazuva mashanu kusvika matanhatu, asi huwandu hwacho hunofanira kunge hwakaderera, zviri nani 500-1000 milligrams pa litre. Zvikasadaro, zviri nyore kukonzera kudonha kwemashizha eyero nemashizha.

2. Mhiripiri: Kana ganda remuchero rachinja ruvara, shandisa 1000-4000 milligrams pa litre ethylene kuti unyike michero, izvo zvinogona kukurumidzisa kuibva kwemichero uye kuchinja ruvara. Unogona zvakare kupfapfaidza 1000 milligrams pa litre ethylene mumunda kuti ikure, asi inogona kukonzera kudonha kwemashizha.

3. Watermelon: Muchero usati wakura zvakakwana asi usati waibva, pfapfaidza 300-500 mamiligiramu pa litre ethylene pamichero, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti michero ikure mazuva mashanu kusvika manomwe apfuura. Sezvo michero yewatermelon yakakura, kupfapfaidza mushonga pamichero chete hakukuvadzi zvirimwa.

4. Kuibva kwemazambiringa: Kuedza uku kunoratidza kuti kune mhando dzakadai senyuchi hombe, kana michero yatanga kuibva, pfapfaidza kana kunyudza 250-300 mamirigiramu pakirogiramu imwe neimwe ye ethylene pamasumbu emichero, izvo zvinogona kukurumidzisa kuibva kwemazuva matanhatu kusvika masere, uye zvinogona kudyiwa pazuva rechishanu mushure mekupfapfaidza.

Paunenge uchishandisa ethylene kuibva mazambiringa, zvinhu zvinotevera zvinofanira kucherechedzwa:

① Kuwanda kwemafuta kunofanira kunge kwakakodzera. Kana huwandu hwacho hwakanyanya kuderera, mhedzisiro yacho haizoonekwe. Zvisinei, kana huwandu hwacho hwakakwira kupfuura 500 milligrams pakirogiramu, zvinogona kukonzera kudonha kwemichero.

② Nguva yakanakisisa yekurapa michero ndiyo nguva iyo michero inotanga kukura. Kune mhando dzine mavara, ruvara runotanga kukura, uye kune mhando chena, mapoka emichero anoshanduka kuita yero zvishoma. Iyi ndiyo nguva inonyanya kushanda yekurapa.

③ Kuwanda kwakakodzera kuibva kwemhando dzakasiyana kunosiyana. Mukugadzirwa, kuyedza kunofanirwa kuitwa kuti kuonekwe kuwanda kwekurapwa uye nzira.

④ Sezvo ethylene iine simba rekukurudzira kuumbwa kwezvikamu zveabscission, kushandisa ethylene chete kuibva mazambiringa kunowanzoita kuti michero iparare, zvichiita kuti mapoka emazambiringa asanyanya kubatwa nekuchengetwa uye kutakurwa. Kuderedza mhedzisiro iyi, 10-20 milligrams pa kilogiramu ye tributyrin kana 10-15 milligrams pa kilogiramu ye 2,4,5-T inogona kuwedzerwa kana uchishandisa ethylene, iyo ine simba rakanaka mukudzivirira kuparara kwemichero.

II. Kukurudzira Kusiyanisa Maruva Echikadzi

Zvirimwa zvemuriwo weCucurbit zvinomera zve hermaphroditic zvine maruva echirume neechikadzi. Munguva yekusiyanisa maruva echirume neechikadzi, kuwedzera kune zvinhu zvikuru zvinoita kuti majini aonekwe, huwandu hwakasiyana hwemahormone hunogona kukanganisa kusiyana kwehunhu hwemurume nemukadzi. Kana maruva emuriwo wecucurbit asina kusiyana, kuarapa ne ethephon kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwemaruva echikadzi zvakanyanya. Kazhinji, 150 milligrams pa litre ye ethephon inopfapfaidzwa pamusoro pemashizha kamwe kusvika katatu pamashizha ekutanga kusvika mashanu e cucumber, mashizha ekutanga kusvika mana e nhanga, uye mashizha echipiri e vine. Pamashizha ekutanga kusvika echitatu e cucumber, kupfapfaidza 50 kusvika 250 milligrams pa litre ye ethephon kamwe kusvika katatu kunogona kuva nemigumisiro inouraya varume uye kunowanzo shandiswa kugadzira mbeu dzemumunda dze cucumber.

III. Kukurudzira Kukura kweZvirimwa Zvidiki

Kupfapfaidza 240-960 mamirigiramu pa litre imwe kusvika mana emashizha ekabhichi, celery, karoti, radish, eggplant, domasi, uye manhanga kunodzikisa kukura kwezvirimwa uye kunoita kuti zvirege kukura. Zvinokanganisa kukura kwezvirimwa. Ethephon ine simba rekuputsa kukura kwezvirimwa uye kukurudzira kumera. Semuenzaniso, kunyikwa mbatatisi mu50-200 mamirigiramu pa litre imwe chete ye ethephon kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwemabukira, uye kurapa ginger kunogona kukurudzira kumera kwayo uye kuwedzera matavi ayo.

Kudzora donje:IBA+ DA-6 + ethephon yakapfupikiswa seEBH. Mushonga wayo une 30% uye 40% mvura, yakasanganiswa ka1500 kuti ishandiswe, ine dose ye20-30 ml pa mu. Inodzora kukura kwezvirimwa yave yakakurumbira mukudzora kureba kwezvirimwa zvedonje mumakore achangopfuura uye zvakare inodzora kukura kwezvirimwa mukudzora kureba kwezvirimwa zvechibage.